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Decoding the role of histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is key to understand the fundamental process of epigenetic regulation. This is well studied for PTMs of core histones but not for linker histone H1 in general and its ubiquitylation in particular due to a lack of proper tools. Here, we report on the chemical synthesis of site-specifically mono-ubiquitylated H1.2 and identify its ubiquitin-dependent interactome on a proteome-wide scale. We show that site-specific ubiquitylation of H1 at position K64 modulates interactions with deubiquitylating enzymes and the deacetylase SIRT1 . Moreover, it affects H1-dependent chromatosome assembly and phase separation resulting in a more open chromatosome conformation generally associated with a transcriptionally active chromatin state. In summary, we propose that site-specific ubiquitylation plays a general regulatory role for linker histone H1. While the role of specific posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is increasingly well understood for core histones, this is not the case for linker histone H1. Here the authors show that site-specific ubiquitylation of H1 results in distinct interactomes, regulates phase separation, and modulates assembly of chromatosomes.

Linker histone H1 plays a key role in chromatin organization and maintenance, yet our knowledge of the regulation of H1 functions by posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is rather limited. In this study, we report on the generation of site-specifically mono- and di-acetylated linker histone H1.2 by genetic code expansion. We used these modified histones to identify and characterize the acetylation-dependent cellular interactome of H1.2 by affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and show that site-specific acetylation results in overlapping, but distinct groups of interacting partners. Among these, we find multiple translational initiation factors and transcriptional regulators such as the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1, which we demonstrate to act on acetylated H1.2. Taken together our data suggests that site-specific acetylation of H1.2 plays a role in modulating protein-protein interactions.

Through its dependence on low symmetry crystal phases, ferroelectricity is inherently a property tied to the lower temperature ranges of the phase diagram for a given material. This paper presents conclusive evidence that in the case of ferroelectric AlScN, low temperature has to be seen as a purely relative term, since its ferroelectric-to-paraelectric transition temperature is confirmed to surpass 1100{\\deg}C and thus the transition temperature of virtually any other thin film ferroelectric. We arrived at this conclusion through investigating the structural stability of 0.4 - 2 \\({\\mu}\\)m thick Al\\(_{0.73}\\)Sc\\(_{0.27}\\)N films grown on Mo bottom electrodes via in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction and permittivity measurements. Our studies reveal the wurtzite-type structure of Al\\(_{0.73}\\)Sc\\(_{0.27}\\)N is conserved during the entire 1100{\\deg}C annealing cycle, apparent through a constant c over a lattice parameter ratio. In situ permittivity measurements performed up to 1000{\\deg}C strongly support this conclusion and include what could be the onset of a diverging permittivity only at the very upper end of the measurement interval. Our in situ measurements are well-supported by ex situ (scanning) transmission electron microscopy and polarization and capacity hysteresis measurements. These results confirm the structural stability on the sub-\\({\\mu}\\)m scale next to the stability of the inscribed polarization during the complete 1100{\\deg}C annealing treatment. Thus, AlScN is the first readily available thin film ferroelectric with a temperature stability that surpasses virtually all thermal budgets occurring in microtechnology, be it during fabrication or the lifetime of a device - even in harshest environments.

\\(\\bar K\\)-nuclear bound systems, kaonic nuclei, have been widely discussed as products of the strongly attractive \\(\\bar K N\\) interaction in \\(I = 0\\) channels. Recently, we demonstrated that kaonic nuclei can be produced via in-flight \\((K^-,N)\\) reactions using the low-momentum DC kaon beam at the J-PARC E15 experiment. We observed the simplest kaonic nuclei, \\(K^-pp\\), having a much deeper binding energy than normal nuclei. For further studies, we have proposed a series of experimental programs for the systematic investigation of light kaonic nuclei, from \\(\\bar K N\\) (\\(\\Lambda(1405)\\)) to \\(\\bar K NNNN\\). In the new experiment approved as J-PARC E80, we will measure the \\(\\bar K NNN\\) (\\(A=3\\)) system as a first step toward a comprehensive study.

An experiment addressing electron capture (EC) decay of hydrogen-like \\(^{142}\\)Pm\\(^{60+}\\) ions has been conducted at the experimental storage ring (ESR) at GSI. The decay appears to be purely exponential and no modulations were observed. Decay times for about 9000 individual EC decays have been measured by applying the single-ion decay spectroscopy method. Both visually and automatically analysed data can be described by a single exponential decay with decay constants of 0.0126(7) s\\(^{-1}\\) for automatic analysis and 0.0141(7) s\\(^{-1}\\) for manual analysis. If a modulation superimposed on the exponential decay curve is assumed, the best fit gives a modulation amplitude of merely 0.019(15), which is compatible with zero and by 4.9 standard deviations smaller than in the original observation which had an amplitude of 0.23(4).