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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a growing global challenge, representing the most common neurodegenerative disorder and affecting millions of lives. As life expectancy continues to rise and populations expand, the number of individuals coping with the cognitive declines caused by AD is projected to double in the coming years. By 2050, we may see over 115 million people diagnosed with this devastating condition. Unfortunately, while we currently lack effective cures, there are preventative measures that can slow disease progression in symptomatic patients. Thus, research has shifted toward early detection and intervention for AD in recent years. With technological advances, we are now harnessing large datasets and more efficient, minimally invasive methods for diagnosis and treatment. This review highlights critical demographic insights, health conditions that increase the risk of developing AD, and lifestyle factors in midlife that can potentially trigger its onset. Additionally, we delve into the promising role of plant-based metabolites and their sources, which may help delay the disease’s progression. The innovative multi-omics research is transforming our understanding of AD. This approach enables comprehensive data analysis from diverse cell types and biological processes, offering possible biomarkers of this disease’s mechanisms. We present the latest advancements in genomics, transcriptomics, Epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, including significant progress in gene editing technologies. When combined with machine learning and artificial intelligence, multi-omics analysis becomes a powerful tool for uncovering the complexities of AD pathogenesis. We also explore current trends in the application of radiomics and machine learning, emphasizing how integrating multi-omics data can transform our approach to AD research and treatment. Together, these pioneering advancements promise to develop more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies soon.

Phytoextraction presents a promising alternative for desalinating saline environments. Our study investigated the phytoremediation efficiency and ion uptake mechanisms of Chenopodium quinoa (Quinoa) and Triticum aestivum (wheat) in response to salt stress. The plants were subjected to NaCl-induced salinity levels of 5, 10, and 15 dS m⁻ 1 in a hydroponic system, and we measured the remediation efficiency for sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride ions. The solutions incubated with wheat plants exhibited higher ion concentrations than those with quinoa. Chenopodium showed significantly higher bioaccumulation of ions (Mg 2 ⁺, Ca 2 ⁺, Na⁺, Cl⁻, K⁺) in its roots and leaves compared to Triticum . Chenopodium demonstrated greater ion uptake efficiency than Triticum . Under control conditions, both plants effectively contributed to desalination, as indicated by their translocation factor values. In contrast, Chenopodium showed higher TF under salt stress than Triticum for the measured ions. Salinity did not significantly affect potassium accumulation in quinoa shoots, which helped maintain membrane integrity compared to wheat. The analysis of the oxidative status revealed that wheat accumulated higher levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation, especially in the roots. The activities of antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbic peroxidase, and glutathione reductase showed a significant increase in the roots and leaves of Chenopodium under salt stress, providing essential protection against reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Additionally, the increase in leaf area and dry weight in quinoa indicates a more significant accumulation of ions at higher concentrations, demonstrating its superior phytoremediation efficiency compared to wheat.