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In this paper, we propose a generalized class of exponential type estimators for estimating the finite population mean using two auxiliary attributes under simple random sampling and stratified random sampling. The bias and mean squared error (MSE) of the proposed class of estimators are derived up to first order of approximation. Both empirical study and theoretical comparisons are discussed. Four populations are used to support the theoretical findings. It is observed that the proposed class of estimators perform better as compared to all other considered estimator in simple and stratified random sampling.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to trace the trajectory of research done exclusively on the topic of Workplace Loneliness from 2006 to 2019. Based on the content analysis of 29 articles, this paper critically assesses, summarizes and consolidates the existing body of knowledge in the field of workplace loneliness. Design/methodology/approach This review is organized around five major themes – origin and the conceptual grounding of the construct; emergence of the concept of workplace loneliness, conceptualizations and overlap with the related constructs; measurement tools and techniques; analysis of its predictors, outcomes, mediators and moderators; and development of an integrated model specifying the nomological network of workplace loneliness for clarifying the current state of thinking and guiding future research in the area. Findings The concept of workplace loneliness started receiving attention from the year 2006 and gained momentum in 2016. The studies from wide range of countries show that workplace loneliness is not restricted to one geographical location but is a phenomenon that affects people and economies around the world. The review highlights the conceptualization and measurement challenges along with the need for theoretical development of the field. Further, the existing literature fails to provide a comprehensive picture of the predictors, underlying processes, contingencies and outcomes of workplace loneliness. Originality/value This study being one of the rare attempts to consolidate the existing body of knowledge on loneliness at work will provide academicians and practitioners with a comprehensive account of the state of research and development on an important and yet neglected issue of workplace loneliness.

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate protocol adherence and its impact on inpatient mortality in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at a tertiary hospital in Karachi. The major hypothesis was that adherence to the DKA protocol reduces inpatient mortality.DesignThis was a retrospective cohort study.SettingThe study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.ParticipantsThe study included patients diagnosed with DKA and admitted to AKUH from 2017 to 2021. Eligibility criteria included patients aged 18 and older, excluding those with incomplete records or referred to other hospitals.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was inpatient mortality. The analysis included Cox proportional hazards regression. Secondary outcome measures included predictors of mortality such as hypertension, intubation, tachycardia and elevated creatinine levels.ResultsNon-compliance with the DKA protocol (<70%) was associated with a significantly higher inpatient mortality rate (p=0.003). Survival analysis revealed a shorter median survival time for patients with <70% compliance (15 days versus 19 days, p<0.05). Multivariable analysis showed that non-compliance was an independent risk factor for adverse events (adjusted HR 1.37 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.86), p=0.04). Hypertension, intubation, tachycardia and elevated creatinine levels were significantly associated with increased mortality risk.ConclusionsAdherence to the DKA protocol is crucial for reducing inpatient mortality and improving outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Ensuring at least 70% compliance is vital. Recommendations include continuous training for healthcare providers, adequate staffing and resource optimisation. Future research should focus on interventions to boost compliance and explore other factors affecting protocol adherence to further enhance patient care.

The resonant interaction of a bunched particle beam with short-range wakefields is the cause of head-tail instability, which is a major limitation for single-bunch beam intensity in circular accelerators. There are several processes that suppress this type of instability, such as fast chromatic damping and Landau damping due to machine nonlinearity. Beam-based feedback systems (transverse dampers) provide active suppression of the beam oscillations. The combined effect of the transverse dampers and chromaticity is discussed in this article. A brief overview of theoretical and experimental studies of the head-tail instability and its mitigation is presented. Results of experimental studies of the transverse mode coupling carried out at National Synchrotron Light Source-II are compared with the theoretical model.

Purpose This study aims to examine perceived organizational politics (POP) as an antecedent to workplace gossip. While the commonly held belief is that POP is consequential to the existence of negative workplace gossip, an alternate hypothesis can be that POP may predict positive workplace gossip as well. The study further explores the role of compassion as a boundary condition in the relationship of POP with negative and positive valences of workplace gossip. Design/methodology/approach Using purposive sampling technique, the data were collected through time-lagged (two-wave) surveys from employees working in private (Study 1, n = 366) and public (Study 2, n = 206) sector organizations across India, and analyzed using SPSS AMOS 27 and PROCESS Macro (Model 1). Findings The results of Study 1 and Study 2 revealed that POP correlated positively with negative as well as positive workplace gossip. Further, it was found that compassion moderated the relationship of POP with negative workplace gossip but failed to moderate in the case of positive workplace gossip in both the studies. Practical implications This study makes practitioners aware of the ubiquity of the phenomenon of workplace gossip and encourages them to embrace gossip in the workplace rather than banishing it altogether. Originality/value This study delineates the link between POP and the valences of workplace gossip that remains unexplored in the literature. The study also takes into account the intervening role of compassion in the aforementioned relationships. The striking results of the study open new realms of research possibilities not only in the field of workplace gossip, but POP and compassion as well.

