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"Kilkey, Majella"
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Conditioning Family-life at the Intersection of Migration and Welfare: The Implications for ‘Brexit Families’
European Freedom of Movement (EFM) was central to the referendum on the UK's membership of the EU. Under a ‘hard’ Brexit scenario, it is expected that EFM between the UK and the EU will cease, raising uncertainties about the rights of existing EU citizens in the UK and those of any future EU migrants. This article is concerned with the prospects for family rights linked to EFM which, I argue, impinge on a range of families – so-called ‘Brexit families’ (Kofman, 2017) – beyond those who are EU-national families living in the UK. The article draws on policy analysis of developments in the conditionality attached to the family rights of non-EU migrants, EU migrants and UK citizens at the intersection of migration and welfare systems since 2010, to identify the potential trajectory of rights post-Brexit. While the findings highlight stratification in family rights between and within those three groups, the pattern is one in which class and gender divisions are prominent and have become more so over time as a result of the particular types of conditionality introduced. I conclude by arguing that, with the cessation of EFM, those axes will also be central in the re-ordering of the rights of ‘Brexit families’.
Journal Article
Creating New Understandings of Migration-Related Vulnerabilities Through Youth-Led Peer Research Using Intergenerational Focus Groups
Participatory research methods are particularly appropriate when working with marginalised groups in vulnerable conditions, including migrant youth who are widely seen as confronting a range of vulnerabilities. This article draws on research undertaken with migrant youth as peer-researchers, between 2020 and 2023 in England and Sweden, to explore how young people can learn from earlier generations in navigating vulnerabilities and to build knowledge across migration and ‘integration’ experiences over time. The reflections presented in this article are based on eight intergenerational focus groups, four in each country, involving five peer researchers, three in England and two in Sweden. By reflecting on our mutual experiences of conducting intergenerational focus groups facilitated by young peer researchers we contribute to debates around peer research and community-based participatory research methods more broadly. We suggest that our approach has potential for creating space for reflection over power and agency within the research process. By connecting the past, present and future in an intergenerational setting, possibilities to build knowledge in support of inclusive social change are enabled. The article contributes with reflections within a specific research context of vulnerabilities related to experiences of migration, but we believe that these reflections have potential to support the design of future research that aims to employ intergenerational focus groups for their specific research topic.
Journal Article
Gender, migration and domestic work : masculinities, male labour and fathering in the UK and USA
Based on studies conducted in the UK and USA, this book investigates the experiences of suppliers and consumers of masculinized domestic services, exploring issues such as increasing inequality, migration, the rise of commoditized domestic services, contemporary masculinities and the gendering of paid work.
eBook
Family life in an age of migration and mobility : global perspectives through the life course
In an age of migration and mobility many aspects of contemporary family life – from biological reproduction to marriage, from child-rearing to care of the elderly - take place against a backdrop of intensified movement across a range of spatial scales from the global to the local. This insightful book analyzes the opportunities and challenges this poses for families and for academic, empirical and policy understandings of 'the family' on a global level, including case studies from Europe, India, the Philippines, South Korea, the United States and Australia. With chapters on international reproductive tourism, transnational parenting, 'mail-order brides' and 'sunset migration', it examines the implications of migration and mobility for families at different stages of the life course. Moreover, it brings together leading international scholars to connect a fragmented field of research, and in so doing enables an interdisciplinary exchange, generating new insights for theory, policy and empirical analysis.
eBook
Lone Mothers Between Paid Work and Care: The Policy Regime in Twenty Countries
This title was first published in 2000. This is a study which compares and contrasts how lone mothers' relationships to paid work and care-giving are constructed across 20 countries, and with what outcomes for lone mothers' levels of economic well-being. In doing so, the book explores from an international perspective, the implications of the re-orientation of lone mothers' citizenship within the UK policy field from that of care-giver to paid worker. The volume engages with feminist comparative social policy literature concerned with specifying a construction of citizenship appropriate to capturing international variations in women's social rights. By incorporating social rights attached to paid work and care, as well as those which enable lone mothers to move between sequential periods of paid work and care-giving across the child-rearing cycle, the study makes a significant contribution to the literature.
eBook
Introduction: Domestic and Care Work at the Intersection of Welfare, Gender and Migration Regimes: Some European Experiences
Research over the last decade and more, has documented a resurgence of paid domestic and care labour (that is, work performed for pay in private households, such as household cleaning and maintenance and care for elders/disabled/children) across the Global North.1 Much of the research has revealed the increasing reliance on migrant, as opposed to home-state, domestic workers, and it has been suggested (Lutz, 2007: 4) that domestic and care work has contributed more than any other sector of the labour market to one of the key features of the ‘age of migration’ (Castles and Miller, 2009) – its feminisation. At the same time though, as Linton's (2002) research on immigrant-niche formation in the USA suggests, the availability of immigrants in itself, has probably contributed to the growth of the sector.
Journal Article
Lone Mothers Between Paid Work and Care: The Policy Regime in Twenty Countries: The Policy Regime in Twenty Countries
This title was first published in 2000. This is a study which compares and contrasts how lone mothers' relationships to paid work and care-giving are constructed across 20 countries, and with what outcomes for lone mothers' levels of economic well-being. In doing so, the book explores from an international perspective, the implications of the re-orientation of lone mothers' citizenship within the UK policy field from that of care-giver to paid worker. The volume engages with feminist comparative social policy literature concerned with specifying a construction of citizenship appropriate to capturing international variations in women's social rights. By incorporating social rights attached to paid work and care, as well as those which enable lone mothers to move between sequential periods of paid work and care-giving across the child-rearing cycle, the study makes a significant contribution to the literature.
eBook
OLDER MIGRANTS’ EXPERIENCES OF AGING IN PLACE IN HOSTILE AND AUSTERE TIMES
Drawing on data from in-depth qualitative interviews with 20 aging-in-place migrants, we explore how they are impacted by the combination of the austerity in welfare state provision and the hostility in migration policy that characterize English society. Informed by the feminist political economy concept of social reproduction, understood as reproducing the population, physically and affectively, in and outside their ‘productive’ working lives (Laslett and Brenner 1989), we find that our research participants are experiencing a ‘crisis of social reproduction’ (Fraser 2016), which strains their social reproductive capacities to breaking point. Our participants are a mix of people who arrived in the post-WW11 era from the British colonies as labor migrants, and people more recently arrived as refugees from conflict-affected parts of Africa. Despite those different migration histories, their current experiences are very similar; a finding we explain through a colonial lens. People who joined England’s ‘productive’ workforce from across the British Empire decades ago are now facing unmet social reproductive needs later in their lives. Meanwhile, others have been driven to the UK due to postcolonial conflict, and as older refugees outside of the ‘productive’ workforce, scant regard is paid to their social reproductive needs. Our findings challenge the dualism prevalent in European research between migration and refugee studies, and suggest the potential of a historically situated colonial lens to understanding older migrants’ experiences. They also highlight the value of analysis of the intersection between migration and welfare policies for deepening understandings of the drivers of ‘crises of social reproduction’.
Journal Article