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Dementia is a progressive disorder that affects how the brain works, and in particular the ability to remember, think, and reason. It affects speech, mood, mobility, behavior, and how people perceive and respond to the world around them. Contemporary approaches to understanding dementia encourage society to think about how people can live well in their communities. These approaches focus on ensuring that people with dementia see the diagnosis not as the end of their life, but rather as the beginning of a new chapter of their life. This study explores how arts events specifically tailored for people with dementia can help those with a dementia diagnosis to live well after their diagnosis. In this study, we have undertaken qualitative research in the form of semistructured interviews with festival organizers and event managers in order to understand the value of arts festivals and events in the context of dementia care. In this article, we present areas of best practice within the Arts and Culture sector and offer recommendations for improvement in how festival and event managers make their arts events accessible and a positive experience for those living with dementia. The key theoretical contribution of this article is the proposition of a theoretical framework that explores dementia arts events as they relate to a palliative model on relationship-centered care for people living with dementia-the \"Senses Framework\"-and we apply this framework from social care in an arts events context.

The recent practice of planting broad-leaved trees at wide spacing (3 × 3 m) in Britain has generated debate concerning the effects of initial spacing on early growth (up to 5 years old) and form. The experiments described investigated the effects of spacing on the early growth of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) using two replicate Nelder experiments at two sites, with spacings in the range 0.77-4.86 m. In both experiments, height, stem diameter, and stem volume decreased with increasing spacing; at one site, shoot and root dry mass also showed the same trend. These results suggest that better growth at closer spacings may be a silvicultural characteristic of ash. Analysis of the data showed that there was no intraspecific competition, and a number of hypotheses were examined that may explain the observed results.

Maintenance of ploidy in sexually reproducing organisms requires a specialized form of cell division called meiosis that generates genetically diverse haploid gametes from diploid germ cells. Meiotic cells halve their ploidy by undergoing two rounds of nuclear division (meiosis I and II) after a single round of DNA replication. Research in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) has shown that four major deviations from the mitotic cell cycle during meiosis are essential for halving ploidy. The deviations are (1) formation of a link between homologous chromosomes by crossover, (2) monopolar attachment of sister kinetochores during meiosis I, (3) protection of centromeric cohesion during meiosis I, and (4) suppression of DNA replication following exit from meiosis I. In this review we present the current understanding of the above four processes in budding yeast and examine the possible conservation of molecular mechanisms from yeast to humans.

Large scale implies \"manufacturing\" and suggests FDA oversight. * Hospitals operate under Joint Commission and Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services accreditation and therefore implement many medication use programs and safeguards including antimicrobial stewardship, pharmacy and therapeutics committees, formularies, quality improvement, and risk-management committees. * Evidence-based, industry-endorsed, standardized assessment process tools with statistically validated scoring/weighting methodology are essential and must be specific to the setting under review, with respect to sterile and non-sterile compounding. * There is widespread and growing concern over existing accreditation processes and bodies, not only over products like the pharmaceuticals but also over services like air testing and media fill vendors.

The first field experiment in the world to use a randomized experimental design was established by the Forestry Commission in March 1929 at Cwm Du in Beddgelert Forest, North Wales. The design of the experiment had been supplied by Sir Ronald Fisher based on his pioneering work at Rothamsted. The objective of the experiment was to study the influence of exposure and suitability for different tree species on exposed ground that was marginal for agriculture. Two species were planted (pure Sitka spruce and JL), and there were also three mixture treatments, each of which included two species. The experiment was assessed up to 1951 and survived until 1984 when the top part of the experiment was felled to improve the landscape of the area; some lower parts lasted until 2004. The two main results from the experiment were that the treatment that performed best for timber production was pure Sitka spruce and there was a clear reduction in survival and growth with increasing altitude (411–555 m). These results corroborated those of other studies and were quickly incorporated into silvicultural practice in Britain. As a result, the need for a published article describing the results from the study receded, which is perhaps surprising considering the historical importance of the experiment. The aim of this article is to present the results of the experiment for the first time and consider its legacy for the development of silvicultural practice in Britain.

