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Rhabdomyolysis (RML) arises from the breakdown of muscle tissue, leading to the release of intracellular components into the bloodstream and potentially causing multi-organ failure. Multiple drugs have been reported to cause RML. We present here a rare instance of erythromycin-triggered RML in a patient who was not on any other potential RML-inducing medications. A 25-year-old male presented to the ED complaining of a tingling sensation and increased dyspnea with muscle aches. He took erythromycin over the counter for two days before. On presentation, diffuse muscle tenderness was found, and the vitals showed tachycardia and tachypnea. Labs showed elevated creatinine, peaking at 10.1, and elevated creatine kinase (CK) peaking at 1.2 million. He was treated in ICU with aggressive fluid resuscitation. Then he required dialysis due to fluid overload and not responding to diuretics. Extensive workup failed to find a cause for RML. This represents only the second documented instance of erythromycin-induced RML in a patient who is not concurrently using any other myotoxic medications. Before attributing the patient's condition to the erythromycin he was taking, it was essential to rule out the typical triggers of RML. Every physician must be familiar with the symptoms and prevalent triggers of RML.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, offering durable responses across multiple malignancies. However, these agents can trigger severe immune‐related adverse events (irAEs), including drug‐induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), which often necessitates treatment discontinuation. While management guidelines for irAEs are well established, the safety and feasibility of ICI rechallenge after resolution of severe hematologic toxicities remain poorly understood. We herein present a case of pembrolizumab‐induced warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia that was successfully rechallenged with dostarlimab. In this case report, we describe a 66‐year‐old female with a history of stage III C2 endometrial cancer who is status post total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy, and omentectomy. She had completed six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin. At her 12‐month follow‐up, elevated CA‐125 levels and imaging (CT Abdomen Pelvis with PET/CT) indicated possible disease recurrence at the vaginal cuff. A subsequent vaginal biopsy confirmed relapse and recurrence of endometrioid adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation. Given that the tumor is MMR deficient, the patient was started on pembrolizumab along with carboplatin and paclitaxel. However, after the third cycle, she developed IgG‐positive warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, attributed to pembrolizumab, leading to the discontinuation of the drug. She was treated with steroids, resulting in the resolution of her AIHA, and was then re‐challenged with dostarlimab and is showing promising results thus far. Our case demonstrates that rechallenge with alternative immune checkpoint inhibitors may be feasible in selected patients who have experienced immune‐related adverse events. However, this decision requires careful consideration of multiple factors, including the type and severity of the initial immune‐related adverse event, the potential consequences of recurrence, and the availability of alternative treatment options.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common, debilitating side effect of cancer treatment. Characterized by symptoms like pain, numbness, and muscle weakness, CIPN significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. Current management strategies vary, with limited consensus on effective treatments. This scoping review aims to explore comprehensive rehabilitation interventions for CIPN, focusing on enhancing patient well-being and functional abilities. Methods: A scoping review, guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and Levac et al.’s refinements, was conducted to assess rehabilitation programs for CIPN. Searches across six databases were performed, with inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on studies with physical rehabilitation interventions. Data were charted, detailing interventions, demographics, and outcomes. Results were synthesized descriptively and presented narratively with tables. Results: The review included 24 studies covering diverse cancer types and treatments, involving a total of 1167 participants. Various interventions for CIPN were assessed, and results were thematically categorized according to exercise category. Physical modalities like ultrasound and exercise showed promise in symptom relief for colorectal and breast cancer patients. No distinct advantage was found in the timing of exercise interventions. Complementary therapies such as acupuncture and yoga demonstrated effectiveness in managing CIPN symptoms. Conclusions: This review highlights the effectiveness of diverse physical and complementary interventions in managing CIPN, advocating for their integration into standard protocols. It emphasizes the need for holistic, patient-centered approaches that combine exercises, physical therapy, and complementary therapies to improve patient outcomes. These findings set a direction for future research and clinical practices focused on comprehensive and personalized CIPN management strategies.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of non-cancer-related mortality in cancer patients. Understanding how demographic factors and cancer types influence VTE risk is critical for developing prevention strategies. This study investigates the incidence of VTE in a large cancer patient population, focusing on gender, race, and differences between solid and hematological malignancies. Methods: Data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database were used to identify cancer patients diagnosed with acute VTE. The patients were divided into those with solid and hematological cancers. Key demographic and clinical characteristics were collected, and patients were matched 1:1 using propensity scoring. Statistical analyses, including logistic regression, assessed VTE incidence and its associations with demographic and cancer type variables. A p-value of <0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results: Out of 1,233,832 cancer patients, 63,505 (5.1%) were diagnosed with acute VTE. Females had a higher VTE rate than males (5.5% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001). Racial disparities showed Black patients with the highest incidence (6.4%), followed by White patients (5%). Patients with solid malignancies exhibited a significantly higher incidence of VTE compared to those with hematological malignancies (5.4% vs. 4.1%; p < 0.001), with lung cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma mostly associated with VTE. Conclusions: This study identifies demographic and cancer-specific differences in VTE risk, emphasizing the need for personalized prevention. High-risk groups, including those with solid tumors, females, and Black patients, may benefit from targeted strategies to reduce the burden of VTE and improve cancer outcomes.

Nivolumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) that treats various malignancies. Although ICIs have proven efficacious, they can also have detrimental side effects. We present a case of nivolumab-induced quadriparesis mimicking Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient with stage III squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the pharynx with a chronic tracheostomy, who presented after being found unconscious at home. He later developed acute kidney failure, requiring dialysis, and bilateral weakness of his upper and lower extremities. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) with minimal improvement. Nivolumab-induced quadriparesis is very threatening and can be fatal if inappropriately managed. Therefore, we strongly advocate for a multidisciplinary team and early corticosteroid prescription to monitor patients on nivolumab therapy to prevent adverse clinical outcomes.

Municipal solid wastes are daily generated refuses from different sources that contains various composition that may affect public health as well as the environment. The aim of this study is to analyze the ultimate composition of municipal solid waste in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. The study was conducted on 22 samples that were collected from the 15thcampaign of waste characterization at Al Amerat landfill in February 2015. Different size fractions of less than 8 mm up to 100 mm were used as well as 11 waste categories samples.At the same time two different sets of leachate samples were used in this study, the first set was collected on March 2015 and the second set was collected on April 2015. Each set consists of two type of leachate, a relatively fresh leachate collected from the pond inlet and the older leachate samples were collected from the leachate pond.The analysis of this study was done for physical characteristics of MSW (composition of waste, moisture content and density), as well as the approximate analysis of chemical characteristics(moisture content, volatile content, loss on ignition and total oxides) and the Ultimate Analysis (CHNS/O analysis, chemical content, heavy metals, heating value and energy content).The leachate characteristics were also analyzed (pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total solid, bacteriological analysis, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) and Ammonia Nitrogen).The main composition of the waste generated were 24% plastic wraps, 14% cardboard and 8% food which accounted 46% of total characterized sample weight. More than 40% of disposed materials at Al Amerat landfill consisted of biodegradable organic components. These materials are being landfilled without any form of treatment. Based on the results obtained, this study is recommending a 'Waste to Energy' program in the near future as the waste of the landfill has an energy content of more than 22,000 kJ/kg. The content of the waste was presented in a chemical formula with sulfur C215H395O120N2S and without sulfur C125H230O70N.

Surface and viscous forces play a major role in the flow characteristics of fluids in petroleum reservoirs, hence, in the recovery of hydrocarbons. In reservoir engineering, surface forces are expressed by the interfacial tension (IFT) between different co-existing phases and the contact between the reservoir rock and in-situ fluids; whereas viscous forces are expressed by the viscosity of the flowing phases. The determination of these properties are essential in planning, management and operation of reservoirs for optimum recovery.Novel techniques based on the characteristics of gas-liquid interface have been developed and employed for measuring the liquid-vapour-solid contact angle and IFT of various binary and real reservoir fluids. The results show that the contact angle remains fairly constant for a wide range of IFT values and then decreases as the fluid approaches its critical region. A generalised correlation between the contact angle and IFT was developed and evaluated using the generated data.A systematic investigation of viscosity of pure compounds at various pressure and temperature levels indicated the need to include both structural and thermal effects for accurate viscosity prediction of dense fluids. A residual viscosity method has been modified to include the above effects and its reliability for calculating viscosity of mixtures has been demonstrated. Furthermore a model to predict the viscosity enhancement at near-critical conditions has been developed and tested against measured data at such conditions.A methodology has been developed to determine the viscosity and IFT of the original reservoir fluid from samples contaminated by drilling fluids. The method, which relies on retrieving the original fluid composition and fluid property predictive models, has been tested for a large number of volatile oil and gas condensate samples contaminated at different levels with satisfactory results.

