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Asthma and rhinitis are common childhood health conditions. Being an understudied and rapidly growing population in the US, Hispanic children have a varying risk for these conditions that may result from sociocultural (including acculturative factors), exposure and genetic diversities. Hispanic populations have varying contributions from European, Amerindian and African ancestries. While previous literature separately reported associations between genetic ancestry and acculturation factors with asthma, whether Amerindian ancestry and acculturative factors have independent associations with development of early-life asthma and rhinitis in Hispanic children remains unknown. We hypothesized that genetic ancestry is an important determinant of early-life asthma and rhinitis occurrence in Hispanic children independent of sociodemographic, acculturation and environmental factors. Subjects were Hispanic children (5-7 years) who participated in the southern California Children's Health Study. Data from birth certificates and questionnaire provided information on acculturation, sociodemographic and environmental factors. Genetic ancestries (Amerindian, European, African and Asian) were estimated based on 233 ancestry informative markers. Asthma was defined by parental report of doctor-diagnosed asthma. Rhinitis was defined by parental report of a history of chronic sneezing or runny or blocked nose without a cold or flu. Sample sizes were 1,719 and 1,788 for investigating the role of genetic ancestry on asthma and rhinitis, respectively. Children had major contributions from Amerindian and European ancestries. After accounting for potential confounders, per 25% increase in Amerindian ancestry was associated with 17.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-0.99) and 13.6% (95% CI: 0.79-0.98) lower odds of asthma and rhinitis, respectively. Acculturation was not associated with either outcome. Earlier work documented that Hispanic children with significant contribution from African ancestry are at increased asthma risk; however, in Hispanic children who have little contribution from African ancestry, Amerindian ancestry was independently associated with lower odds for development of early-childhood asthma and rhinitis.

The incidence of major depression increases markedly during adolescence and early adulthood. There is therefore an increased need for effective emotion regulation (ER) capacities during this period. The present study explored the relative benefits of dispositional mindfulness compared to other commonly researched ER strategies, cognitive reappraisal, and expressive suppression, in a sample of youth with major depression presenting to a clinical service. Results demonstrated that mindfulness is distinct from these other ER strategies and is associated with lower cross-sectional levels of depression, anxiety, rumination and dysfunctional attitudes, and improved quality of life. Greater dispositional mindfulness also predicted greater recovery from these symptoms. It was concluded that a greater tendency to use mindfulness as an ER strategy is associated with positive mental health outcomes and better quality of life.

Background Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) prevents neonatal mortality from Group B Streptococcus (GBS). Clindamycin resistance among GBS isolates complicates IAP for GBS-positive women allergic to penicillin and cephalosporins. GBS screening by nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) provides rapid results, but no susceptibility data to inform IAP. We sought to estimate burden of clindamycin resistance among GBS in Los Angeles County (LAC). Methods Hospital antibiogram data were gathered from all LAC acute care hospitals from 2015 to 2016. Weighted averages for GBS resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, penicillin, and TMP/SMX were calculated. Facilities which reported clindamycin susceptibilities were interviewed regarding antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods. Results A total of 2,339 GBS isolates from 22 hospitals were reported between 2015 and 2016. Thirteen hospitals tested GBS for clindamycin (nine reported in 2015 and 2016, four hospitals reported in 2016 only). Clindamycin resistance was found in 61.7% of 1,794 GBS isolates (79.3% of 891 in 2015, 44.3% of 903 in 2016). Erythromycin resistance was 42% in 735 isolates reported, 0.1% penicillin of 1,916 isolates reported, and 1.5% TMP/SMX of = 135 isolates reported. Facilities tested GBS by manual minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) broth dilution (n = 1), automated MIC dilution (n = 4), agar plate diffusion (n = 1), and MIC dilution followed by agar plate diffusion (n = 1). Two hospitals did not perform testing on-site. Conclusion The 62% prevalence of clindamycin-resistant GBS in LAC is three-fold higher than national CDC estimates and complicates IAP for GBS-positive women allergic to penicillin and cephalosporins. These data support CDC recommendations for susceptibility testing in addition to NAAT screening which does not include assays for common determinants of clindamycin resistance, erm-methylase, mef, and isa. There is an opportunity for diagnostic manufacturers and clinical labs to help clinicians choose appropriate IAP and prevent neonatal mortality. The CDC and public health should be aware of regional variations in clindamycin resistance. Clinicians should be aware of local resistance to inform IAP stewardship recommendations. Disclosures S. Butler-Wu, BioFire (bioMerieux): Investigator, Research support.

Background Asthma and rhinitis are common childhood health conditions. Being an understudied and rapidly growing population in the US, Hispanic children have a varying risk for these conditions that may result from sociocultural (including acculturative factors), exposure and genetic diversities. Hispanic populations have varying contributions from European, Amerindian and African ancestries. While previous literature separately reported associations between genetic ancestry and acculturation factors with asthma, whether Amerindian ancestry and acculturative factors have independent associations with development of early-life asthma and rhinitis in Hispanic children remains unknown. We hypothesized that genetic ancestry is an important determinant of early-life asthma and rhinitis occurrence in Hispanic children independent of sociodemographic, acculturation and environmental factors. Methods Subjects were Hispanic children (5-7 years) who participated in the southern California Children's Health Study. Data from birth certificates and questionnaire provided information on acculturation, sociodemographic and environmental factors. Genetic ancestries (Amerindian, European, African and Asian) were estimated based on 233 ancestry informative markers. Asthma was defined by parental report of doctor-diagnosed asthma. Rhinitis was defined by parental report of a history of chronic sneezing or runny or blocked nose without a cold or flu. Sample sizes were 1,719 and 1,788 for investigating the role of genetic ancestry on asthma and rhinitis, respectively. Results Children had major contributions from Amerindian and European ancestries. After accounting for potential confounders, per 25% increase in Amerindian ancestry was associated with 17.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-0.99) and 13.6% (95% CI: 0.79-0.98) lower odds of asthma and rhinitis, respectively. Acculturation was not associated with either outcome. Conclusions Earlier work documented that Hispanic children with significant contribution from African ancestry are at increased asthma risk; however, in Hispanic children who have little contribution from African ancestry, Amerindian ancestry was independently associated with lower odds for development of early-childhood asthma and rhinitis.

Maternal emotional support affects the early career behaviors of daughters, yet little is known about its contribution to the career outcomes of women later in life. This study used a lifespan approach along with relational theory to study the career satisfaction and life satisfaction of 101 employed, middle-aged women of the baby boom generation. Correlational analysis determined that career satisfaction and life satisfaction were strongly correlated, with much of the shared variance explained by supportive relationships at home and at work. Also strongly correlated with both career satisfaction and life satisfaction was the belief that one’s career goals had been realistic. Maternal emotional support did not predict career satisfaction, but it may have contributed to the formulation of goals and to the development of relational skills that led to supportive relationships. Maternal emotional support did predict life satisfaction. The study is limited in its generalizability because of the restricted range of the sample’s demographic variables. Recommendations for practice center around the acknowledgment of women’s relational identity and the development of relational competencies.

Children all across the country are stuck in the prison I was in, but because of COVID-19, they are experiencing it 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.