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Based on ethnographic work at the Kaʻala Farm Cultural Learning Center on the island of Oʻahu, this paper explores the role land-based cultural revitalization plays in the healing of the aboriginal people of Hawai'i or Kanaka Maoli (“true human being”) under prolonged colonization and occupation. Since its inception in the late 1970s when the teachers and students of a Hawaiian alternative school began the restoration of the ancient kalo (taro) terrace as part of its educational activities, Kaʻala Farm has served the larger community in facilitating land based cultural learning through participation in traditional kalo farming. The research focuses on the process of healing at Kaʻala’ Farm observed by the Kaʻala Farm directors and staff and the coordinators of the programs for elementary school students, at risk high school students, early college students, college students, and survivors of substance abuse and incarceration. Based on the data collected through interview and participant observation methods in their interface with previous research in other aboriginal communities, the paper identifies the significant factors in the healing process as follows: cultural protocol, practices and values, place and ecosystem-based knowledge, reconnection with ancestors in various forms, and spirituality. Through Kaʻala Farm’s pedagogical and communal farming activities, the participants experience a spontaneous self-directed discovery of aboriginal cultural values and cosmology as a process of holistic healing. The research finds that such an organic process of self-discovery allows the participants to reconnect with the wholeness of life, overcoming the social and existential fragmentation wrought by colonization and belligerent occupation.

The expansion of the polyglutamine tract in ATXN1 contributes to the pathogenesis of SCA1. ATXN1 functions as a transcriptional regulator that interacts with multiple transcription factors, and transcriptional dysregulation has been observed in SCA1. In addition, splicing dysregulation has been identified in cells derived from SCA1 patients and model mouse tissues. Although ATXN1 binds to RNA and splicing factors, its direct involvement in pre-mRNA splicing remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that ATXN1 regulates the alternative splicing of several minigenes. Using an Mbnl1 minigene, we found that neither expansion nor deletion of the polyglutamine tract affected ATXN1-mediated splicing regulation. Deletion analysis revealed that its splicing regulatory activity involves a central region of ATXN1, the AXH domain, and a nuclear localization signal in the C-terminal region. The AXH domain alone failed to exhibit splicing regulatory activity, whereas the central region demonstrated weak but significant splicing regulation. Full regulatory function required at least one of these regions, suggesting their redundant role in splicing modulation. Importantly, we newly identified the central region as mediating RNA binding. These findings suggest a novel role for ATXN1 in alternative splicing, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying SCA1 pathogenesis.

Background/Objectives: TREM2 is a transmembrane receptor highly expressed in microglia and macrophages, and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease, obesity, and cancer has garnered significant attention. Although its biological function has been actively investigated, the mechanisms by which its expression is regulated remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we aimed to identify transcription factors that modulate TREM2 expression among those reported to be expressed in microglia. Methods: We inserted a 5 kb upstream region of TREM2 into a luciferase reporter vector. This construct was co-expressed with 15 transcription factors, and the TREM2 transcriptional activity was evaluated using luciferase assays. The most promising transcription factor was subsequently knocked down in HMC3 cells, which are derived from human microglia, to assess its effect on endogenous TREM2 expression. Results: Among the 15 transcription factor candidates tested, SPI1 (PU.1), MAFB, CEBPA, ZEB2, and SALL1 most strongly enhanced TREM2 transcriptional activity. ZEB2 was prioritized due to its limited study in microglia and higher co-expression with TREM2. In HMC3 cells, ZEB2 knockdown reduced both TREM2 mRNA and protein levels. Further analysis using domain-deleted mutants of ZEB2 indicated that the zinc finger domains are essential for its transcriptional activity. Analysis using truncated mutants of the TREM2 upstream region suggests that ZEB2 acts on multiple sites within this region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation also suggested an interaction between ZEB2 and the upstream region of TREM2. Conclusions: This study novelly suggests ZEB2 as a transcription factor that promotes TREM2 expression. Further investigation into the role of ZEB2 in various TREM2-associated diseases is warranted.

