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A hands-on introduction to advanced applications of power system transients with practical examples Transient Analysis of Power Systems: A Practical Approach offers an authoritative guide to the traditional capabilities and the new software and hardware approaches that can be used to carry out transient studies and make possible new and more complex research. The book explores a wide range of topics from an introduction to the subject to a review of the many advanced applications, involving the creation of custom-made models and tools and the application of multicore environments for advanced studies. The authors cover the general aspects of the transient analysis such as modelling guidelines, solution techniques and capabilities of a transient tool. The book also explores the usual application of a transient tool including over-voltages, power quality studies and simulation of power electronics devices. In addition, it contains an introduction to the transient analysis using the ATP. All the studies are supported by practical examples and simulation results. This important book: Summarises modelling guidelines and solution techniques used in transient analysis of power systems Provides a collection of practical examples with a detailed introduction and a discussion of results Includes a collection of case studies that illustrate how a simulation tool can be used for building environments that can be applied to both analysis and design of power systems Offers guidelines for building custom-made models and libraries of modules, supported by some practical examples Facilitates application of a transients tool to fields hardly covered with other time-domain simulation tools Includes a companion website with data (input) files of examples presented, case studies and power point presentations used to support cases studies Written for EMTP users, electrical engineers, Transient Analysis of Power Systems is a hands-on and practical guide to advanced applications of power system transients that includes a range of practical examples. 

<p>The simulation of electromagnetic transients is a mature field that plays an important role in the design of modern power systems. Since the first steps in this field to date, a significant effort has been dedicated to the development of new techniques and more powerful software tools. Sophisticated models, complex solution techniques and powerful simulation tools have been developed to perform studies that are of supreme importance in the design of modern power systems. The first developments of transients tools were mostly aimed at calculating over-voltages. Presently, these tools are applied to a myriad of studies (e.g. FACTS and Custom Power applications, protective relay performance, simulation of smart grids) for which detailed models and fast solution methods can be of paramount importance.</p> <p>This book provides a basic understanding of the main aspects to be considered when performing electromagnetic transients studies, detailing the main applications of present electromagnetic transients (EMT) tools, and discusses new developments for enhanced simulation capability.</p> <p><b>Key features:</b>&#160;</p> <ul> <li>Provides up-to-date information on solution techniques and software capabilities for simulation of electromagnetic transients.</li> <li>Covers key aspects that can expand the capabilities of a transient software tool (e.g. interfacing techniques) or speed up transients simulation (e.g. dynamic model averaging).</li> <li>Applies EMT-type tools to a wide spectrum of studies that range from fast electromagnetic transients to slow electromechanical transients, including power electronic applications, distributed energy resources and protection systems.</li> <li>Illustrates the application of EMT tools to the analysis and simulation of smart grids.</li> </ul>

This paper is aimed at assessing the impact of unintentional islanding operations (IOs) in the presence of large induction motors (IMs) within distribution networks (DNs). When a fault occurs, following the circuit breaker (CB) fault clearing, the IMs act transiently as generators, due to its inertia, until the CB reclosing takes place. The present work is the outcome of a project carried out in a small DN, where field measurements were recorded over two years. This paper provides a detailed description of the test system, a selected list of field measurements, and a discussion on modeling guidelines used to create the model of the actual power system. The main goal is to validate the system model by comparing field measurements with simulation results. The comparison of simulations and field measurements prove the appropriateness of the modeling guidelines used in this work and highlight the high accuracy achieved in the implemented three-phase Matlab/Simulink model.

This paper presents a Monte Carlo approach for reliability assessment of distribution systems with distributed generation using parallel computing. The calculations are carried out with a royalty-free power flow simulator, OpenDSS (Open Distribution System Simulator). The procedure has been implemented in an environment in which OpenDSS is driven from MATLAB. The test system is an overhead distribution system represented by means of a three-phase model that includes protective devices. The paper details the implemented procedure, which can be applied to systems with or without distributed generation, includes an illustrative case study and summarizes the results derived from the analysis of the test system during one year. The goal is to evaluate the test system performance considering different scenarios with different level of system automation and reconfiguration, and assess the impact that distributed photovoltaic generation can have on that performance. Several reliability indices, including those related to the impact of distributed generation, are obtained for every scenario.

