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"Kim, Hyun"
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Potential of Magnetic Nanofiber Scaffolds with Mechanical and Biological Properties Applicable for Bone Regeneration
Magnetic nanofibrous scaffolds of poly(caprolactone) (PCL) incorporating magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) were produced, and their effects on physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties were extensively addressed to find efficacy for bone regeneration purpose. MNPs 12 nm in diameter were citrated and evenly distributed in PCL solutions up to 20% and then were electrospun into nonwoven nanofibrous webs. Incorporation of MNPs greatly improved the hydrophilicity of the nanofibers. Tensile mechanical properties of the nanofibers (tensile strength, yield strength, elastic modulus and elongation) were significantly enhanced with the addition of MNPs up to 15%. In particular, the tensile strength increase was as high as ∼25 MPa at 15% MNPs vs. ∼10 MPa in pure PCL. PCL-MNP nanofibers exhibited magnetic behaviors, with a high saturation point and hysteresis loop area, which increased gradually with MNP content. The incorporation of MNPs substantially increased the degradation of the nanofibers, with a weight loss of ∼20% in pure PCL, ∼45% in 10% MNPs and ∼60% in 20% MNPs. Apatite forming ability of the nanofibers tested in vitro in simulated body fluid confirmed the substantial improvement gained by the addition of MNPs. Osteoblastic cells favored the MNPs-incorporated nanofibers with significantly improved initial cell adhesion and subsequent penetration through the nanofibers, compared to pure PCL. Alkaline phosphatase activity and expression of genes associated with bone (collagen I, osteopontin and bone sialoprotein) were significantly up-regulated in cells cultured on PCL-MNP nanofibers than those on pure PCL. PCL-MNP nanofibers subcutaneously implanted in rats exhibited minimal adverse tissue reactions, while inducing substantial neoblood vessel formation, which however, greatly limited in pure PCL. In vivo study in radial segmental defects also signified the bone regeneration ability of the PCL-MNP nanofibrous scaffolds. The magnetic, bone-bioactive, mechanical, cellular and tissue attributes of MNP-incorporated PCL nanofibers make them promising candidate scaffolds for bone regeneration.
Journal Article
The Huns, Rome and the birth of Europe
\"The Huns have often been treated as primitive barbarians with no advanced political organisation. Their place of origin was the so-called 'backward steppe'. It has been argued that whatever political organisation they achieved they owed to the 'civilizing influence' of the Germanic peoples they encountered as they moved west. This book argues that the steppes of Inner Asia were far from 'backward' and that the image of the primitive Huns is vastly misleading. They already possessed a highly sophisticated political culture while still in Inner Asia and, far from being passive recipients of advanced culture from the West, they passed on important elements of Central Eurasian culture to early medieval Europe, which they helped create\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Plasma metabolites as possible biomarkers for diagnosis of breast cancer
Metabolomic approaches have been used to identify new diagnostic biomarkers for various types of cancers, including breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers of breast cancer using plasma metabolic profiling. Furthermore, we analyzed whether these biomarkers had relationships with clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer. Our study used two liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry sets: a discovery set (40 breast cancer patients and 30 healthy controls) and a validation set (30 breast cancer patients and 16 healthy controls). All breast cancer patients were randomly selected from among stage I-III patients who underwent surgery between 2011 and 2016. First, metabolites distinguishing cancer patients from healthy controls were identified in the discovery set. Then, consistent and reproducible metabolites were evaluated in terms of their utility as possible biomarkers of breast cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to the discovery set, and ROC cut-off values for the identified metabolites derived therein were applied to the validation set to determine their diagnostic performance. Ultimately, four candidate biomarkers (L-octanoylcarnitine, 5-oxoproline, hypoxanthine, and docosahexaenoic acid) were identified. L-octanoylcarnitine showed the best diagnostic performance, with a 100.0% positive predictive value. Also, L-octanoylcarnitine levels differed according to tumor size and hormone receptor expression. The plasma metabolites identified in this study show potential as biomarkers allowing early diagnosis of breast cancer. However, the diagnostic performance of the metabolites needs to be confirmed in further studies with larger sample sizes.
