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This review manuscript examines magnetic nanocatalysts and their pivotal role in forming carbon‐sulfur (C−S) and carbon‐selenium (C−Se) bonds. The study delves into the latest advancements in the synthesis, characterization, and application of magnetic nanocatalysts, highlighting their unique advantages, including enhanced catalytic activity, superior selectivity, and easy recovery through magnetic separation, which align with the principles of green chemistry. Through a critical analysis of recent research findings, this review also explores the mechanistic pathways facilitated by these nanocatalysts, offering insights into their operational efficiency and potential for recyclability. The manuscript aims not only to catalog the current achievements in this burgeoning field but also to identify challenges and propose future directions for developing more efficient, sustainable, and versatile catalytic systems for C−S and C−Se bond formation. By encompassing a broad spectrum of magnetic nanocatalysts, ranging from bare magnets to functionalized and composite materials, this review is a comprehensive resource for researchers engaged in organic synthesis, catalysis, and sustainable chemistry. This review manuscript provides an exhaustive examination of magnetic nanocatalysts and their pivotal role in the formation of carbon‐sulfur (C−S) and carbon‐selenium (C−Se) bonds. The study delves into the latest advancements in the synthesis, characterization, and application of magnetic nanocatalysts, highlighting their unique advantages, including enhanced catalytic activity, superior selectivity, and easy recovery through magnetic separation, which align with the principles of green chemistry.

The sulfoxidation of sulfides have received special attention in organic synthesis especially in medical chemistry because compounds containing S=O bonds (sulfoxides) are privileged structural scaffolds for building pharmacologically and biologically active molecules. Magnetic separation is an efficient strategy for the rapid separation of catalysts from reaction medium and an alternative to time-, solvent-, and energy-consuming separation techniques. In recent times, many protocols based on using magnetically recoverable nano-catalysts have been reported for the oxidation of sulfides to the sulfoxides. This review is focused on metal complexes, acid, and bromine reagents supported on magnetic nanoparticles and their applications as magnetically recoverable nano-catalysts in the sulfoxidation reactions.

Heterocycles are a vital class of compounds in numerous fields, including drug discovery, agriculture, and materials science. Efficient methods for the synthesis of heterocycles remain critical for meeting the demands of these industries. Recent advances in multicomponent reactions (MCRs) utilizing 2‐aminobenzothiazole (ABT) have shown promising results for the formation of heterocycles. The versatility of 2‐aminobenzothiazole in this context has enabled the rapid and efficient construction of diverse heterocyclic structures. Various synthetic methodologies and reactions involving 2‐aminobenzothiazole are discussed, highlighting its importance as a valuable building block in the synthesis of complex heterocycles. The potential applications of these heterocycles in drug discovery and material science are also explored. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in the field and offers insights into the future directions of this promising area of study. We highlight the potential of ABT as a versatile and sustainable starting material in heterocyclic synthesis via MCRs, with significant implications for the chemical industry. This review highlights recent advances in multicomponent reactions using 2‐aminobenzothiazole as a starting material in the synthesis of diverse heterocycles. These reactions enable the efficient and sustainable construction of novel bioactive molecules and pharmaceuticals. The current significance of these methodologies in modern organic chemistry is discussed, along with future perspectives. The review summarizes literature published from 2017 through early 2024.

N -aryl amides hold significant importance in organic chemistry due to their widespread presence in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and various bioactive compounds. As a result, catalysts and preparation methodologies for amide derivatives have long been a target of active investigation of interest. In the current work, a simple and accessible route was adopted for preparation of a magnetic catalyst [Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -DHB/DI(S-NH)-Pd (0)] and then its catalysis in three-component amide synthesis via carbonylation reaction between aryl iodides and amines was examined. In experiments, its efficiency in producing a range of amides with high yields in a short and under mild conditions was unequivocally confirmed, and its efficiency in producing a range of amides with high yields in a short and under mild conditions was confirmed unequivocally through experiments. High yields of the desired compound ease in catalyst separation, high reusability of catalysts, mild reaction conditions, ease in accommodation of a range of substrates, and a thorough analysis for determination of the catalyst and produced compounds for characterization and purification have been taken as key features of this work. Graphical Abstract

This research introduces the preparation and analysis of a newly heterogeneous catalyst developed silica nanospheres supporting a ferrocene‐containing ionic liquid (IL) (SiO2@Benzothiazole‐Cl@Fc) for the A3 coupling reaction. The catalyst facilitates the efficient synthesis of 1,3,5‐trisubstituted pyrazoles from aromatic hydrazides, aldehydes, and aromatic alkynes. Incorporating ferrocene enhances the catalytic activity. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including NMR, Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, confirm the successful functionalization of silica nanospheres. The catalytic performance was evaluated under various reaction conditions, demonstrating high yields and selectivity for the desired pyrazole products. This work highlights the potential of ferrocene‐based ILs in green chemistry applications, providing a sustainable approach to synthesizing valuable heterocyclic compounds. This research introduces the preparation and analysis of a newly heterogeneous catalyst developed silica nanospheres supporting a ferrocene‐containing ionic liquid (SiO2@Benzothiazole‐Cl@Fc) for the A3 coupling reaction. The catalyst facilitates the efficient synthesis of 1,3,5‐trisubstituted pyrazoles from aromatic hydrazides, aldehydes, and aromatic alkynes.

