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With the increasing focus on science education, growing attention is being paid to how science is taught. Educators in science and science-related disciplines are recognizing that distance delivery opens up new opportunities for delivering information, providing interactivity, collaborative opportunities and feedback, as well as for increasing access for students. This book presents the guidance of expert science educators from the US and from around the globe. They describe key concepts, delivery modes and emerging technologies, and offer models of practice. The book places particular emphasis on experimentation, lab and field work as they are fundamentally part of the education in most scientific disciplines. Chapters include: Discipline methodology and teaching strategies in the specific areas of physics, biology, chemistry and earth sciences. An overview of the important and appropriate learning technologies (ICTs) for each major science. Best practices for establishing and maintaining a successful course online. Insights and tips for handling practical components like laboratories and field work. Coverage of breaking topics, including MOOCs, learning analytics, open educational resources and m-learning. Strategies for engaging your students online.

Synthetic, structural, and spectroscopic investigations of novel classes of neutral compounds, containing a hexacoordinate ($\\lambda\\sp6$) phosphorus center, derived from varieties of homo or hetero atomic chelating systems have been undertaken. Representative $\\lambda\\sp6$-phosphorus systems are shown below (I-III). Characterization of these compounds, by multinuclear NMR, infrared, and mass spectroscopies coupled with key x-ray crystallographic structures, has shown them to have six-coordinate geometry around phosphorus.(DIAGRAM, TABLE OR GRAPHIC OMITTED...PLEASE SEE DAI) The chemical and spectroscopic properties of these compounds are described. These compounds display a characteristic low-frequency (high field) chemical shift ($-$130 to $-$205 ppm), in their $\\sp{31}$P NMR spectra, compared to their pentacoordinate ($\\lambda\\sp5$) precursors ($-$35 to$-$80 ppm). Remarkably, these compounds resist simple substitutions at phosphorus (with such reagents as (CH$\\sb3)\\sb4$Sn, (CH$\\sb3)\\sb3$SiSi(CH$\\sb3)\\sb3$, N(Si(CH$\\sb3)\\sb3)\\sb3$, and CF$\\sb3$CH$\\sb2$OH), but readily hydrolyze to form corresponding phosphoryl (P=O) compounds. Finally, both the substitutions of the ligands around phosphorus and modifications of the chelating ligand have revealed several trends. For example, in some of these $\\lambda\\sp6$-phosphorus compounds, decreasing the basicity of chelating atoms by electron withdrawing groups increases the fluxionality of the compound. In addition to chelating atom basicity, the role of such factors as substituent electron-withdrawing ability and steric hindrance around the central atom in forming $\\lambda\\sp6$-phosphorus compounds are discussed.