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"Khan, Anwar"
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Abu Dhabi : a pictorial tour
This expansive photographic volume serves as a visual chronicle of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, capturing a period of monumental architectural and social transformation. Through a curated \"tour\" that spans the urban heart of the capital to the serene depths of the desert, Chris Berry and a team of eleven contributing photographers document the striking contrast between the emirate’s ancient Bedouin heritage and its status as a futuristic global hub.
BOOK
Direct kinetic measurements and theoretical predictions of an isoprene-derived Criegee intermediate
Isoprene has the highest emission into Earth’s atmosphere of any nonmethane hydrocarbon. Atmospheric processing of alkenes, including isoprene, via ozonolysis leads to the formation of zwitterionic reactive intermediates, known as Criegee intermediates (CIs). Direct studies have revealed that reactions involving simple CIs can significantly impact the tropospheric oxidizing capacity, enhance particulate formation, and degrade local air quality. Methyl vinyl ketone oxide (MVK-oxide) is a four-carbon, asymmetric, resonance-stabilized CI, produced with 21 to 23% yield fromisoprene ozonolysis, yet its reactivity has not been directly studied. We present direct kinetic measurements of MVK-oxide reactions with key atmospheric species using absorption spectroscopy. Direct UV-Vis absorption spectra from two independent flow cell experiments overlap with the molecular beam UV-Vis-depletion spectra reported recently [M. F. Vansco, B. Marchetti, M. I. Lester, J. Chem. Phys. 149, 44309 (2018)] but suggest different conformer distributions under jetcooled and thermal conditions. Comparison of the experimental lifetime herein with theory indicates only the syn-conformers are observed; anti-conformers are calculated to be removed much more rapidly via unimolecular decay. We observe experimentally and predict theoretically fast reaction of syn-MVK-oxide with SO₂ and formic acid, similar to smaller alkyl-substituted CIs, and by contrast, slow removal in the presence of water. We determine products through complementary multiplexed photoionization mass spectrometry, observing SO₃ and identifying organic hydroperoxide formation from reaction with SO₂ and formic acid, respectively. The tropospheric implications of these reactions are evaluated using a global chemistry and transport model.
Journal Article
Innovation, foreign direct investment (FDI), and the energy–pollution–growth nexus in OECD region: a simultaneous equation modeling approach
The paper proposes a new perspective in the environmental and resource economics literature by examining innovation (measured by R&D expenditures), FDI (measured by country–country technology transfer), and energy–environment–growth nexus. Using simultaneous equation modelling (SEMs), three econometric functions were formulated for production, energy consumption, and environmental pollution with GDP per capita, energy consumption, and CO2 emissions (CO2e) as dependent variables for twenty-four OECD economies for the period 1993 to 2014, respectively. The results failed to support the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in the OECD economies. At the same time, a two-way causality was observed between GDP per capita and energy consumption per capita, indicating that the pollution has not yet reached the maximum threshold. Moreover, the results unveiled that fossil-fuel consumption, innovation, and FDI were the primary sources of CO2e. The paper offers important implications for academics, policymakers, and identifies avenues for future research.
Journal Article
Does FDI foster technological innovations? Empirical evidence from BRICS economies
The idea behind the spillover effect of FDI on economic growth is based on the idea that multinational companies can bring technological innovation and rich knowledge to host countries. Therefore, FDI plays a vital role in technological innovations. This study aims to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the technological innovation of BRICS countries from 2000 to 2020. This study uses the latest econometric techniques, such as the cross-sectional dependence (CD) test, second-generation unit root tests, panel cointegration tests and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test. For long-run run estimation, this study uses the augmented mean group (AMG) panel estimator and the common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimator for empirical analysis. The findings of the study show that foreign direct investment (FDI), trade openness, economic growth, and research & development expenditure positively impact technological innovation in BRICS countries. Also, the model’s long-term causality and lagged error correction term (ECT) are significantly negative. Suggested policy measures will be helpful for BRICS economies in boosting technology innovation through FDI.
Journal Article
A field investigation of the relationship between rotating shifts, sleep, mental health and physical activity of Australian paramedics
Paramedics working on a rotating shift are at an increased risk of developing chronic health issues due to continuous circadian rhythm disruption. The acute effects of shift rotation and objectively measured sleep have rarely been reported in paramedics. This study investigated the relationships between a rotating shift schedule and sleep (using actigraphy), subjective reports of sleepiness, mood, stress and fatigue. Galvanic Skin Response, energy expenditure and physical activity (BodyMedia SenseWear Armband) were also recorded across the shift schedule. Paramedics were monitored for a period of eight consecutive days across pre-shift, day shift, night shift, and 2 days off. Fifteen paramedics (
M
age = 39.5 and
SD
= 10.7 years) who worked rotational shifts experienced sleep restriction during night shift compared to pre-shift, day shift and days off (
p
< 0.001). Night shift was also associated with higher levels of stress (
p
< 0.05), fatigue (
p
< 0.05), and sleepiness (
p
< 0.05). One day off was related to a return to pre-shift functioning. Such shift-related issues have a compounding negative impact on an already stressful occupation with high rates of physical and mental health issues. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate methods to reduce rotating shift burden on the health of paramedics. This could be through further research aimed at providing recommendations for shift work schedules with sufficient periods for sleep and recovery from stress.
