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"Kim, Soyeon"
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You are stardust
Introduces readers to the extensive and surprising ways in which they're connected to the natural world around them.
Book
Transforming wearable technology with advanced ultra-flexible energy harvesting and storage solutions
Flexible organic photovoltaics and energy storage systems have profound implications for future wearable electronics. Here, the authors discuss the transformative potential and challenges associated with the integrative design of these systems for energy harvesting.
Journal Article
You are never alone
\"[This] picture book ... explores how humans are inextricably connected to nature\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Effect of Individual Development Accounts on Savings of Low-Income Families:: Evidence from South Korea
Individual development accounts (IDAs) have gained increasing attention as a promising tool for promoting asset building and financial inclusion among low-income families. This study investigates the impact of IDA programs on savings behavior in South Korea using a longitudinal analysis. The study employs propensity score matching (PSM) and difference-in-differences (DID) estimation to examine the causal effect of IDA program participation on savings over a three-year period. Additionally, double difference-in-differences (DDD) analysis is employed to assess the differential effects based on various demographic variables. The results reveal that participants in the IDA program experienced a significant short-term increase in savings during the early stages of the program. However, this positive effect faded over time, indicating a need for improvements in program design and implementation. Furthermore, the study also finds that the impact of IDAs did not differ significantly based on gender, marital status, or the presence of children. However, education level was found to have a systematic influence, as reflected by participants with higher education levels showing greater increases in savings. The study highlights the necessity of adopting a comprehensive approach to participant selection, encompassing those with both strong and weak saving behaviors. It also underscores the potential benefits of incentivizing voluntary saving alongside the IDA program. Furthermore, this research makes suggestions to improve the effectiveness of IDA programs in promoting financial inclusion and asset building among vulnerable populations.
Journal Article
Wild ideas : let nature inspire your thinking
\"A new book that celebrates the 'nature' of creative problem solving\"--Front jacket flap.
Book
Artificial intelligence orchestration for text-based ultrasonic simulation via self-review by multi-large language model agents
Widely used ultrasonic simulation systems often rely on complex graphical user interfaces (GUIs) or scripting, resulting in substantial time investments and reduced accessibility for new users. In this study, we propose a novel text-based simulation control architecture, which leverages a large language model (LLM) and the ground artificial intelligence (AI) approach to streamline the control of ultrasonic simulation systems. By modularizing the functionalities of the SimNDT program into discrete functions and enabling natural language-based command interpretation, the proposed method reduces the average simulation configuration time by approximately 75%. To further mitigate task failures in scenario generation using the LLM, we introduce the ground AI approach, which employs self-review mechanisms and multi-agent collaboration to improve task completion rates. In particular, when vectorized output lengths deviate from the standard, we regenerate outputs using multiple LLM agents, reducing the scenario generation error rate from 23.89 to 1.48% and enhancing reliability significantly. These advancements underscore the potential of AI-driven methods in reducing operational costs and enhancing reliability in simulation frameworks. By integrating text-based control and Ground AI mechanisms, the proposed approach provides an efficient and scalable alternative to traditional GUI-based control methods, particularly in time-sensitive applications such as digital twin systems.
Journal Article
Soluble PD-L1 is a predictive and prognostic biomarker in advanced cancer patients who receive immune checkpoint blockade treatment
Circulating soluble programmed death-1 ligand (sPD-L1) is measurable in the serum of cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the significance of sPD-L1 in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Blood samples were obtained before and after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (January 2015 to January 2019). The study cohort consisted of 128 patients who were diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (n = 50), melanoma (n = 31), small cell lung cancer (n = 14), urothelial carcinoma (n = 13), and other cancers (n = 20). Patients with a high level (> 11.0 pg/μL) of sPD-L1 were more likely to exhibit progressive disease compared with those with a low level (41.8% versus 20.7%, p = 0.013). High sPD-L1 was also associated with worse prognosis; the median PFS was 2.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1–3.7) months versus 6.3 (95% CI 3.0–9.6) months (p = 0.023), and the median OS was 7.4 (95% CI 6.3–8.5) months versus 13.3 (95% CI 9.2–17.4) months (p = 0.005). In the multivariate analyses, high sPD-L1 was an independent prognostic factor for both decreased PFS (HR 1.928, p = 0.038) and OS (HR 1.788, p = 0.004). sPD-L1 levels did not correlate with tissue PD-L1 expression. However, sPD-L1 levels were positively correlated with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios and negatively correlated with both the proportion and the total number of lymphocytes. We found that high pretreatment sPD-L1 levels were associated with progressive disease and were an independent prognostic factor predicting lower PFS and OS in these patients.