We shall explain here an idea to generalize classical complex analytic Kleinian group theory to any odd-dimensional cases. For a certain class of discrete subgroups of$\\text{PGL}_{2n+1}(\\mathbf{C})$acting on$\\mathbf{P}^{2n+1}$, we can define their domains of discontinuity in a canonical manner, regarding an$n$-dimensional projective linear subspace in$\\mathbf{P}^{2n+1}$as a point, like a point in the classical one-dimensional case. Many interesting (compact) non-Kähler manifolds appear systematically as the canonical quotients of the domains. In the last section, we shall give some examples.

Half of the book is dedicated to reconstructing an enormous body of biographic information about J Dilla into a coherent narrative based on his family history, personal life history, and the social history of Detroit. The uniqueness of Charnas' approach to the subject matter is the juxtaposition of the author's past as a professional in the hip-hop music industry \"as a talent scout, record executive, and beatmaker\" and journalist and his more recent history as a professor at the Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music at the New York University Tisch School of Arts (Charnas 2022, xii). Since the discovery of J Dilla's beats by Q-Tip of A Tribe Called Quest in 1994 facilitated by J Dilla's mentor, Amp Fidler, his sound aesthetic has permeated into hip-hop, pop, jazz, and beyond. While J Dillas time signature may not be exclusively the result of non-quantization, as Charnas suggests, non-quantization is the prerequisite for the singularization of the sound aesthetic in the lifeworld of beatmakers. | Dilla himself reflected on this in his interview with P3 Soul in 2003, acknowledging Amp Fidler, a Detroit-based session musician who toured with George Clinton's P-Funk, as his mentor on how to work the MPC or Akai Sampling Machine: When [Fidler] taught me, he taught me how I would teach the next person. ...

We shall explain here an idea to generalize classical complex analytic Kleinian group theory to any odd dimensional cases. For a certain class of discrete subgroups of \\(\\PGL_{2n+1}(\\C)\\) acting on \\(\\P^{2n+1}\\), we can define their domains of discontinuity in a canonical manner, regarding an \\(n\\)-dimensional projective linear subspace in \\(\\P^{2n+1}\\) as a point, like a point in the classical \\(1\\)-dimensional case. Many interesting (compact) non-K\"ahler manifolds appear systematically as the canonical quotients of the domains. In the last section, we shall give some examples.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of keratoconus using deep learning of the colour-coded maps measured with the swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).DesignA diagnostic accuracy study.SettingA single-centre study.ParticipantsA total of 304 keratoconic eyes (grade 1 (108 eyes), 2 (75 eyes), 3 (42 eyes) and 4 (79 eyes)) according to the Amsler-Krumeich classification, and 239 age-matched healthy eyes.Main outcome measuresThe diagnostic accuracy of keratoconus using deep learning of six colour-coded maps (anterior elevation, anterior curvature, posterior elevation, posterior curvature, total refractive power and pachymetry map).ResultsDeep learning of the arithmetical mean output data of these six maps showed an accuracy of 0.991 in discriminating between normal and keratoconic eyes. For single map analysis, posterior elevation map (0.993) showed the highest accuracy, followed by posterior curvature map (0.991), anterior elevation map (0.983), corneal pachymetry map (0.982), total refractive power map (0.978) and anterior curvature map (0.976), in discriminating between normal and keratoconic eyes. This deep learning also showed an accuracy of 0.874 in classifying the stage of the disease. Posterior curvature map (0.869) showed the highest accuracy, followed by corneal pachymetry map (0.845), anterior curvature map (0.836), total refractive power map (0.836), posterior elevation map (0.829) and anterior elevation map (0.820), in classifying the stage.ConclusionsDeep learning using the colour-coded maps obtained by the AS-OCT effectively discriminates keratoconus from normal corneas, and furthermore classifies the grade of the disease. It is suggested that this will become an aid for improving the diagnostic accuracy of keratoconus in daily practice.Clinical trial registration number000034587.