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Purpose/problem. Telephone nursing care (TNC) has replaced some home visits to increase efficiency of The Ottawa Hospital Antenatal Home Care Program (AHCP). There is limited published research addressing TNC in similar settings to guide program development. Therefore, chose an evaluation strategy to explore the clients' the researchers and organization perceptions of TNC. Objectives. (1) Perform a systematic literature review of TNC in the high risk antenatal population. (2) Profile high risk antenatal population receiving telephone nursing care. (3) Describe clients' perceptions of telephone nursing care. (4) Explore the feasibility of this methodology for continuous program evaluation and informing development and improvement. Method. A mixed methods approach was used. Two surveys and a semi-structured interview were completed by 13 participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and constant comparative analysis. Results. Sample was similar to the population in diagnosis, maternal and fetal outcomes. Anxiety scores were high and women identified the highest needs related to high risk pregnancy, psychological and information domains. Four main themes emerged: the experience of being at home, perceptions of the telephone care, perceived benefits, and perceived health systems issues.

To determine incidence and risk for preventable opportunistic infections (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia [PCP] and disseminated Mycobacterium avium—complex [MAC] infection) in persons whose CD4+ T lymphocyte counts had increased by ⩾100 cells/µL to exceed the threshold of risk and in persons whose CD4+ counts had never dropped below the threshold of risk, we analyzed data collected during the period 1990–1998 in the Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) Disease Project. Using a counting-process formulation of the Cox model, we analyzed observation time in these 2 groups for persons who were prescribed antiretroviral therapy but not prophylaxis. The incidences of the infections were low for patients whose CD4+ count rose above the threshold of risk (PCP, 0.6 cases per 100 person-years [PY]; MAC, 1.0 cases per 100 PY) and not higher than in persons whose CD4+ counts had not decreased below these thresholds, which suggests that discontinuation of primary prophylaxis for opportunistic infections may be considered for some patients.