Journal Article
Factors associated with seclusion and restraint on admission to forensic psychiatric hospitals: A 10-year retrospective study
The use of coercive measures such as seclusion and restraint in forensic mental healthcare settings is widespread but controversial. Efforts to reduce these measures require knowledge of patient-related risk factors. The present study aimed to identify and confirm factors related to seclusion and restraint that can be assessed upon admission among men and women admitted to forensic hospitals in Ontario, Canada. We included cross-sectional Ontario Mental Health Reporting System admission data for adult patients admitted to 10 forensic psychiatric hospitals between April 1, 2013, and March 31, 2023. We determined patient demographic, administrative, and clinical characteristics associated with seclusion and physical and manual restraint episodes during the first three days of admission. We conducted logistic Generalized Linear mixed Models (GLMM) to examine the association between the independent variables and restraint and seclusion while accounting for variability across facilities. Of 7635 patients, 30.2% (n = 2302) were secluded, and 3.7% (n = 286) were restrained within their first three days of admission. Secluded patients were more likely to be young adults, male, and scored higher on violence and aggression measures. Being admitted due to fitness-related reasons, lack of insight, medication non-adherence, higher scores on the mania scale and cognitive impairment further contributed to the higher odds of being secluded, whereas neurocognitive disorder diagnosis and elopement behavior were protective factors. Restrained patients were also more likely to be young adults, have a diagnosis of mood or anxiety, neurodevelopmental or personality disorder, and scored higher on violence and aggression measures. Fitness-related status, medication non-adherence, and cognitive impairment further contributed to this model of restraint. Indigenous self-identification and immigration status were not significant contributors to either model. Clinicians can assess indicators associated with seclusion and restraint when forensic patients are admitted to forensic hospitals or during the first three days of their stay, enabling effective targeting of those needs to reduce the use of coercive measures.
Journal Article
Emergence of the Metaverse and Psychiatric Concerns in Children and Adolescents
Advancements in digital technology have led to increased usage of digital devices among teenagers. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the subsequent implementation of social distancing policies have further accelerated this change. Consequently, a new concept called the metaverse has emerged. The metaverse is a combination of a virtual reality universe that allows individuals to meet, socialize, work, play, entertain, and create. This review provides an overview of the concept and main features of the metaverse and examples of its utilization in the real world. It also explains the unique developmental characteristics of childhood and adolescence, as well as the possible negative influences of the metaverse on them, including addiction, antisocial behavior, cyberbullying, and identity confusion. This review summarizes several suggestions for future research because the metaverse is a relatively new concept.
Journal Article
Multivariate genomic analysis of 5 million people elucidates the genetic architecture of shared components of the metabolic syndrome
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex hereditary condition comprising various metabolic traits as risk factors. Although the genetics of individual MetS components have been investigated actively through large-scale genome-wide association studies, the conjoint genetic architecture has not been fully elucidated. Here, we performed the largest multivariate genome-wide association study of MetS in Europe (
n
observed
= 4,947,860) by leveraging genetic correlation between MetS components. We identified 1,307 genetic loci associated with MetS that were enriched primarily in brain tissues. Using transcriptomic data, we identified 11 genes associated strongly with MetS. Our phenome-wide association and Mendelian randomization analyses highlighted associations of MetS with diverse diseases beyond cardiometabolic diseases. Polygenic risk score analysis demonstrated better discrimination of MetS and predictive power in European and East Asian populations. Altogether, our findings will guide future studies aimed at elucidating the genetic architecture of MetS.
Large-scale multivariate analyses across populations of European ancestry identify risk loci for the metabolic syndrome, improving polygenic prediction models and highlighting associations with diverse traits beyond cardiometabolic diseases.
Journal Article