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Background To evaluate computed tomography (CT) patterns of post-SBRT lung injury in lung cancer and identify time points of serial CT changes. Materials and methods One hundred eighty-three tumors in 170 patients were evaluated on sequential CTs within 29 months (median). Frequencies of post-SBRT CT patterns and time points of initiation and duration were assessed. Duration of increase of primary lesion or surrounding injury without evidence of local recurrence and time to stabilization or local recurrence were evaluated. Results Post-SBRT CT patterns could overlap in the same patient and were nodule-like pattern (69%), consolidation with ground glass opacity (GGO) (41%), modified conventional pattern (39%), peribronchial/patchy consolidation (42%), patchy GGO (24%), diffuse consolidation (16%), “orbit sign” (21%), mass-like pattern (19%), scar-like pattern (15%) and diffuse GGO (3%). Patchy GGO started at 4 months post-SBRT. Peribronchial/patchy consolidation and consolidation with GGO started at 4 and 5 months respectively. Diffuse consolidation, diffuse GGO and orbit sign started at 5, 6 and 8 months respectively. Mass-like, modified conventional and scar-like pattern started at 8, 12 and 12 months respectively. Primary lesion ( n  = 11) or surrounding injury ( n  = 85) increased up to 13 months. Primary lesion ( n  = 119) or surrounding injury ( n  = 115) started to decrease at 4 and 9 months respectively. Time to stabilization was 20 months. The most common CT pattern at stabilization was modified conventional pattern (49%), scar-like pattern (23%) and mass-like pattern (12%). Local recurrence ( n  = 15) occurred at a median time of 18 months. Conclusion Different CT patterns of lung injury post-SBRT appear in predictable time points and have variable but predictable duration. Familiarity with these patterns and timeframes of appearance helps differentiate them from local recurrence.

Background Double chambered right ventricle (DCRV) is a relatively rare congenital heart disease, characterized by the abnormal division of the right ventricle into a high-pressure inlet and low-pressure outlet by anomalous muscle bundles. Extra-cardiac right-to-left shunts may present with clinical symptoms in adulthood and should be sought in patients with previous cavo-pulmonary shunt procedures. Case presentation We report a case of DCRV in a 29 year old Caucasian male presenting in adulthood with a right-to-left shunt secondary to venous collaterals, following cavopulmonary anastomosis for congenital pulmonary atresia and hypoplastic right ventricle. Conclusion Multimodality cardiac imaging using echocardiography, cardiac CT, cardiac MRI and cardiac catheterization is often required for complete characterization of complex congenital heart anomalies in adulthood.

Retinoblastoma protein (pRb) restricts cell cycle progression, inhibits apoptosis, and promotes cell differentiation in part by regulating the transcription of genes specific to these processes. Our lab identified human SSU72 (hSSU72) as a novel pRb-binding transcription factor. The yeast orthologue, ySSU72, interacts with TFIIB, RNAPII, and components of CPF, suggesting it functions in transcription initiation and 3′ end processing. Here, I demonstrate that ySSU72:TFIIB interaction is conserved in mammals and that binding appears to require hSSU72 residues 124–194. In addition, pRb:hSSU72 interaction does not depend on the LXCXE motif of hSSU72. However, interaction does require multiple pRb domains, including the B subdomain and C-terminal region, whereby deletion of both domains significantly decreased pRb:hSSU72 interaction. These physical associations suggest hSSU72 may have similar functions to ySSU72 and that pRb could potentially regulate expression of certain genes by effecting transcription initiation and/or mRNA 3' end processing through its interaction with hSSU72.