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Air pollution, particularly from particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (eBC), has been implicated in airway pathologies. This study aims to assess the relationship between exposure to these pollutants and respiratory function in various populations, including healthy individuals, while seeking an accurate assessment method. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bogotá, evaluating respiratory function in the users of bicycles, minivans, and buses through spirometry and impulse oscillometry. Measurements were taken along two main avenues, assessing the PM2.5 and eBC concentrations. The results reveal higher pollutant levels on AVE KR 9, correlating with changes in oscillometry values post-travel. Cyclists exhibited differing pre- and post-travel values compared to bus and minivan users, suggesting aerobic exercise mitigates pollutant impacts. However, no statistically significant spirometry or impulse oscillometry variations were observed among routes or modes. Public transport and minivan users showed greater PM2.5 and eBC exposure, yet no significant changes associated with environmental contaminants were found in respiratory function values. These findings underscore the importance of further research on pollutant effects and respiratory health in urban environments, particularly concerning different transport modes.

Background and Objectives: Particulate Matter (PM), particles of variable but small diameter can penetrate the respiratory system via inhalation, causing respiratory and/or cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to evaluate the association of environmental particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) with respiratory health in users of different transport modes in four roads in Bogotá. Materials and Methods: this was a mixed-method study (including a cross sectional study and a qualitative description of the air quality perception), in 300 healthy participants, based on an exploratory sequential design. The respiratory effect was measured comparing the changes between pre- and post-spirometry. The PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) concentrations were measured using portable devices. Inhaled doses were also calculated for each participant according to the mode and route. Perception was approached through semi-structured interviews. The analysis included multivariate models and concurrent triangulation. Results: The concentration of matter and black carbon were greater in bus users (median 50.67 µg m−3; interquartile range (–IR): 306.7). We found greater inhaled dosages of air pollutants among bike users (16.41 µg m−3). We did not find changes in the spirometry parameter associated with air pollutants or transport modes. The participants reported a major sensory influence at the visual and olfactory level as perception of bad air quality. Conclusions: We observed greater inhaled doses among active transport users. Nevertheless, no pathological changes were identified in the spirometry parameters. People’s perceptions are a preponderant element in the assessment of air quality.

The In Between of Nothing and Everything is a story that follows Charlotte “Chitty” Alcantar, a sixteen-year-old girl in the foster care system. Months after the death of her biological sister, she moves to a new town with single mother, Rocio, and her daughter, Eloisa. The story is told in first person point of view and follows Chitty as she makes new friends, develops a seemingly impossible crush, and uncovers secrets about her sister’s life and death. This is a story about identity, family, friendship, and spirituality. It is one-third of a novel.

La iatf es una herramienta biotecnológica que permite el control del ciclo estral de la hembra a través de la incorporación de compuestos hormonales que precisan el momento exacto del celo y la ovulación. La combinación de estos compuestos ha permitido el surgimiento de innumerables protocolos hormonales que buscan mejorar la sincronización. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de protocolos hormonales a base de la hormona liberadora de gonadotropina (GnRH) sobre la fertilidad de novillas Bos indicus. Se sincronizaron 180 novillas (cíclicas y acíclicas) de la raza Brahman. Los tratamientos experimentales correspondieron a tres protocolos que incluyeron las siguientes hormonas: GNRH-PGF2-GNRH (T1 y T2), DIB-GNRH-PGF2-GNRH (T3 y T4) y DIB-GNRH-PGF2-eCG-GNRH (T5 y T6). A los animales se les evaluó el tamaño del folículo preovulatorio y el diagnóstico de preñez por medio de ultrasonografía, con los protocolos de sincronización se obtuvo una tasa de preñez total de: 10,7 % (T1), 16,6 % (T2), 36,8 % (T3), 41,9 %(T4), 38,7 % (T5) y 27,68 % (T6). Se encontró un efecto (p = 0,0803) entre los tratamientos al realizar la comparación de proporciones de preñez y se encontró que el T1 y el T2 fueron estadísticamente iguales (p > 0,05) y lo mismo sucedió con los tratamientos T3, T4, T5 y T6, pero se encontraron diferencias (p ≤ 0,05) entre los tratamientos T1 y T2 al compararlos con los tratamientos T3, T4, T5 y T6; por otro lado, no hubo diferencias (p ≥ 0,05) en el promedio del tamaño de folículo preovulatorio, siendo estos de 10,28 mm, 11,21 mm y 11,77 mm para las novillas sincronizadas con los tratamientos 1, 2 y 3, respectivamente. El uso de la hormona GnRH en combinación con la progesterona en protocolo Cosynch mejora significativamente las tasas de preñez en novillas Bos indicus, en comparación al protocolo Cosynch tradicional.

