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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes progressive neurological disability through demyelination of the central nervous system. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to increased MS risk and activity, with adequate levels shown to modulate immune responses. However, many MS patients exhibit resistance to high-dose Vitamin D therapy, often due to impaired Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) activation, limiting its therapeutic effectiveness and increasing the risk of side effects. This study explores the potential of natural Vitamin D analogs as safer and more effective alternatives for MS patients unresponsive to standard therapy. A ligand library of 317 Vitamin D analogs was curated using structure-based research from Pharmit and PubChem, emphasizing structural similarity to Vitamin D. Molecular docking was conducted to assess binding affinity to the VDR, followed by ADMET profiling to evaluate pharmacokinetic properties. Standard therapies for MS, such as interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate, are limited by incomplete responses and side effects. Complex 3 (BCP23832; CID 134692690) and Complex 5 (163217-09-2; CID 131954606) demonstrated the highest binding affinities to the VDR, with docking scores of − 12.2 kcal/mol and − 12.1 kcal/mol and corresponding inhibition constants (Ki) of 1.13 nM and 1.33 nM, respectively, showed high binding affinity, favorable gastrointestinal absorption, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. These compounds were further analyzed via 200 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which demonstrated strong and stable interactions with key VDR residues, such as ALA135 and HIS137. Both analogs formed consistent hydrogen bonds, exhibited low Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values, minimal Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF), and stable Solvent Accessible Surface Area (SASA), indicating robust ligand-receptor binding. Overall, these findings highlight Complex 3 and Complex 5 as promising natural Vitamin D analogs with potential to overcome limitations of high-dose Vitamin D therapy in MS. While computational results are encouraging, further experimental validation is essential to confirm their safety, efficacy, and therapeutic value in clinical settings.

IntroductionGarlic is an established antioxidant, owing its antioxidant property to a number of constituent sulfhydryl compounds, the most important of which is diallyl sulfide (DAS). Garlic and its constituents are known to protect against reactive oxygen species mediated damages by various toxicants including asbestos, a well known carcinogen. Present study is a first attempt to compare potential of crude garlic extract and DAS to protect against asbestos induced genotoxicity in vivo.Materials and MethodsFemale albino rats were exposed to Indian chrysotile asbestos intratracheally. Other groups of rats were exposed to chrysotile and either garlic or diallyl sulfide. We employed the micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations assays in the alveolar macrophages to analyze the genotoxicity of asbestos fibers.ResultsOur results indicate that both garlic extract as well as DAS, when administered to rats, significantly reduced genetic damages induced by asbestos, although the protection by garlic extract was much higher than that of DAS.ConclusionWe conclude two important outcomes; first, garlic extract provides more robust protection as compared to any of its isolated constituents and second, the macrophages can be used as a non-invasive tool for genotoxicity assessment after exposure through inhalation.

Building upon previous bibliometric studies, this analysis expands the dataset and refines analytical methods to offer deeper insights into spirituality in nursing education. Using bibliometric techniques with Scopus, VOSviewer, and R Studio, 1227 papers were analyzed to identify key author contributions, leading institutions, and international collaborations. A comprehensive co-word analysis of the top 100 most cited papers revealed evolving research dynamics, mapping at least 50 key terms through uni-gram, bi-gram, and tri-gram approaches. Based on keyword analysis and their frequency of appearance, a generalized theme emerged around the significance of spiritual care in healthcare. The findings emphasized spiritual care's significance, particularly in palliative and end-of-life care, with growing integration into nursing education. Research explored its impact on clinical practice, patient well-being, and nursing perceptions, as well as how academic training prepares students for spiritual care. Various studies examined its effects on patient outcomes, coping strategies, and assessment tools. Beyond spirituality, broader healthcare topics, including mental health and pediatric palliative care, were addressed. Challenges in nursing education and innovative teaching strategies were also explored. This study advances the bibliometric understanding of spirituality in nursing education by uncovering thematic shifts, strengthening research methodologies, and broadening the scope of analysis in spiritual and holistic care education.

Bibliometric research offers valuable insights into publication trends, citation dynamics, and research collaborations. The growing body of bibliometric literature reflects the dedication of numerous authors who have contributed significantly to our understanding of scientific progress. At the same time, the differences in methodology and scope can affect the depth and interpretation of findings. This review takes a closer look at bibliometric studies published in the Journal of Robotic Surgery , with an emphasis on appreciating the contributions of each work while also identifying opportunities for further enrichment in future analyses. Eleven bibliometric studies were examined to better understand the current approaches applied in this field. These works were reviewed across several dimensions, including publication volume, citation patterns, author productivity, institutional and national involvement, collaboration structures, and thematic development. The studies collectively provided a solid foundation by highlighting the basic indicators such as publication counts and total citations. While these contributions are valuable, the integration of more diverse impact metrics—such as the g-index or m-index—was less frequent. Temporal mapping of prolific authors, institutions, and countries was also limited, which may constrain the understanding of evolving research leadership over time. Some studies engaged in collaboration network analysis; however, there were relatively few attempts to explore the clustering patterns within these networks. Co-word analysis tended to focus on author keywords, with fewer efforts devoted to examining titles, abstracts, or thematic progression. Moreover, elements such as long-term trend analysis, regional disparities, and citation burst detection were not widely addressed. The efforts of researchers in this area are greatly appreciated and their work has laid an important groundwork for future bibliometric studies in robotic surgery. A thoughtful expansion of methodologies may deepen the impact of future research and further strengthen the value of bibliometric analysis in robotic surgery.