Journal Article
Expansion of the Analytical Modeling of Capacitance for 1-N-1 Multilayered CID Structures with Monotonically Increasing/Decreasing Permittivity
Capacitive sensors that utilize the Coplanar Interdigitated (CID) electrode structure are widely employed in various technical and analytical domains, such as healthcare, infectious disease management, pharmaceuticals, metrology, and environmental monitoring. The present exigency for lab-on-a-chip contrivances and the requisite for the miniaturization of sensors have led to the widespread adoption of CID sensors featuring multiple dielectric layers (DLs), either in the form of substrates or superstrates. Previously, we derived an analytical model for the capacitance of CID capacitive sensors with four distinct 1-N-1 patterns (namely, 1-1-1, 1-3-1, 1-5-1, and 1-11-1) using partial capacitance (PC) and conformal mapping (CM) techniques. The aforementioned model has been employed in various applications wherein the permittivity of successive layers exhibits a monotonic decrease as one moves away from the electrode plane, resulting in highly satisfactory outcomes. Nevertheless, the PC technique is inadequate for structures with multiple layers where the permittivity exhibits a monotonic increase as the distance from the electrodes increases. Given these circumstances, it is necessary to adapt the initial PC method to incorporate these novel configurations. In this work, we have discussed a new approach, splitting the concept of PC into partial parallel capacitance (PPC) and partial serial capacitance (PSC), where new CM transformations are proposed for the latter case. Thus, the present study proposes a novel methodology to expand upon our prior analytical framework, which aims to incorporate scenarios where the permittivity experiences a reduction across successive layers. The outcomes are juxtaposed with the finite element simulation and analytical findings.
Journal Article
An Experimental Study On Usefulness Of Virtual Reality 360° In Undergraduate Medical Education
Various smartphone-based virtual reality (VR) applications allow the users to view 360° videos of real or simulated places. A 360° VR is captured with a special camera that simultaneously records all 360° of a scene unlike the standard video recording. An experimental study was conducted where 4th-year medical students participated in a workshop.
The study was conducted at College of Medicine (COM-J), King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 360° VR videos including, pre-briefing and debriefing sessions were held for the experimental group, whereas group two (control group) was provided with the interactive lecture. A total of 169 undergraduate medical students attend the 4th year at the College of Medicine (KSAU-HS) Jeddah.
The response rate was 88% for 169 participants, 57 (VR) and 112 (conventional method). The majority of students (93%) thought that VR can be used in medical education. Post-MCQs score (out of 20) was significantly higher in the VR group, when compared to the conventional group (17.4+2.1 vs 15.9+2.9, p-value <0.001). The OSCE score was also better with the VR group (12.9+4.1 vs 9.8+4.2, p-value <0.001). Overall rating of VR satisfaction experience showed a mean of 7.26 of 10.
VR provides a rich, interactive, and engaging educational context that supports experiential learning-by-doing. In fact, it raises interest and motivation for student and effectively supports knowledge retention and skills acquisition.
Journal Article
Investigation of Biofuel as a Potential Renewable Energy Source
An accelerating global energy demand, paired with the harmful environmental effects of fossil fuels, has triggered the search for alternative, renewable energy sources. Biofuels are arguably a potential renewable energy source in the transportation industry as they can be used within current infrastructures and require less technological advances than other renewable alternatives, such as electric vehicles and nuclear power. The literature suggests biofuels can negatively impact food security and production; however, this is dependent on the type of feedstock used in biofuel production. Advanced biofuels, derived from inedible biomass, are heavily favoured but require further research and development to reach their full commercial potential. Replacing fossil fuels by biofuels can substantially reduce particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, but simultaneously increase emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), resulting in debates concerning the way biofuels should be implemented. The potential biofuel blends (FT-SPK, HEFA-SPK, ATJ-SPK and HFS-SIP) and their use as an alternative to kerosene-type fuels in the aviation industry have also been assessed. Although these fuels are currently more costly than conventional aviation fuels, possible reduction in production costs has been reported as a potential solution. A preliminary study shows that i-butanol emissions (1.8 Tg/year) as a biofuel can increase ozone levels by up to 6% in the upper troposphere, highlighting a potential climate impact. However, a larger number of studies will be needed to assess the practicalities and associated cost of using the biofuel in existing vehicles, particularly in terms of identifying any modifications to existing engine infrastructure, the impact of biofuel emissions, and their chemistry on the climate and human health, to fully determine their suitability as a potential renewable energy source.
Journal Article
Enhancing Health Risk Prediction in Internet of Medical Things: Leveraging Association Rule Mining
Due to rapid advancements in the field of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), a continuous influx of health data is being generated at a large scale. The primary objective of IoMT solutions is to transmit critical health data from patients to remote locations in real-time. Apart from remote patient monitoring, the extensive collection of health data offers opportunities for uncovering noteworthy patterns and potential risks associated with future diseases. This study introduces a novel risk prediction approach, namely Association Rule Mining for Risk Prediction (ARMR), which integrates an IoMT framework with the emerging machine learning technique known as Association Rule Mining (ARM). The proposed scheme employs a dataset obtained from various hospitals. The findings demonstrate that ARMR effectively extracts rules to identify a patient's risk of heart disease by considering demographic, physiological, and lifestyle data. Moreover, intriguing, and unexpected patterns and associations in the disease data can be identified, aiding medical professionals in guiding diagnosis and treatment decisions more efficiently.
Journal Article