Despite achieving high rates of complete remission with RCHOP immuno-chemotherapy, almost all patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) will experience multiple relapses after treatment. The lack of experimental model of FL limits our understanding of treatment response heterogeneity. Here we characterized a new model of FL patient-derived xenograft in avian embryos. Based on 20 biopsy samples, we observed that tumor volume reduction achieved with RCHOP treatment in ovo predicted progression free survival in multivariate analysis. To further explore the model, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to discover a signature of 21 genes upregulated after RCHOP exposure, with significant intratumoral heterogeneity. Among these genes, we functionally validated BAX as a critical effector of RCHOP which can be targeted with venetoclax in vitro and in ovo. Overall, the FL-AVI-PDX model is a platform for functional precision oncology in FL, which captures both interpatient and intrapatient heterogeneity, and opens an avenue for drug development

Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCLs) represent a significant unmet medical need with dismal clinical outcomes. The T cell receptor (TCR) is emerging as a key driver of T lymphocyte transformation. However, the role of chronic TCR activation in lymphomagenesis and in lymphoma cell survival is still poorly understood. Using a mouse model, we report that chronic TCR stimulation drove T cell lymphomagenesis, whereas TCR signaling did not contribute to PTCL survival. The combination of kinome, transcriptome, and epigenome analyses of mouse PTCLs revealed a NK cell-like reprogramming of PTCL cells with expression of NK receptors (NKRs) and downstream signaling molecules such as Tyrobp and SYK. Activating NKRs were functional in PTCLs and dependent on SYK activity. In vivo blockade of NKR signaling prolonged mouse survival, demonstrating the addiction of PTCLs to NKRs and downstream SYK/mTOR activity for their survival. We studied a large collection of human primary samples and identified several PTCLs recapitulating the phenotype described in this model by their expression of SYK and the NKR, suggesting a similar mechanism of lymphomagenesis and establishing a rationale for clinical studies targeting such molecules.

En este artículo se evalúa el desempeño sísmico estructural mediante análisis no lineal acorde a la metodología del ASCE/SEI 41-17 y se determina la probabilidad de colapso de las estructuras sometidas a 11 movimientos del terreno, escalados a niveles de amenaza correspondientes a sismos de servicio, de diseño y máximo considerado. Se realizaron modelos de elementos finitos de estructuras tridimensionales de 1, 2 y 3 pisos de pórticos de hormigón armado con una estructuración típica de la construcción artesanal y con un diseño sismo resistente. Se considera en la respuesta el pórtico sin y con la influencia de la mampostería de relleno típica de Ecuador. La influencia de la mampostería de relleno cambia el comportamiento estructural, generando desempeños estructurales no aceptables y altas probabilidades de colapso para el sismo de diseño. Los daños observados durante terremotos anteriores son consistentes con los resultados de este estudio.  

En este artículo, se evalúa el desempeño sísmico estructural mediante análisis no lineal acorde a la metodología del ASCE/SEI 41-17 y se determina la probabilidad de colapso de las estructuras sometidas a 11 movimientos del terreno, escalados a niveles de amenaza correspondientes a sismos de servicio, de diseño y máximo considerado. Se realiza modelos de elementos finitos de estructuras tridimensionales de 1, 2 y 3 pisos de pórticos de hormigón armado con una estructuración típica de la construcción artesanal y con un diseño sismo resistente, se considera en la respuesta el pórtico sin y con la influencia de la mampostería de relleno típica de Ecuador. La influencia de la mampostería de relleno cambia el comportamiento estructural generando desempeños estructurales no aceptables y altas probabilidad de colapso para el sismo de diseño. Los daños observados durante terremotos anteriores son consistentes con los resultados de este estudio.

RESUMEN En este artículo, se evalúa el desempeño sísmico estructural mediante análisis no lineal acorde a la metodología del ASCE/SEI 41-17 y se determina la probabilidad de colapso de las estructuras sometidas a 11 movimientos del terreno, escalados a niveles de amenaza correspondientes a sismos de servicio, de diseño y máximo considerado. Se realiza modelos de elementos finitos de estructuras tridimensionales de 1, 2 y 3 pisos de pórticos de hormigón armado con una estructuración típica de la construcción artesanal y con un diseño sismo resistente, se considera en la respuesta el pórtico sin y con la influencia de la manipostería de relleno típica de Ecuador. La influencia de la manipostería de relleno cambia el comportamiento estructural generando desempeños estructurales no aceptables y altas probabilidad de colapso para el sismo de diseño. Los daños observados durante terremotos anteriores son consistentes con los resultados de este estudio.