Streamflow prediction is vital to control the effects of floods and mitigation. Physical prediction model often provides satisfactory results, but these models require massive computational work and hydrogeomorphological variables to develop a prediction system. At the same time, data-driven prediction models are quick to apply, easy to handle, and reliable. This study investigates a new hybrid model, the wavelet bootstrap quadratic response surface, for accurate streamflow prediction. Wavelet analysis is a well-known time-frequency joint analysis technique applied in various fields like biological signals, vibration signals, and hydrological signals. The wavelet analysis is used to denoise the time series data. Bootstrap is a nonparametric method for removing uncertainty that uses an intensive resampling methodology with replacement. The authors analyzed the results of the studied models with different statistical metrics, and it has been observed that the wavelet bootstrap quadratic response surface model provides the most efficient results.

PurposeAlthough many probable consequences of workplace gossip have been featured prominently in the organizational behavior literature, existing research lags in identifying the possible causes behind it. In the present research, the authors aim to examine self-focused personality traits such as narcissism and core self-evaluation (CSE) as predictors of negative (NWG) and positive workplace gossip (PWG). In addition, the study tests the moderating influence of perceived organizational politics (POP) on the aforementioned relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a time lagged field study on a sample of 616 employees from various organizations across India. The proposed theoretical model was tested using structural equation modeling procedures in AMOS.FindingsNarcissism was found to relate significantly with NWG as well as PWG. CSE, on the other hand, showed significant association with NWG only. Further, POP was found to moderate the relationship between narcissism and PWG.Practical implicationsPresent study makes practitioners aware of the ubiquity of the phenomenon of gossip and encourages them to design and implement policies that cater to the needs of communication of employees. It also advises managers to carefully examine political scenario in the organization, and understand how it can be moulded for the betterment of employees as well as the organization.Originality/valueFirst, using social comparison theory, the authors introduce personality traits as predictors of NWG and PWG. Second, by exploring POP as the boundary condition, the authors take into account the most common yet unexplored factor that affects gossip behavior in the organizations.

The objective of the study was to check the effectiveness of concept formation teaching model over lecture method on the academic achievement of class nine chemistry students. The concept formation teaching model was based on the principles of advance organization, guided discovery, guided practice, elaboration, inductive and deductive reasoning, and experiential learning. For administering the concept formation teaching model, an experimental group in 143 students and a control group of 147 students were selected from three government high schools for boys and girls of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. At the beginning and end of the three month long experiment, pre-tests and post-tests were administered to the experimental and control groups. Direct instruction was used for the preparation of lesson plans. A t-test and product-moment correlation method and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to check the significance of the difference between two groups at .05 level. The result of the study revealed that the students taught through concept formation teaching model showed better performance than students taught through lecture method.

Introduction Our objective was to determine the severity frequency of coronary artery disease (CAD) in prediabetes patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) in a catheterization laboratory. Materials and methods This descriptive comparative study was conducted on patients who were planned for elective CAG in the hospital from January 2019 to November 2019. The study includes patients age ≥40 years undergoing elective CAG with or without percutaneous coronary intervention/percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. There were 458 patients (381 men and 77 women) in this study that were categorized into three groups on the basis on their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels: group I (n = 143) as non-diabetes, group II (n = 110) as prediabetes, and group III (n = 205) as diabetes. The severity of CAD was determined using the Gensini score. Results A total of 458 patients were included. Of these, 44.97% had hypertension; n = 36 (25.17%), n = 48 (43.63%), and n = 122 (59.51%) in group I, group II and group III, respectively (P = .0001). A total of 214 (46.72%) had a smoking history. There was a strong family history of CAD in group II (n = 29, 26.36%) and group III (n = 43, 20.98%). Group II and group III patients had a higher extension of CAD than group I (P = .01). Group II (n = 27, 41.54) and group III (n = 65, 50.39%) had a higher frequency of deployment of two stents compared to group I. Conclusion Coronary artery atherosclerosis disease increases parallel to the HbA1c severity and smoking. The present study emphasizes prediabetes as an independent risk factor for CAD.

The main trend in the decades-long evolution of synchrotron light sources is continuously increasing photon beam brightness demanded by the user community. Since reducing the electron beam emittance is a straightforward way to increase the brightness, new and upgraded synchrotron light sources are now based on the multi-bend achromat approach providing much lower emittance than synchrotrons of previous generations. For the high-brightness upgrade of NSLS-II, we designed a low-emittance lattice based on the novel concept of complex bends. Key advantages of this lattice are the use of permanent magnets reducing power consumption and compact magnet design providing longer straight sections for light-generating insertion devices. For this lattice, we estimated the lowest possible emittance at the operational beam intensity taking into account collective effects of beam dynamics.