Journal Article
Look up!
When a girl in a wheelchair calls to people far below to look up and see her, one finds a way to brighten her day.
Book
Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Pectolinarin against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells
This study aims to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of pectolinarin against oxidative stress-induced cell damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurodegenerative diseases—such as Alzheimer’s disease—are potentially associated with oxidative stress, which causes excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage DNA and proteins in neuronal cells. The results of this study demonstrate that pectolinarin can scavenge hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, pectolinarin significantly increased cell viability while reducing ROS production and LDH release in the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced control group. Additionally, Pectolinarin recovered protein expression from H2O2-altered levels back to close-to-normal SH-SY5Y cell levels for components of the oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis pathways—such as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), kelch-like ECH-associated protein (Keap1), anti-heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), B-cell lympho-ma-2 (Bcl-2) protein, and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax). These findings suggest that pectolinarin has the potential to be used as a plant material for functional foods to be applied in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, by mitigating oxidative stress-induced damage to neuronal cells.
Journal Article
Magnetic field boosted ferroptosis-like cell death and responsive MRI using hybrid vesicles for cancer immunotherapy
We report a strategy to boost Fenton reaction triggered by an exogenous circularly polarized magnetic field (MF) to enhance ferroptosis-like cell-death mediated immune response, as well as endow a responsive MRI capability by using a hybrid core-shell vesicles (HCSVs). HCSVs are prepared by loading ascorbic acid (AA) in the core and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) shell incorporating iron oxide nanocubes (IONCs). MF triggers the release of AA, resulting in the increase of ferrous ions through the redox reaction between AA and IONCs. A significant tumor suppression is achieved by Fenton reaction-mediated ferroptosis-like cell-death. The oxidative stress induced by the Fenton reaction leads to the exposure of calreticulin on tumor cells, which leads to dendritic cells maturation and the infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in tumor. Furthermore, the depletion of ferric ions during treatment enables monitoring of the Fe reaction in MRI-R2* signal change. This strategy provides a perspective on ferroptosis-based immunotherapy.
The immune system can eradicate tumours, and several chemotherapy strategies have been reported to augment the immune system. Here, the authors report an exogenous magnetic field triggered strategy to boost Ferroptosis-like death and endow responsive MRI by using a biosafe hybrid core-shell vesicle for cancer therapy.
Journal Article
Nobody checks the time when they're happy
No One Checks the Time When They're Happy is a collection of stories, by turns sad and funny, about the thwarted expectations of the young as they grow older. Eun Heeyung's characters are misfits who, by virtue of their bodies or their lack of social status, are left to dream of momentous changes that will never come. Unsatisfied with work, with family, and with friends, they lose themselves in diets, books, and blogs. Her work humorously but humanely depicts the loneliness and monotony found in many modern lives.
Book
Clinical outcomes of colorectal neoplasm with positive resection margin after endoscopic submucosal dissection
A positive resection margin after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is associated with an increased risk of recurrence. We aimed to identify the clinical significance of positive resection margins in colorectal neoplasms after ESD. We reviewed 632 patients who had
en bloc
colorectal ESD at two hospitals between 2015 and 2020. The recurrence rates and presence of residual tumor after surgery were evaluated. The rate of additional surgery after ESD and recurrence rate were significantly higher in patients with incomplete resection (n = 75) compared to patients with complete resection (n = 557). When focusing solely on non-invasive lesions, no significant differences in recurrence rates were observed between the groups with complete and incomplete resection (0.2%
vs
. 1.9%, p = 0.057). Among 84 patients with submucosal invasive carcinoma, 39 patients underwent additional surgery due to non-curative resection. Positive vertical margin and lymphovascular invasion were associated with residual tumor. Lymphovascular invasion was associated with lymph node metastasis. However, no residual tumor nor lymph node metastases were found in patients with only one unfavorable histological factor. In conclusion, a positive resection margin in non-invasive colorectal lesions, did not significantly impact the recurrence rate. Also, in T1 colorectal cancer with a positive vertical resection margin, salvage surgery can be considered in selected patients with additional risk factors.
Journal Article