Low dielectric loss and low-cost recycled borosilicate (BRS) glass-reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites were fabricated for microwave substrate applications. The composites were prepared through a dry powder processing technique by dispersing different micron sizes (25 µm, 45 µm, 63 µm, 90 µm, and 106 µm) of the recycled BRS filler in the PTFE matrix. The effect of the filler sizes on the composites’ thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties was studied. The dielectric properties of the composites were characterised in the frequency range of 1–12 GHz using an open-ended coaxial probe (OCP) connected to a vector network analyser (VNA). XRD patterns confirmed the phase formation of PTFE and recycled BRS glass. The scanning electron microscope also showed good filler dispersion at larger filler particle sizes. In addition, the composites’ coefficient of thermal expansion and tensile strength decreased from 12.93 MPa and 64.86 ppm/°C to 7.12 MPa and 55.77 ppm/°C when the filler size is reduced from 106 μm to 25 μm. However, moisture absorption and density of the composites increased from 0.01% and 2.17 g/cm3 to 0.04% and 2.21 g/cm3. The decrement in filler size from 106 μm to 25 μm also increased the mean dielectric constant and loss tangent of the composites from 2.07 and 0.0010 to 2.18 and 0.0011, respectively, while it reduced the mean signal transmission speed from 2.088 × 108 m/s to 2.031 × 108 m/s. The presented results showed that PTFE/recycled BRS composite exhibited comparable characteristics with commercial high-frequency laminates.

The preparation of chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and the optimization of epoxy resins’ properties using micro or nanofillers are now common practices. rGO nanoparticles (60 nm) based on an epoxy resin polymer were prepared at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% weight percentage with fixed 6-mm thicknesses. The dielectric properties of the composites were measured by the reflection/transmission technique in connection with a vector network analyser (VNA) at a frequency range of 8–12 GHz. The microwave absorption and shielding effectiveness properties were calculated by using the reflection S11 and transmission S21 results. The microstructure and morphology of the polymer and the rGO/cured epoxy composites were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and the X-ray Diffraction (X-RD) technique for characterizing crystalline materials. The dielectric and other properties of the rGO/cured epoxy composites were investigated based on the filler load and frequency. It was found that the applied frequency and the filler concentrations affected the dielectric properties of the rGO/cured epoxy composites. The results showed that the introduction of rGO particles to the composites increased their dielectric properties smoothly. The study of the dependence on frequency of both the dielectric constant ε′ and the dielectric loss ε″ showed a decrease in both quantities with increasing frequency, indicating a normal behaviour of the dielectrics. Cole–Cole plots were drawn with ε′ and ε″. A theoretical simulation in terms of the Cole–Cole dispersion law indicates that the Debye relaxation processes in the rGO/cured epoxy composites are improved due to the presence of the rGO filler. Moreover, with the addition of rGO as a filler into the Epoxy matrix, it now exhibits promise as a lightweight material for microwave absorption as well as an effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material.

Sciatica, a condition characterized by pain radiating from the buttock down the course of the lumbosacral nerve roots, is a common and often debilitating condition. While the reported prevalence and incidence vary due to differences in definitions and data collection methods, estimates suggest a significant burden on healthcare systems and economies worldwide. Sciatica is mostly caused by a herniated lumbar disc, resulting in nerve root compression and inflammation. Diagnosis relies on a combination of patient history and physical examination findings, with routine imaging not recommended unless specific underlying causes are suspected. Conservative management is the initial approach, focusing on patient education, advice to remain active, and exercise therapy. Spinal manual therapy may provide short-term benefits, but guideline recommendations vary due to the limited persuasiveness of evidence. Medication use for sciatica remains uncertain, as most medications provide limited additional benefits compared to placebo and carry the risk of significant side effects. Surgical intervention may be considered when conservative management fails to yield significant improvement, offering modest short-term benefits in pain relief and functional outcomes. Future research should focus on understanding the pathogenic role of inflammation, refining classification systems, and integrating clinical findings, biomarkers, and physical assessments to improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Optimizing physiotherapy care for sciatica requires a patient-centered approach that incorporates emerging evidence and addresses individual preferences to ensure effective and sustainable management.