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Had they been discovered intact, the colossal Suez canal stelae of Darius I might have provided valuable information concerning the excavation project, local topography, and movement of cargo ships through the Red Sea to Persia. Unfortunately, only a fraction of the hieroglyphic inscriptions survive, and much of the remaining fragments preserve banal expressions typical of the Egyptian Konigsnovelle genre: extended royal epithets of Darius, standard obsequies by courtiers, and highly formal discourse between the Great King and his advisers. Valuable historical and geographical details specific to the Suez canal endeavor, meanwhile, have mostly disappeared in the lacunae. Here, Klotz demonstrates that not only is the equation Sb = Saba' phonetically plausible but it makes excellent sense within the textual context of the Suez canal stelae shedding new light on Persian-Arabian relations and Achaemenid strategy in the south seas.

PurposeThe objective of this study was to conduct a comparative study of different etiologies of neurogenic bladder disorders (NBDs) in patients with bladder cancer (BC) regarding patient- and tumor-related parameters and their oncological outcome.MethodsOut of 98 patients with bladder tumors and neurogenic disease, 23 patients with BC and NBDs from Jan 1, 2010, to Dec 31, 2020, were included. The different etiologies of NBDs were merged in three groups based on the level of the nervous system (NS)-lesion: (i) central (n = 6), (ii) spinal cord (n = 10), and (iii) peripheral lesions (n = 7).ResultsPatients with lesions at the spinal cord level were younger at the time of BC diagnosis compared to patients with central or peripheral NS lesions (54 vs. 68 vs. 78 years, p = 0.0219). However, the latency to malignant transformation was more than twice as long (33 vs. 15 years, p = 0.0108). Most tumors were muscle-invasive or locally advanced BCs (62%) and presented lymph node metastases (55%), resulting in a poor mean overall survival of 30.9 ± 3.6 months. No significant differences regarding histopathology, tumor stage, and oncological outcome could be observed between the groups.ConclusionPatients with NBDs have a poor prognosis regardless of their etiology or the level of NS lesion. Patients with spinal cord lesions, including congenital NBDs, appear to develop BC at a young age, but compared to other etiologies latency from NBD to BC is longer.

Miscellaneous texts from the inner chapels from Hibis Temple are better understood by considering textual parallels from other temples and papyri from the New Kingdom through the Ptolemaic Period. These scenes include: (1) A procession of New Year's vases, with a special reference to water generated underground in Heliopolis; (2) A widely attested offering text for idmy-linen; (3) A liturgical hymn celebrating the royal inheritance of Wennefer.

The recent catalogue of previously unknown Kriegsverluste from the Museum August Kestner, Hannover, has brought to light an inscribed cuboid statue of the Late Period (Dynasty 30 to early Ptolemaic Period). Titles, prosopography, and textual parallels securely connect this object to Thebes, but the high-ranking statue owner was also a priest of Seth of the Southern Oasis (Hibis), the god of chaos who was supposedly demonized and proscribed within the Nile Valley during the Late Period.

The considerable failure rate of information technology (IT) projects remains a problem for many organisations and impacts their ability to successfully participate in the digital economy. Previous root cause analysis identified project complexity as one of the key factors in and of IT project failure. The purpose of this research was therefore to critically examine complexity in IT projects. In contrast to earlier positivist research on complexity, this study was built on a critical realist perspective to better understand the underlying structures and mechanisms behind what individuals within IT projects perceive as being \"complex\".A qualitative research design was chosen with a series of semistructured in-depth interviews with IT project practitioners as the data collection method. The research identified four internal variables (experience, stress, frustration, and motivation) and three external variables (communication, expectations, and support) which interact with perceived complexity. These findings were synthesised into a conceptual model of perceived complexity in IT projects. In addition, the findings indicated that the role of an individual (project sponsor, project manager, project team member) influences perceived complexity. Through the identification of previously hidden mechanisms within IT projects, the study extends the body of knowledge about IT project complexity. In addition, the identified mechanisms were combined with typical situations in IT projects. The outcome, which represents the study's contribution to practice, are practice-orientated guidelines for handling complexity in IT projects which aims to support IT project professionals and organisations to better manage complexity. The study therefore provides valuable contributions to the theory and practice of IT project complexity.

During excavations at the temple of Taharqa at Semna, George Reisner discovered an exceptional New Kingdom private statuette covered with short cryptographic inscriptions. The peculiar texts on this statuette, now in the collection at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston (MFA 24.743), received a preliminary treatment by Étienne Drioton in the extensive catalogue of the Semna excavations by D. Dunham and J. Janssen (1960). Nevertheless, this object has otherwise garnered little scholarly attention. A new translation of the enigmatic texts raises important considerations for understanding both the function of cryptography in private statuary and the evolution of viceregal authority in the Eighteenth Dynasty. The texts reveal that the statue belonged to a high officialfrom the Egyptian administration in Nubia, the idnw n Wȝwȝ.t (deputy viceroy of Wawat), Djehutymose. Several stylistic features of the statuette suggest a date to the reign of Amenhotep III, when Djehutymose would have been deputy to the viceroy Merymose; this administrative relationship finds additional support from a previously overlooked rock inscription in the Wadi Allaqi. This article contends that the idnw Wȝwȝ.t Djehutymose should be identified with the viceroy of the same name dating to the reign of Akhenaten. Representing the earliest-known attestation of the division of the deputy viceroy position into two geographically defined offices, this small statuette provides insight into hitherto little known aspects of viceregal succession and the evolution of the dual deputy offices.

New readings proposed for two Late Period stelae reveal additional evidence for divine oracles. In JE 72130, Nectanebo I relates how the goddess Nehmetaway proclaimed his future kingship through an oracle, not a public hieros-gamos ritual as Roeder had suggested. JE 53147 (Bucheum Stela 9), informs us that the new Buchis was chosen by the statue of Amenope during a ritual procession in Luxor, possibly from among a pool of qualified taurian candidates.

Preliminary report on the Pharaonic and Graeco-Roman temple blocks reused in the Church of St. Shenoute near Sohag. While some materials can be traced to sites further south, including Abydos, Nag' el-Mesheyekh and el-Mensha (Ptolemais), previously unrecorded inscriptions confirm that a group of limestone ceiling blocks derive from the temple of Repyt at nearby Atripe. This discovery may support Shenoute's repeated claims to have destroyed this particular temple.