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In situ monitoring of electrode materials reveals detailed physicochemical transition in electrochemical device. The key challenge is to explore the localized features of electrode surfaces, since the performance of an electrochemical device is determined by the summation of local architecture of the electrode material. Adaptive in situ techniques have been developed for numerous investigations; however, they require restricted measurement environments and provide limited information, which has impeded their widespread application. In this study, we realised an optics-based electrochemical in situ monitoring system by combining a dark-field micro/spectroscopy with an electrochemical workstation to investigate the physicochemical behaviours of Pt catalyst. We found that the localized plasmonic trait of a Pt-decorated Au nanoparticle as a model system varied in terms of its intensity and wavelength during the iterations of a cyclic voltammetry test. Furthermore, we show that morphological and compositional changes of the Pt catalyst can be traced in real time using changes in quantified plasmonic characteristics, which is a distinct advantage over the conventional electrochemistry-based in situ monitoring systems. These results indicate the substantial promise of online operando observation in a wide range of electrical energy conversion systems and electrochemical sensing areas.

A Co 3 O 4 /ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) nanocomposite, in which Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs), with an average size of about 10 nm homogeneously embedded in the OMC framework, are prepared for use as an anode material in Li-ion batteries. The composite is prepared by a one-pot synthesis based on the solvent evaporation-induced co-self-assembly of a phenolic resol, a triblock copolymer F127, and Co(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O, followed by carbonization and oxidation. The resulting material has a high reversible capacity of ~1,025 mA h g −1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g −1 . The enhanced cycling stability and rate capability of the composite can be attributed to the combined mesoporous nanostructure which provides efficient pathways for Li-ion transport and the homogeneous distribution of the Co 3 O 4 NPs in the pore wall of the OMC, which prevents aggregation. These findings suggest that the OMC has promise for use as a carbon metric for metals and metal oxides as an anode material in high performance Li-ion batteries.

A CO3O^sub 4^/ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) nanocomposite, in which CO3O^sub 4^ nanoparticles (NPs), with an average size of about 10 nm homogeneously embedded in the OMC framework, are prepared for use as an anode material in Li-ion batteries. The composite is prepared by a one-pot synthesis based on the solvent evaporation-induced co-self-assembly of a phenolic resol, a triblock copolymer F127, and Co(NO3)^sub 2^·6H2O, followed by carbonization and oxidation. The resulting material has a high reversible capacity of ~1,025 mA h g^sup -1^ after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g^sup -1^. The enhanced cycling stability and rate capability of the composite can be attributed to the combined mesoporous nanostructure which provides efficient pathways for Li-ion transport and the homogeneous distribution of the CO3O^sub 4^ NPs in the pore wall of the OMC, which prevents aggregation. These findings suggest that the OMC has promise for use as a carbon metric for metals and metal oxides as an anode material in high performance Li-ion batteries.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

A Co sub(3)O sub(4)/ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) nanocomposite, in which Co sub(3)O sub(4) nanoparticles (NPs), with an average size of about 10 nm homogeneously embedded in the OMC framework, are prepared for use as an anode material in Li-ion batteries. The composite is prepared by a one-pot synthesis based on the solvent evaporation-induced co-self-assembly of a phenolic resol, a triblock copolymer F127, and Co(NO sub(3)) sub(2).6H sub(2)O, followed by carbonization and oxidation. The resulting material has a high reversible capacity of ~1,025 mA h g super(-1) after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g super(-1). The enhanced cycling stability and rate capability of the composite can be attributed to the combined mesoporous nanostructure which provides efficient pathways for Li-ion transport and the homogeneous distribution of the Co sub(3)O sub(4) NPs in the pore wall of the OMC, which prevents aggregation. These findings suggest that the OMC has promise for use as a carbon metric for metals and metal oxides as an anode material in high performance Li-ion batteries.