Since quinolin-4(1H)-one derivatives are very important in medicinal chemistry due to their unique structure and diverse biological properties, the development of new methods and catalytic systems for the synthesizing of these compounds is of great importance. In this regard, we presented an attractive, general, applicable, green, and efficient procedure for preparing various derivatives of quinoline-4(1H)-ones, in which palladium nanocomposite [Fe.sub.3O.sub.4@SiO.sub.2-Diol-Phen-Pd(0)] was used as a reusable magnetic catalyst. Three-component reactions of various derivatives of heteroaryl alkynes reacted well with nitrobenzene, and Cr(CO).sub.6 was well catalyzed by Fe.sub.3O.sub.4@SiO.sub.2-Diol-Phen-Pd(0) nanocomposite using KOAc in water/PEG and the desired quinoline-4 (1H)-one derivative were afforded with very satisfactory results. The water played a very important role in this reaction because it made the nitro functional group easily convert to the amine group, and the reaction was carried out more efficiently. With respect to the previous methods that have been reported, this method is superior to other methods due to the significant features. The synthesis of products can achieve higher yields when reactions are performed in a water/PEG solvent system within a timeframe of under two hours. This catalytic system is versatile and can be applied to a broad spectrum of substrates. Additionally, it allows for easy separation of the catalyst from the reaction mixture, ensuring high reusability of the catalyst for multiple cycles.

Since quinolin-4(1H)-one derivatives are very important in medicinal chemistry due to their unique structure and diverse biological properties, the development of new methods and catalytic systems for the synthesizing of these compounds is of great importance. In this regard, we presented an attractive, general, applicable, green, and efficient procedure for preparing various derivatives of quinoline-4(1H)-ones, in which palladium nanocomposite [Fe.sub.3O.sub.4@SiO.sub.2-Diol-Phen-Pd(0)] was used as a reusable magnetic catalyst. Three-component reactions of various derivatives of heteroaryl alkynes reacted well with nitrobenzene, and Cr(CO).sub.6 was well catalyzed by Fe.sub.3O.sub.4@SiO.sub.2-Diol-Phen-Pd(0) nanocomposite using KOAc in water/PEG and the desired quinoline-4 (1H)-one derivative were afforded with very satisfactory results. The water played a very important role in this reaction because it made the nitro functional group easily convert to the amine group, and the reaction was carried out more efficiently. With respect to the previous methods that have been reported, this method is superior to other methods due to the significant features. The synthesis of products can achieve higher yields when reactions are performed in a water/PEG solvent system within a timeframe of under two hours. This catalytic system is versatile and can be applied to a broad spectrum of substrates. Additionally, it allows for easy separation of the catalyst from the reaction mixture, ensuring high reusability of the catalyst for multiple cycles. Graphical

Since quinolin-4(1H)-one derivatives are very important in medicinal chemistry due to their unique structure and diverse biological properties, the development of new methods and catalytic systems for the synthesizing of these compounds is of great importance. In this regard, we presented an attractive, general, applicable, green, and efficient procedure for preparing various derivatives of quinoline-4(1H)-ones, in which palladium nanocomposite [Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -Diol-Phen-Pd(0)] was used as a reusable magnetic catalyst. Three-component reactions of various derivatives of heteroaryl alkynes reacted well with nitrobenzene, and Cr(CO) 6 was well catalyzed by Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -Diol-Phen-Pd(0) nanocomposite using KOAc in water/PEG and the desired quinoline-4 (1H)-one derivative were afforded with very satisfactory results. The water played a very important role in this reaction because it made the nitro functional group easily convert to the amine group, and the reaction was carried out more efficiently. With respect to the previous methods that have been reported, this method is superior to other methods due to the significant features. The synthesis of products can achieve higher yields when reactions are performed in a water/PEG solvent system within a timeframe of under two hours. This catalytic system is versatile and can be applied to a broad spectrum of substrates. Additionally, it allows for easy separation of the catalyst from the reaction mixture, ensuring high reusability of the catalyst for multiple cycles. Graphical Abstract

The widespread use of catalysts in chemistry in the current century, especially in multicomponent reactions, has led researchers to design catalysts with high catalytic power and which can be recycled. In recent years, most scientists and researchers of chemical science have become interested in magnetic nanocatalysts and used them to perform chemical reactions. Due to the magnetic property of this nanocatalyst, it can be separated and collected from the reaction mixture by a magnet after the reaction is complete and reused. Pyrano-pyrimidines are a group of heterocyclic compounds and important pharmaceutical compounds. Pyrano-pyrimidine derivatives are of great interest due to the wide role they play in biological activities. During the past years, various methods for the synthesis of pyrano-pyrimidines based on the use of magnetic nanocatalysts have been reported. In this review article, for the first time, we would like to focus on the reported non-magnetic materials as magnetically recoverable nanocatalysts for the synthesis of pyrano-pyrimidine derivatives. Considering the wonderful features of magnetic nanocatalysts such as simple separation and preparation, high catalytic activity and stability, we expect more articles on the synthesis of heterocycles using this type of catalyst to be published in the near future.