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"KUMAR, S."
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Extraction of bioactive compounds from Psidium guajava leaves and its utilization in preparation of jellies
Psidium guajava L. (guava) is predominantly grown throughout the world and known for its medicinal properties in treating various diseases and disorders. The present work focuses on aqueous extraction of bioactive compounds from the guava leaf and its utilization in the formulation of jelly to improve the public health. The guava leaf extract has been used in the preparation of jelly with pectin (1.5 g), sugar (28 g) and lemon juice (2 mL). The prepared guava leaf extract jelly (GJ) and the control jelly (CJ, without extract) were subjected to proximate, nutritional and textural analyses besides determination of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. GJ was found to contain carbohydrate (45.78 g/100 g), protein (3.0 g/100 g), vitamin C (6.15 mg/100 g), vitamin B3 (2.90 mg/100 g) and energy (120.6 kcal). Further, the texture analysis of CJ and GJ indicated that both the jellies showed similar properties emphasizing that the addition of guava leaf extract does not bring any change in the texture properties of jelly. GJ exhibited antimicrobial activity against various bacteria ranging from 11.4 to 13.6 mm. Similarly, GJ showed antioxidant activity of 42.38% against DPPH radical and 33.45% against hydroxyl radical. Mass spectroscopic analysis of aqueous extract confirmed the presence of esculin, quercetin, gallocatechin, 3-sinapoylquinic acid, gallic acid, citric acid and ellagic acid which are responsible for antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
Journal Article
Sustainable lubrication
\"This book overviews recent advances in the development of lubricants and their usage in different tribological systems, starting from nanoscale contacts up to macroscale assemblies with specific focus on sustainable green lubrication choices including base fluids. Further, it covers advances and optimization of new type of lubrication systems according to their usage in various tribological systems as gears, bearings, micro-electromechanical systems, and production equipment. Furthermore, the few examples and case studies about utilization of synthetic lubricants in bearings, gears, dental and so forth has been included. Features: explores information on the present and future of sustainable lubricants due to its accelerated demands in industries, provides conceptual overview of lubricant application in manufacturing and automobile industries, discusses lubricants used in the micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS), tribo-systems under extreme conditions and for biomedical applications, and reviews information about various types of additives and their role in lubricants, and their cost effectiveness. This text also includes case studies related to journal-bearing/gear drive systems. Finally, this shortform book is geared towards students and researchers in mechanical engineering, automobile engineering, chemical engineering and chemistry, manufacturing, mechanical, materials and metallurgy\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Caspase function in programmed cell death
The first proapoptotic caspase, CED-3, was cloned from
Caenorhabditis elegans
in 1993 and shown to be essential for the developmental death of all somatic cells. Following the discovery of CED-3, caspases have been cloned from several vertebrate and invertebrate species. As reviewed in other articles in this issue of
Cell Death and Differentiation
, many caspases function in nonapoptotic pathways. However, as is clear from the worm studies, the evolutionarily conserved role of caspases is to execute programmed cell death. In this article, I will specifically focus on caspases that function primarily in cell death execution. In particular, the physiological function of caspases in apoptosis is discussed using examples from the worm, fly and mammals.
Journal Article
Supply chain disruptions and resilience: a major review and future research agenda
Our study examines the literature that has been published in important journals on supply chain disruptions, a topic that has emerged the last 20 years, with an emphasis in the latest developments in the field. Based on a review process important studies have been identified and analyzed. The content analysis of these studies synthesized existing information about the types of disruptions, their impact on supply chains, resilience methods in supply chain design and recovery strategies proposed by the studies supported by cost–benefit analysis. Our review also examines the most popular modeling approaches on the topic with indicative examples and the IT tools that enhance resilience and reduce disruption risks. Finally, a detailed future research agenda is formed about SC disruptions, which identifies the research gaps yet to be addressed. The aim of this study is to amalgamate knowledge on supply chain disruptions which constitutes an important and timely as the frequency and impact of disruptions increase. The study summarizes and builds upon the knowledge of other well-cited reviews and surveys in this research area.
Journal Article
Molecular characterization and antifungal activity of lipopeptides produced from Bacillus subtilis against plant fungal pathogen Alternaria alternata
Over 380 host plant species have been known to develop leaf spots as a result of the fungus
Alternaria alternata
. It is an aspiring pathogen that affects a variety of hosts and causes rots, blights, and leaf spots on different plant sections. In this investigation, the lipopeptides from the B. subtilis strains T3, T4, T5, and T6 were evaluated for their antifungal activities. In the genomic DNA, iturin, surfactin, and fengycin genes were found recovered from
B. subtilis
bacterium by PCR amplification. From different
B. subtilis
strains, antifungal Lipopeptides were extracted, identified by HPLC, and quantified with values for T3 (24 g/ml), T4 (32 g/ml), T5 (28 g/ml), and T6 (18 g/ml). To test the antifungal activity, the isolated lipopeptides from the B. subtilis T3, T4, T5, and T6 strains were applied to
Alternaria alternata
at a concentration of 10 g/ml. Lipopeptides were found to suppress
Alternaria alternata
at rates of T3 (75.14%), T4 (75.93%), T5 (80.40%), and T6 (85.88%). The T6 strain outperformed the other three by having the highest antifungal activity against
Alternaria alternata
(85.88%).
Journal Article
Literature survey on deep learning methods for liver segmentation from CT images: a comprehensive review
Segmentation of the liver from computed tomography images is an essential and critical task in medical image analysis, with significant implications for liver disease diagnosis and treatment. Deep learning techniques have emerged as a powerful tool in this domain, offering unprecedented accuracy and robustness. This literature survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of deep learning techniques for segmentation of liver from CT images, aiming to synthesize recent advancements, identify key contributions, and address challenges in this rapidly evolving field. The survey covers various deep learning architectures, including convolution neural networks, U-Net, attention mechanisms, generative adversarial neural networks and transformer models, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. Evaluation metrics and benchmark datasets commonly used for performance assessment are discussed in this survey. Furthermore, the survey delves into the challenges and limitations of deep learning methods, including interpretability, model robustness, and ethical considerations. The survey concludes by summarizing key findings, highlighting advancements, and outlining future research directions, such as interpretable models, ethical considerations, and bridging the gap between research and clinical implementation. This literature survey serves as a valuable reference for researchers, healthcare professionals, and developers in their pursuit of accurate liver segmentation and advancing medical image analysis.
Journal Article