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We extend a perturbative Dyson-type treatment and discrete-symmetry constraints from the Schrödinger and von Neumann equations to a dephasing Lindblad framework. This work develops further the odd-symmetric formulation involving dual temporal conditions from general dynamical considerations to specific tools of quantum mechanics. Applying the resulting scaling relations to published single- and double-diffractive data in pp and p p ¯ collisions (ISR, UA4, UA5, CDF, D0, ALICE, and E710), we show that single-diffraction cross sections are well described by a three-parameter fit with a relative RMS deviation of ∼ 4 % , substantially improving upon conventional approximations that neglect decoherence. The extracted decoherence factor is consistently ϕ ≈ 0.89 , in agreement across SD, DD, and E710-based (direct) estimates, and is naturally interpreted as ϕ = 1 for CP-invariant dephasing but ϕ < 1 for CPT-invariant dephasing, favouring the latter.

This work explores the implications of assuming time symmetry and applying bridge-type, time-symmetric temporal boundary conditions to deterministic laws of nature with random components. The analysis, drawing on the works of Kolmogorov and Anderson, leads to two forms of governing equations, referred to here as symmetric and antisymmetric. These equations account for the emergence of characteristics associated with conventional thermodynamics, the arrow of time, and a form of antecedent causality. The directional properties of time arise from the mathematical structure of Markov bridges in proximity of the corresponding temporal boundary conditions, without requiring any postulates that impose a preferred direction of time.

We explore a rigorous formulation of agent-based SIR epidemic dynamics as a discrete-state Markov process, capturing the stochastic propagation of infection or an invading agent on networks. Using indicator functions and corresponding marginal probabilities, we derive a hierarchy of evolution equations that resembles the classical BBGKY hierarchy in statistical mechanics. The structure of these equations clarifies the challenges of closure and highlights the principal problem of systemic complexity arising from stochastic but generally not fully chaotic interactions. Monte Carlo simulations are used to validate simplified closures and approximations, offering a unified perspective on the interplay between network topology, stochasticity, and infection dynamics. We also explore the impact of lockdown measures within a networked agent framework, illustrating how SIR dynamics and structural complexity of the network shape epidemic with propagation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Italy taken as an example.

The use of online dating services has surged dramatically in recent years. Concurrently, a substantial body of scientific literature has emerged, analyzing these services from demographic and social perspectives. This review, based on 528 English-language publications from the past 13 years, compiles a bibliographic database and employs content analysis to systematize research directions on the use of online dating services. The classification includes topics such as locations and methods of dating (both traditional and digital), the risks and drawbacks of digital dating services, user actions and interactions, dating goals, marital status, and more. This bibliographic database has helped identify the primary vectors of publication activity on the topic of online dating services over the past 13 years.

This work investigates intensive vortices, which are characterised by the existence of a converging radial flow that significantly intensifies the flow rotation. Evolution and amplification of the vorticity present in the flow play important roles in the formation of the vortex. When rotation in the flow becomes sufficiently strong (this implies the validity of the strong swirl approximation, which has been developed in a series of publications since the 1950s) the previous analysis of the author and the present work determine that further amplification of vorticity is moderated by interactions of vorticity and velocity. This imposes physical constraints on the flow, resulting in the so-called compensating regime, where the radial distribution of the axial vorticity is characterised by the $4/ 3$ and $3/ 2$ power laws. This asymptotic treatment of a strong swirl is based on vorticity equations and involves higher-order terms. This treatment incorporates multi-scale analysis indicating downstream relaxation of the flow to the compensating regime. The present work also investigates and takes into account viscous and transient effects. One of the main points of this work is the applicability of the power laws of the compensating regime to intermediate regions in large atmospheric vortices, such as tropical cyclones and tornadoes.

The effectiveness of goal-directed human behavior and the processes underlying organization of such activity are the subjects of various biomedical studies. Here we review both classical and modern evidence on the fundamental principles of goal-directed human activity. Facts are presented about the basic mechanisms that ensure the effectiveness of goal-directed behavior and determine its physiological cost.

Unlike conventional planar Josephson junctions, nanowire-based devices have a bridge geometry with a peculiar coupling to environment that can favor non-equilibrium electronic phenomena. Here we measure the influence of the electron bath overheating on critical current of several bridge-like junctions built on a single Au-nanowire. Using the Usadel theory and applying the two-fluid description for the normal and superconducting components of the flowing currents, we reveal and explain the mutual influence of the neighbouring junctions on their characteristics through various processes of the electron gas overheating. Our results provide additional ways to control nanowire-based superconducting devices.

This work proposes a series of quantum experiments that can, at least in principle, allow for examining microscopic mechanisms associated with decoherence. These experiments can be interpreted as a quantum-mechanical version of non-equilibrium mixing between two volumes separated by a thin interface. One of the principal goals of such experiments is in identifying non-equilibrium conditions when time-symmetric laws give way to time-directional, irreversible processes, which are represented by decoherence at the quantum level. The rate of decoherence is suggested to be examined indirectly, with minimal intrusions—this can be achieved by measuring tunnelling rates that, in turn, are affected by decoherence. Decoherence is understood here as a general process that does not involve any significant exchanges of energy and governed by a particular class of the Kraus operators. The present work analyses different regimes of tunnelling in the presence of decoherence and obtains formulae that link the corresponding rates of tunnelling and decoherence under different conditions. It is shown that the effects on tunnelling of intrinsic decoherence and of decoherence due to unitary interactions with the environment are similar but not the same and can be distinguished in experiments.

When applied to matter and antimatter states, the Pauli master equation (PME) may have two forms: time-symmetric, which is conventional and time-antisymmetric, which is suggested in the present work. The symmetric and antisymmetric forms correspond to symmetric and antisymmetric extensions of thermodynamics from matter to antimatter — this is demonstrated by proving the corresponding H-theorem. The two forms are based on the thermodynamic similarity of matter and antimatter and differ only in the directions of thermodynamic time for matter and antimatter (the same in the time-symmetric case and the opposite in the time-antisymmetric case). We demonstrate that, while the symmetric form of PME predicts an equibalance between matter and antimatter, the antisymmetric form of PME favours full conversion of antimatter into matter. At this stage, it is impossible to make an experimentally justified choice in favour of the symmetric or antisymmetric versions of thermodynamics since we have no experience of thermodynamic properties of macroscopic objects made of antimatter, but experiments of this kind may become possible in the future.

Changes in behavioral parameters in the open field and elevated plus maze tests were studied in female rats with experimental osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) caused by intra-articular injection of sodium monoiodoacetate (16 mg/kg). In the elevated plus maze, the animals with experimental pain syndrome demonstrated the following dynamics of behavioral parameters: the latency of leaving the central platform and the time spent in closed arms increased, while the number of visits to closed arms and numbers of head dips and rearings decreased on day 25 of the experiment in comparison with the baseline levels. In the open-field, the latency of the first movement and grooming time increased and the number of objects explored decreased by day 26. Changes in the behavior of rats with pain syndrome manifested in a pronounced inhibition of orientation and exploratory activity, increased anxiety, and suppression of motor activity and persisted for a long time after injection of sodium monoiodoacetate into TMJ.