Explore the vast range of titles available.

Ferroelectric materials, the charge equivalent of magnets, have been the subject of continued research interest since their discovery more than 100 years ago. The spontaneous electric polarization in these crystals, which is non-volatile and programmable, is appealing for a range of information technologies. However, while magnets have found their way into various types of modern information technology hardware, applications of ferroelectric materials that use their ferroelectric properties are still limited. Recent advances in ferroelectric materials with wurtzite and fluorite structure have renewed enthusiasm and offered new opportunities for their deployment in commercial-scale devices in microelectronics hardware. This Review focuses on the most recent and emerging wurtzite-structured ferroelectric materials and emphasizes their applications in memory and storage-based microelectronic hardware. Relevant comparisons with existing fluorite-structured ferroelectric materials are made and a detailed outlook on ferroelectric materials and devices applications is provided. This Review presents the most recent ferroelectric materials with wurtzite structure and emphasizes applications in memory and storage-based microelectronic hardware.

The microscope-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a special technique of direct myocardial revascularization by the operating microscope using special equipment and atraumatic sutures. This method allows to complete elimination of technical errors during the performance of distal anastomoses and can be used to improve the outcomes and quality of conventional technique of operations. This article focuses on a detailed description of the technique for performing a distal anastomosis using a microsurgical technique and an operating microscope. Immediate results of operations are also reported. The data obtained suggest that microscope-assisted CABG is a safe, effective and reproducible procedure.

Phase change materials can be switched rapidly and repeatedly between amorphous and crystalline phases, which differ distinctly in their optical and electrical properties. This combination of properties is utilized to store information in rewritable optical storage media and in emerging phase change memory technology. This article describes the physical properties of phase change materials such as Ge2Sb2Te5 and relates these properties to specific structural and bonding characteristics. Electrical conduction and switching, which are relevant for phase change memory operation, are explained from a physical perspective. Phase change memory device integration and technology development are discussed, including aspects of access device selection and integration.

Abstract The microscope-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a special technique of direct myocardial revascularization by the operating microscope using special equipment and atraumatic sutures. This method allows to complete elimination of technical errors during the performance of distal anastomoses and can be used to improve the outcomes and quality of conventional technique of operations. This article focuses on a detailed description of the technique for performing a distal anastomosis using a microsurgical technique and an operating microscope. Immediate results of operations are also reported. The data obtained suggest that microscope-assisted CABG is a safe, effective and reproducible procedure.

The theory of similarity for wind-driven seas is applied to the physical analysis of the problem of sea state bias (SSB) in altimetry measurements. Dimensionless wave steepness and pseudo-age derived from altimetry measurements are expected to provide {physically relevant and accurate enough} SSB estimates. Analysis of Jason-1,2,3 and SARAL/AltiKa data within the approach shows the similarity and robustness of SSB distributions re-casted onto space of wave pseudo-age and steepness. This result is considered as a ground for developing a new parametric model of SSB and for analysis of underlying physical effects.

We present a phenomenological theory of filamentary resistive random access memory (RRAM) describing the commonly observed features of their current-voltage characteristics. Our approach follows the approach of thermodynamic theory developed earlier for chalcogenide memory and threshold switches and largely independent of their microscopic details. It explains, without adjustable parameters, such features as the domains of filament formation and switching, voltage independent current in SET and current independent voltage in RESET regimes, the relation between the set and reset voltages, filament resistance independent of its length, etc. Furthermore, it expresses the observed features through the material and circuitry parameters thus paving a way to device improvements.

The flammability of various materials used in industry is an important issue in the modern world. This work is devoted to the study of the effect of flame retardants, graphene and DDM-DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-4,4′-diamino-diphenyl methane), on the flammability of glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (GFRER). Samples were made without additives and with additives of fire retardants: graphene and DDM-DOPO in various proportions. To study the flammability of the samples, standard flammability tests were carried out, such as thermogravimetric analysis, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, and cone calorimetry. In addition, in order to test the effectiveness of fire retardants under real fire conditions, for the first time, the thermal structure of downward flame propagation over GFRER composites was measured using thin thermocouples. For the first time, the measured thermal structure of the flame was compared with the results of numerical simulations of flame propagation over GFRER.

External quantum efficiency of industrial-grade green InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been measured in a wide range of operating currents at various temperatures from 13 K to 300 K. Unlike blue LEDs, the efficiency as a function of current is found to have a multi-peak character, which could not be fitted by a simple ABC-model. This observation correlated with splitting of LED emission spectra into two peaks at certain currents. The characterization data are interpreted in terms of non-uniformity of the LED active region, which is tentatively attributed to extended defects like V-pits. We suggest a new approach to evaluation of temperature-dependent light extraction and internal quantum efficiencies taking into account the active region non-uniformity. As a result, the temperature dependence of light extraction and internal quantum efficiencies have been evaluated in the temperature range mentioned above and compared with those of blue LEDs.

This study proposes a methodology to maximize income using a novel Customer Potential Index (CPI) to optimize production programs in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) engaged in customized manufacturing. The research addresses the gap in existing systems that fail to integrate long-term customer value into production planning. Using regression analysis of accounting reports from 33 clients, we developed a CPI model to predict repeat order likelihood. This index was integrated into a mixed-integer linear programming framework that jointly maximizes current marginal profit, projected CPI-based revenue growth, and minimizes opportunity costs from order postponement. In a real-world case with 11 competing orders, the CPI-based optimization identified a high-potential client with a predicted CPI for a higher-margin but low-potential order, resulting in a better strategic allocation of constrained resources. The model was tested using the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) metrics and was well represented. The novelty of this research lies in bridging customer analytics and production scheduling without proprietary customer relationship management data and using artificial intelligence (AI), while making advanced planning accessible to resource-constrained SMEs.