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"Katz, Gil A"
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Discussion of “Secretly Attached, Secretly Separate”
As background to my discussion of Michal Talby-Abarbanel's rich and evocative case presentation, I will present and expand on the contemporary Freudian concept of enactment. The term was introduced into the psychoanalytic lexicon by Ted Jacobs (1986) over two decades ago and continues to generate a large, productive literature on the subject (e.g., Chused, 1991; Jacobs, 1991b, 1993a, 1994, 1997, 2001b; Johan, 1992; McLaughlin, 1987, 1991, 1993; Renik, 1993; Roughton, 1993; Smith, 1993a, 1993b, 1997). More recently, I introduced the concept of the “enacted dimension of analytic process” (Katz, 1998, 2002). As I will now further explicate, I prefer thinking in terms of a dimension of experience, because the word “enactment” has the connotation of a discrete, behavioural event, whereas the essence of what needs to be conceptualized is a dynamically evolving, unconscious process.
Book Chapter
News in brief
[Ann Petter] arrived at Ben-Gurion Airport on June 23. Petter refused a police request to return to the United States and has been held at the airport pending a court hearing on her petition to have the order rescinded, the lawyer said. Police had determined that Petter was a threat to Israel's security and had denied her entry, an Interior Ministry spokeswoman said. Petter is affiliated with the International Solidarity Movement, Berda said. ISM is a pro- Palestinian group whose members often place themselves between Israeli forces and Palestinians to try to stop the IDF from carrying out operations. (AP)
Newspaper Article
Three children killed in IAF missile strike in Gaza. ; Top terrorist wounded Abbas calls to stop Kassam attacks
Three Palestinian children were killed Tuesday night during a botched IAF missile strike on a car driving in the crowded Jabalya refugee camp in the northern Gaza Strip. An additional 13 Palestinians were wounded in the missile strike, which the IDF said had targeted an Aksa Martyrs Brigades terror cell. IDF sources said that the Aksa terror cell targeted Tuesday night was in the midst of planning several different terror attacks against Israel and was involved in [Kassam] rocket fire on the western Negev. The IDF expressed regret for the harm caused to innocent civilians but stressed that it would continue targeting terror cells in the Gaza Strip. \"Chairman [Mahmoud Abbas] called on all military groups in Gaza to stop launching rockets at Israel and to fully comply with the truce with Israel,\" said Abbas aide Nabil Abu Rdeneh. \"Chairman Abbas holds any group and any faction that violates the truce fully responsible for the destruction and demolitions and victims that will result because of any Israeli imminent aggression.\"
Newspaper Article
Quantum Thermodynamics in Strong Coupling: Heat Transport and Refrigeration
The performance characteristics of a heat rectifier and a heat pump are studied in a non-Markovian framework. The device is constructed from a molecule connected to a hot and cold reservoir. The heat baths are modelled using the stochastic surrogate Hamiltonian method. The molecule is modelled by an asymmetric double-well potential. Each well is semi-locally connected to a heat bath composed of spins. The dynamics are driven by a combined system–bath Hamiltonian. The temperature of the baths is regulated by a secondary spin bath composed of identical spins in thermal equilibrium. A random swap operation exchange spins between the primary and secondary baths. The combined system is studied in various system–bath coupling strengths. In all cases, the average heat current always flows from the hot towards the cold bath in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics. The asymmetry of the double well generates a rectifying effect, meaning that when the left and right baths are exchanged the heat current follows the hot-to-cold direction. The heat current is larger when the high frequency is coupled to the hot bath. Adding an external driving field can reverse the transport direction. Such a refrigeration effect is modelled by a periodic driving field in resonance with the frequency difference of the two potential wells. A minimal driving amplitude is required to overcome the heat leak effect. In the strong driving regime the cooling power is non-monotonic with the system–bath coupling.
