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"Jones, Will"
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How to read New York : a crash course in Big Apple architecture
Essential reading for both native New Yorkers and tourists alike, How to Read New York unveils the boundless diversity of Gotham's architectural wonders. Covering every era of New York architecture--from what remains of the colonial days to the latest postmodern skyscraper--this unique guidebook illuminates the fascinating architectural and urban history of New York. Organized chronologically and by architectural style, the book covers key highlights of the built environment from the Battery to Inwood. Many of the skyline's most iconic buildings are included, along with many lesser-known buildings that are architecturally interesting. Charmingly illustrated with 430 line drawings and vintage engravings that bring old New York to life, the book concludes with a map section that suggests themed walking tours.
Book
Arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle and stressed hip-knee-ankle angle: equivalent methods for estimating constitutional lower limb alignment in kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty
Purpose
Kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (KA TKA) relies on precise determination of constitutional alignment to set resection targets. The arithmetic hip-knee-ankle angle (aHKA) is a radiographic method to estimate constitutional alignment following onset of arthritis. Intraoperatively, constitutional alignment may also be approximated using navigation-based angular measurements of deformity correction, termed the stressed HKA (sHKA). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between these methods of estimating constitutional alignment to better understand their utility in KA TKA.
Methods
A radiological and intraoperative computer-assisted navigation study was undertaken comparing measurements of the aHKA using radiographs and computed tomography (CT-aHKA) to the sHKA in 88 TKAs meeting the inclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the difference in the paired means between the three methods to determine constitutional alignment (aHKA, CT-aHKA, sHKA). Secondary outcomes included testing agreement across measurements using Bland-Altman plots and analysis of subgroup differences based on different patterns of compartmental arthritis.
Results
There were no statistically significant differences between any paired comparison or across groups (aHKA vs. sHKA: 0.1°,
p
= 0.817; aHKA vs. CT-aHKA: 0.3°,
p
= 0.643; CT-aHKA vs. sHKA: 0.2°,
p
= 0.722; ANOVA,
p
= 0.845). Bland-Altman plots were consistent with good agreement for all comparisons, with approximately 95% of values within limits of agreement. There was no difference in the three paired comparisons (aHKA, CT-aHKA, and sHKA) for knees with medial compartment arthritis. However, these findings were not replicated in knees with lateral compartment arthritis.
Conclusions
There was no significant difference between the arithmetic HKA (whether obtained using CT or radiographs) and the stressed HKA in this analysis. These findings further validate the preoperative arithmetic method and support use of the intraoperative stressed HKA as techniques to restore constitutional lower limb alignment in KA TKA.
Level of evidence
III.
Journal Article
The bicycle artisans
A guide to 88 of the creative bicycle makers working today. It includes established names such as Achielle, Cielo Cycles and Corima and new kids on the block such as Art & Industry, Bondi Beach Cruisers and Foffa, as well as product designers (Torkel Dohmers, Marc Newson).
Book
The importance of joint line obliquity: a radiological analysis of restricted boundaries in normal knee phenotypes to inform surgical decision making in kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty
Purpose
Restricted kinematic alignment (rKA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) aims to restore native soft tissue laxities while limiting alignment extremes that risk prosthetic failure. However, there is no consensus where restricted boundaries (RB) should be set. This study aims to determine the proportion of limbs in which constitutional alignment and joint line obliquity (JLO) would be restored with various RB scenarios, to inform decision making in rKA TKA.
Methods
The mechanical hip–knee–ankle (mHKA) angle, arithmetic hip–knee–ankle (aHKA) angle, lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were measured on radiographs of 500 normal knees. Incrementally wider RBs were then applied. The proportion of limbs within each increment was determined when RBs were applied only to HKA, or to HKA, LDFA and MPTA together. In addition, the proportion of limbs within published adjusted mechanical alignment (aMA) and rKA protocols were determined, as well as those within one, two and three standard deviations of the means for HKA, LDFA and MPTA.
Results
When restrictions to mHKA alone were applied, 74.0% and 97.8% of knees were captured with boundaries of ± 3° and ± 6° respectively. However, when the same boundaries to HKA were also applied to MPTA and LDFA, 36.2% and 91.0% of knees were captured respectively, highlighting the limiting effect that JLO has on restoration of normal knee phenotypes. When comparing previously published boundaries, aMA of 0° ± 3° captured 36.2%; rKA of 0° ± 3 for HKA and 85° to 95° for LDFA/MPTA captured 67.8%; rKA of − 5° to 4° HKA and 86°–93° for LDFA/MPTA captured 63%; and rKA of − 6° to + 3° for HKA and 84°–93° for LDFA/MPTA captured 85.4%.
Conclusion
The greatest proportions of normal knee phenotypes were captured with boundaries that were centred around population means for HKA and JLO. Further, these findings demonstrate that restricting the JLO has a significant limiting influence on restoration of normal knee phenotypes beyond that of restricting HKA alone.
Level of evidence
III.
Journal Article
How to read modern buildings : a crash course in the architecture of the modern era
Small enough to fit in a pocket yet serious enough to provide real answers, this is the ultimate field guide to understanding modern architecture. This eighth entry in Rizzoli's popular How to Read series is a one-stop guide to understanding the world's iconic modern buildings: an indispensable pocket-sized guide to the architecture of the modern era. This volume takes the reader on a tour of modern architecture through its most iconic and significant buildings, showing how to read the hallmarks of each architectural style and how to recognise them in the buildings. From Art Deco and Arts and Crafts through Bauhaus, the International Style, and Modernism to today's environmental architecture and the rise and fall of the starchitect, all the major architectural movements from the 1900s to the present day are traced through their classic buildings. Examining the key architectural elements and hidden details of each style, we learn what to look for and where to look for it. Filled with detailed drawings, plans, and photographs, this book is a fascinating architectural history a must-read for anyone with an interest in architecture, urbanism, and modern design.
Book
Cell-Based Therapy for the Treatment of Glioblastoma: An Update from Preclinical to Clinical Studies
Glioblastoma (GB), an aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system, represents about 60% of all adult primary brain tumors. It is notorious for its extremely low (~5%) 5-year survival rate which signals the unsatisfactory results of the standard protocol for GB therapy. This issue has become, over time, the impetus for the discipline of bringing novel therapeutics to the surface and challenging them so they can be improved. The cell-based approach in treating GB found its way to clinical trials thanks to a marvelous number of preclinical studies that probed various types of cells aiming to combat GB and increase the survival rate. In this review, we aimed to summarize and discuss the up-to-date preclinical studies that utilized stem cells or immune cells to treat GB. Likewise, we tried to summarize the most recent clinical trials using both cell categories to treat or prevent recurrence of GB in patients. As with any other therapeutics, cell-based therapy in GB is still hampered by many drawbacks. Therefore, we highlighted several novel techniques, such as the use of biomaterials, scaffolds, nanoparticles, or cells in the 3D context that may depict a promising future when combined with the cell-based approach.
Journal Article
Matching Systems for Refugees
Executive Summary1
Design of matching systems between refugees and states or local areas is emerging as one of the most promising solutions to problems in refugee resettlement. We describe the basics of two-sided matching theory used in a number of allocation problems, such as school choice, where both sides need to agree to the match. We then explain how these insights can be applied to international refugee matching in the context of the European Union and examine how refugee matching might work within the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.
Journal Article
