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Measures meant to tame the coronavirus pandemic are quashing influenza and most other respiratory diseases, which could have wide-ranging implications. Measures meant to tame the coronavirus pandemic are quashing influenza and most other respiratory diseases, which could have wide-ranging implications.

Three-dimensional printers are opening up new worlds to research.

Record temperature combined with an anticipated El Niño could devastate marine life and increase the chances of extreme weather. Record temperature combined with an anticipated El Niño could devastate marine life and increase the chances of extreme weather. Credit: Juergen Freund/NPL Split level of shallow bleaching corals and island, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, June 2010

Humanity needs to eat less meat. Here are seven alternatives. Humanity needs to eat less meat. Here are seven alternatives.

As pandemic restrictions ease, other respiratory viruses are returning in unexpected ways. As pandemic restrictions ease, other respiratory viruses are returning in unexpected ways. A young sick woman sneezing into a tissue at home

\"The trend is good right now, but it's questionable what it's going to look like in 5-10 years,\" says Dale Sartor, who oversees the Center of Expertise for Energy Efficiency in Data Centers at the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California. With the spectre of an energy-hungry future looming, scientists in academic labs and engineers at some of the world's wealthiest companies are exploring ways to keep the industry's environmental impact in check. Even in temperate climates, warm-water cooling has become the de facto solution for managing high-performance computers that are run fast and hot, including those in US Department of Energy labs and the Bavarian Academy of Sciences' SuperMUC supercomputer in Garching, Germany. POWER PLAY At their core, data centres are only as good as the processors they're made of - and there's scope for improvement there, too. Since the 1940s, the number of operations a computer can perform with each kilowatt hour (KWh) of energy has doubled about once every 1.6 years for peak performance and every 2.6 years for average performance.

Mitochondrial membranes define distinct structural and functional compartments. Cristae of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) function as independent bioenergetic units that undergo rapid and transient remodelling, but the significance of this compartmentalized organization is unknown 1 . Using super-resolution microscopy, here we show that cytosolic IMM vesicles, devoid of outer mitochondrial membrane or mitochondrial matrix, are formed during resting state. These vesicles derived from the IMM (VDIMs) are formed by IMM herniation through pores formed by voltage-dependent anion channel 1 in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Live-cell imaging showed that lysosomes in proximity to mitochondria engulfed the herniating IMM and, aided by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport machinery, led to the formation of VDIMs in a microautophagy-like process, sparing the remainder of the organelle. VDIM formation was enhanced in mitochondria undergoing oxidative stress, suggesting their potential role in maintenance of mitochondrial function. Furthermore, the formation of VDIMs required calcium release by the reactive oxygen species-activated, lysosomal calcium channel, transient receptor potential mucolipin 1, showing an interorganelle communication pathway for maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. Thus, IMM compartmentalization could allow for the selective removal of damaged IMM sections via VDIMs, which should protect mitochondria from localized injury. Our findings show a new pathway of intramitochondrial quality control. We show that cytosolic inner mitochondrial membrane vesicles, devoid of outer mitochondrial membrane or mitochondrial matrix, are formed during resting state and directly herniate into lysosomes through pores formed by voltage-dependent anion channel 1 in the outer mitochondrial membrane, thereby allowing their selective removal.

Across diverse contexts, emerging evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic is increasing levels of anxiety and stress. In calling for greater attention to people’s psychosocial and emotional well-being, global actors have paid insufficient attention to the realities of the pandemic in low- and middle-income countries, where millions of people are already exposed to intersecting vulnerabilities. Chronic poverty, protracted violence, conflict and displacement, coupled with weak health, education and protection systems, provide the backdrop of many adolescents’ lives. Drawing on qualitative in-country telephone interviews with over 500 adolescents in Ethiopia, Côte d’Ivoire and Lebanon, this article unpacks the age and gendered dimensions of COVID-19 and its response. We conclude by discussing the implications for COVID-19 recovery efforts, arguing that embedding adolescent-centred, inclusive approaches in education, community-based health and social protection responses, has the potential to mitigate the psycho-emotional toll of the pandemic on young people and promote resilience.

Researchers are experimenting with different designs that could lower costs, extend vehicle ranges and offer other improvements. Researchers are experimenting with different designs that could lower costs, extend vehicle ranges and offer other improvements. Overhead aerial view of electric vehicles plugged in at a Gridserve charging hub

Developers have tricks to stop artificial intelligence from making things up, but large language models are still struggling to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth. Developers have tricks to stop artificial intelligence from making things up, but large language models are still struggling to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.