Journal Article
Matrix-based imaging through dynamic scattering
Noninvasive optical imaging through complex scattering media presents a major challenge across multiple fields. State-of-the-art techniques, such as reflection matrix decomposition and neural networks, rely on multiple measurements with varying illumination within the sample decorrelation time, making their application challenging in rapidly varying dynamic media. Here, we show that due to commutativity property of the convolution operation, dynamic scattering in isoplanatic imaging is mathematically analogous to varying illumination in static media. This insight allows leveraging matrix-based approaches developed for static scattering to rapidly varying dynamic media. Specifically, we show that the covariance matrix of a set of scattered light camera frames captured through a dynamic scattering sample has the same mathematical form as the reflection matrix of a static medium, with the target object playing the scattering medium’s role. We demonstrate this concept by high-resolution diffraction-limited imaging through dynamic scattering across multiple modalities, from incoherent fluorescence microscopy to coherence-gated holographic reflection imaging.
A matrix-based imaging method enables high-resolution imaging through dynamic scattering by exploiting a mathematical equivalence to static media, allowing state-of-the-art methods to recover images from a few frames in coherent and incoherent setups.
Journal Article
Heat Shock Factor 1-dependent extracellular matrix remodeling mediates the transition from chronic intestinal inflammation to colon cancer
In the colon, long-term exposure to chronic inflammation drives colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. While the causal and clinical links are well established, molecular understanding of how chronic inflammation leads to the development of colon cancer is lacking. Here we deconstruct the evolving microenvironment of CAC by measuring proteomic changes and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization over time in a mouse model of CAC. We detect early changes in ECM structure and composition, and report a crucial role for the transcriptional regulator heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in orchestrating these events. Loss of HSF1 abrogates ECM assembly by colon fibroblasts in cell-culture, prevents inflammation-induced ECM remodeling in mice and inhibits progression to CAC. Establishing relevance to human disease, we find high activation of stromal HSF1 in CAC patients, and detect the HSF1-dependent proteomic ECM signature in human colorectal cancer. Thus, HSF1-dependent ECM remodeling plays a crucial role in mediating inflammation-driven colon cancer.
Expression and activation of Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in cancer associated fibroblasts have been associated with protumorigenic functions. Here the authors show that, in a model of colitis-induced colorectal cancer, HSF1 is activated in stromal fibroblasts in the early stages of inflammation, leading to extracellular matrix remodelling that sustains tumor initiation and progression.
Journal Article
A consensus-based process identifying physical therapy and exercise treatments for patients with degenerative meniscal tears and knee OA: the TeMPO physical therapy interventions and home exercise program
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is prevalent and often associated with meniscal tear. Physical therapy (PT) and exercise regimens are often used to treat OA or meniscal tear, but, to date, few programs have been designed specifically for conservative treatment of meniscal tear with concomitant knee OA. Clinical care and research would be enhanced by a standardized, evidence–based, conservative treatment program and the ability to study the effects of the contextual factors associated with interventions for patients with painful, degenerative meniscal tears in the setting of OA. This paper describes the process of developing both a PT intervention and a home exercise program for a randomized controlled clinical trial that will compare the effectiveness of these interventions for patients with knee pain, meniscal tear and concomitant OA.
Methods
This paper describes the process utilized by an interdisciplinary team of physical therapists, physicians, and researchers to develop and refine a standardized in-clinic PT intervention, and a standardized home exercise program to be carried out without PT supervision. The process was guided in part by Medical Research Council guidance on intervention development.
Results
The investigators achieved agreement on an in-clinic PT intervention that included manual therapy, stretching, strengthening, and neuromuscular functional training addressing major impairments in range of motion, musculotendinous length, muscle strength and neuromotor control in the major muscle groups associated with improving knee function. The investigators additionally achieved agreement on a progressive, protocol-based home exercise program (HEP) that addressed the same major muscle groups. The HEP was designed to allow patients to perform and progress the exercises without PT supervision, utilizing minimal equipment and a variety of methods for instruction.
Discussion
This multi-faceted in-clinic PT program and standardized HEP provide templates for in-clinic and home-based care for patients with symptomatic degenerative meniscal tear and concomitant OA. These interventions will be tested as part of the Treatment of Meniscal Tear in Osteoarthritis (TeMPO) Trial.
Trial registration
The TeMPO Trial was first registered at
clinicaltrials.gov
with registration No. NCT03059004 on February 14, 2017. TeMPO was also approved by the Institutional Review Board at Partners HealthCare/Brigham and Women’s Hospital.
Journal Article