To the Editor: Poon et al. (May 6 issue) 1 describe the successful use of bar codes to reduce the error rate in order transcription and medication administration. We observed similar results at our 653-bed facility, Baystate Medical Center, during a 6-month pilot evaluation of bar-code point of care in three nursing units from April 2008 through September 2008. Before hospital-wide implementation of the program, self-reported medication errors totaled 1.2 per 1000 patient days, according to the University HealthSystem Consortium's Patient Safety Net. During the pilot program, challenges in implementing the technology were identified, since rates of bar-code scanning reached only . . .

Recently continuous cover forestry (CCF) has become an accepted approach to forest management in Britain, but uncertainty about its economic consequences may be a barrier to its wider use. A study was carried out to examine the costs and revenues of transforming a stand of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) to CCF. The main conclusion is that transformation to CCF need not be more costly than clearfelling and replanting if natural regeneration is successful and the aim is to produce a simple canopy structure. The long-term value of transformation to a more complex canopy structure, with three or more strata, is lower and the extra costs need to be justified in terms of management objectives. The main output from the study is an analysis spreadsheet that empowers practitioners and policy makers to investigate the effects of costs, revenues and discount rates on estimates of net present value over 20 years, 100 years and in perpetuity, to suit local conditions. This paper summarises the method and results of the study in a British context, sets these in a wider international context, and considers the merits, applications and possible further developments of the approach.

PurposeIn this paper, the authors explore how Edinburgh's key Festivals have adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic. Their response presents the emergence of more innovative festival delivery models and a different imagining of the festival space.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a qualitative mixed methods research design involving 13 in-depth semi-structured interviews with Edinburgh's Festival Directors and other cultural and policy stakeholders as part of a University-funded stand-alone research project. The interviews were supplemented with participant observation at festivals virtually and in-person to experience new and emerging formats of festival content delivery, adherence to Scottish Government guidelines on COVID-19 safety, and to experience attending festivals during a pandemic.FindingsThe authors present findings on how Edinburgh's Festivals have responded to Covid-19 and how they have adapted – and in some cases reimagined – their business models to survive.Originality/valueThe authors propose a new theoretical framework that establishes a model for how festivals can approach risk management within their business model, focused on the ‘3R's’ – respond, resilience and reimagine –with communication and support being central to this framework.

European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) was the first true fir to be introduced to Britain in 1603. Despite early enthusiasm for the species, it has not been widely planted and work on the effects of silver fir woolly aphid (Adelges nordmannianae Eckstein) in the mid-twentieth century concluded that large scale use of the species could not be justified. This was interpreted as a research challenge and resulted in the establishment of a series of provenance experiments being established between 1966 and 1970. Results from these experiments after 46 years clearly show that European silver fir is a productive species and could be deployed in British forests as a component to diversify species composition and in the wider use of continuous cover forestry. In general, the trials show that good provenances survive and grow on a wide range of sites and it is not necessary to select different provenances depending on site location or climate. Provenances from Calabria in Italy performed very well and should be the first choice of origin for future planting in Britain. However, provenances from a wide range of the species natural distribution performed well demonstrating that European silver fir is a very adaptable species.

Dementia is a progressive disorder that affects how the brain works, and in particular the ability to remember, think and reason. It affects speech, mood, mobility, behavior and how people perceive and respond to the world around them. Contemporary approaches to understanding dementia encourage society to think about how people can live well in their communities. These approaches focus on ensuring that people with dementia see the diagnosis not as the end of their life, but rather as the beginning of a new chapter of their life. This study explores how arts events specifically tailored for people with dementia can help those with a dementia diagnosis to live well after their diagnosis. In this study, we have undertaken qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews with festival organisers and event managers in order to understand the value of arts festivals and events in the context of dementia care. In this paper, we present areas of best practice within the Arts and Culture sector and offer recommendations for improvement in how festival and event managers make their arts events accessible and a positive experience for those living with dementia. The key theoretical contribution of this paper is the proposition of a theoretical framework that explores dementia arts events as they relate to a palliative model on relationship-centred care for people living with dementia – the ‘Senses Framework’ – and we apply this framework from social care in an arts events context.