This paper presents a time-domain model of a MV/LV bidirectional solid state transformer (SST). A multilevel converter configuration of the SST MV side is obtained by cascading a single-phase cell made of the series connection of an H bridge and a dual active bridge (dc-dc converter); the aim is to configure a realistic SST design suitable for MV levels. A three-phase four-wire converter has been used for the LV side, allowing the connection of both load/generation. The SST model, including the corresponding controllers, has been built and encapsulated as a custom-made model in the ATP version of the EMTP for application in distribution system studies. Several case studies have been carried out in order to evaluate the behavior of the proposed SST design under different operating conditions and check its impact on power quality.

This chapter provides a short summary of the modelling guidelines suggested for representing power system components involved in the generation and delivery of electric energy. The selection of an adequate line model is crucial in most transient studies. The chapter provides an overview of transformer models and summarizes transformer modelling for analysis of low‐and high‐frequency transients. Two types of time‐domain models have been developed for overhead lines: lumped‐ and distributed‐parameter models. The chapter also introduces the main cable designs for high‐voltage applications, summarizes the bonding techniques used with high‐voltage cable designs, and discusses how to prepare input data of a cable whose design cannot be directly specified in the cable constants/cable parameters (CC/CP) routines. Alternative Transients Program has two supporting routines for the calculation of cable parameters known as CC and CP. The chapter presents the equations needed to model multi‐conductor lines.

This chapter illustrates the range of applications that can be covered with the models available in Alternative Transients Program (ATP) for representing rotating machines. It summarizes the representation of rotating machines taking into account the frequency range of the transient phenomena; and the capabilities and solution methods implemented in rotating machine models. The chapter also summarizes the capabilities and limitations of the models. It provides a short background of ATP machine models and a summary of the models available through ATPDraw. The chapter suggests a procedure to obtain the data input of a rotating machine in ATP format considering the frequency of the transients and the available machine data. Active power and electromagnetic torque exhibit oscillations of about 100% with respect to the values obtained without gusts, and wind torques on blades are even above this percentage.

Transient analysis has become a fundamental methodology for understanding the performance of power systems, determining power component ratings, explaining equipment failures, or testing protection devices. A rigorous and accurate analysis of transients in power systems is difficult due to the size of the system, the complexity of the interaction between power devices, and the physical phenomena that need to be analysed. Alternative Transients Program (ATP) was originally developed for simulation of electromagnetic transients in power systems. The ATP package is integrated by at least three tools: ATPDraw, a graphical user interfaces for creating/editing input files; TPBIG, the main processor for transients and harmonics simulations; and one postprocessor for plotting simulation results. The EMTP Theory Book, ATP Rule Book, and ATPDraw Reference Manual material will be of help when using any of the basic tools that constitute the package. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.

This chapter provides an introduction to the most basic techniques implemented in the Alternative Transients Program for simulating electromagnetic transients in power systems and the dynamic behaviour of control systems. A tool for simulating the behaviour of a power system during a transient phenomenon must also include capabilities for calculating the steady‐state solution prior to the beginning of the transient. The chapter summarizes solution techniques for the computation of electromagnetic transients using single‐phase representations, solutions to the numerical oscillations produced by the trapezoidal rule, methods to obtain initial steady‐state solutions, and procedures to solve control systems and the interface between power networks and control systems. Software packages offer high levels of modelling and simulation capabilities for studying electromagnetic and electromechanical transients. The chapter summarizes the techniques implemented in ATP and other transients tools for solving transient phenomena in power systems.

Power electronics systems are spread to all voltage levels, from extra high voltage transmission to low‐voltage circuits in end‐user facilities. This chapter presents a survey of the work performed in the time‐domain simulation of power electronics systems using the Alternative Transients Program (ATP). It discusses the modelling guidelines to be applied when simulating power electronics devices as either stand‐alone systems or as part of a larger power system. The chapter also discusses the approaches that can be used for representing power electronics converters and semiconductor devices. It provides a very short summary of the ATP solutions methods. The chapter explains the ATP capabilities that can be used for representing the different blocks that form power electronics systems and some guidelines for their application. It further summarizes the power electronics applications in transmission, distribution, and distributed energy resources. The chapter also presents some illustrative case studies.