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Alex Ko : from Iowa to Broadway, my Billy Elliot story
Alex's personal firsthand tale of his journey from small-town Iowa to New York City is passionate and moving. With extraordinary drive and rare tenacity, Alex makes the unthinkable real, determined to hold on to his dream of performing despite all that he had to overcome--including his dad's death from cancer and a crushing injury. Ultimately he made his triumphant return to the stage.
Book
A Brief Review of Facial Emotion Recognition Based on Visual Information
Facial emotion recognition (FER) is an important topic in the fields of computer vision and artificial intelligence owing to its significant academic and commercial potential. Although FER can be conducted using multiple sensors, this review focuses on studies that exclusively use facial images, because visual expressions are one of the main information channels in interpersonal communication. This paper provides a brief review of researches in the field of FER conducted over the past decades. First, conventional FER approaches are described along with a summary of the representative categories of FER systems and their main algorithms. Deep-learning-based FER approaches using deep networks enabling “end-to-end” learning are then presented. This review also focuses on an up-to-date hybrid deep-learning approach combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the spatial features of an individual frame and long short-term memory (LSTM) for temporal features of consecutive frames. In the later part of this paper, a brief review of publicly available evaluation metrics is given, and a comparison with benchmark results, which are a standard for a quantitative comparison of FER researches, is described. This review can serve as a brief guidebook to newcomers in the field of FER, providing basic knowledge and a general understanding of the latest state-of-the-art studies, as well as to experienced researchers looking for productive directions for future work.
Journal Article
Non-mass lesions detected by breast US: stratification of cancer risk for clinical management
Objective
To develop a classification system using imaging features to interpret breast non-mass lesions (NMLs) detected on US and to stratify their cancer risk.
Methods
This retrospective study included 715 patients with 715 breast NMLs detected on breast US from 2012 to 2016. Each patient underwent mammography at the time of diagnosis. Radiologists assessed US and mammographic features and final BI-RADS categories. Multivariable logistic regression was used to find imaging features associated with malignancy in a development dataset (
n
= 460). A system to classify BI-RADS categories (3 to 5) was developed based on the odds ratios (ORs) of imaging features significantly associated with malignancy and validated in a distinct validation dataset (
n
= 255).
Results
Among 715 NMLs, 385 (53.8%) were benign and 330 (46.2%) were malignant. In the development dataset, the following B-mode US features were associated with malignancy (all
p
< 0.001): segmental distribution (OR = 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50–6.15), associated calcifications (OR = 4.26; 95% CI, 1.62–11.18), abnormal ductal change (OR = 4.91; 95% CI, 2.07–11.68), and posterior shadowing (OR = 20.20; 95% CI, 6.46–63.23). The following mammographic features were also associated with malignancy (all
p
< 0.001): calcifications (OR = 7.98; 95% CI, 3.06–20.81) and focal asymmetry (OR = 4.75; 95% CI, 1.90–11.88). In the validation dataset, our classification system using US and mammography showed a higher area under the curve (0.951–0.956) compared to when it was not applied (0.908–0911) to predict malignancy with BI-RADS categories (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusion
Our classification system which incorporates US and mammographic features of breast NMLs can help interpret and manage all NMLs detected on breast US by stratifying cancer risk according to BI-RADS categories.
Key Points
• When diagnosing breast NMLs detected on US, suspicious US features are segmental distribution, associated abnormal ductal change, calcifications, and posterior shadowing within or around the NML on B-mode US, while a probably benign US feature is the presence of multiple small cysts.
• Corresponding suspicious mammographic features of breast NMLs detected on US are associated calcifications and focal asymmetry.
• Our classification system which incorporates US features with and without mammography can potentially be used to interpret and manage any NMLs detected on breast US in clinical practice.
Journal Article
Peptide Lv augments intermediate-conductance calcium-dependent potassium channels (KCa3.1) in endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis
Peptide Lv is a small endogenous secretory peptide that is expressed in various tissues and conserved across different species. Patients with diabetic retinopathy, an ocular disease with pathological angiogenesis, have upregulated peptide Lv in their retinas. The pro-angiogenic activity of peptide Lv is in part through promoting vascular endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, migration, and sprouting, but its molecular mechanism is not completely understood. This study aimed to decipher how peptide Lv promotes EC-dependent angiogenesis by using patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings, Western immunoblotting, quantitative PCR, and cell proliferation assays in cultured ECs. Endothelial cells treated with peptide Lv became significantly hyperpolarized, an essential step for EC activation. Treatment with peptide Lv augmented the expression and current densities of the intermediate-conductance calcium-dependent potassium (K Ca 3.1) channels that contribute to EC hyperpolarization but did not augment other potassium channels. Blocking K Ca 3.1 attenuated peptide Lv-elicited EC proliferation. These results indicate that peptide Lv-stimulated increases of functional K Ca 3.1 in ECs contributes to EC activation and EC-dependent angiogenesis.
Journal Article
The leavers : a novel
\"One morning, Deming Guo's mother, an undocumented Chinese immigrant named Polly, goes to her job at the nail salon and never comes home. With his mother gone, eleven-year-old Deming is left with no one to care for him. He is eventually adopted by two white college professors who move him from the Bronx to a small town upstate\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A Longitudinal, Qualitative Exploration of Perceived HIV Risk, Healthcare Experiences, and Social Support as Facilitators and Barriers to PrEP Adoption Among Black Women
Black women contract HIV at much higher rates than White or Hispanic women. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an underutilized prevention tool among this population. We sought to determine participants’ interest in PrEP and facilitators and barriers to PrEP adoption. This longitudinal, qualitative study included 30 Black women (Mage = 32.2) interviewed 4 times over 6 months. Most participants had never heard of PrEP and a majority expressed initial interest. Barriers to PrEP initiation included low perceived HIV risk, medical mistrust, provider experiences and knowledge, negative reactions from family and friends, low perceived efficacy to adherence, and transportation. This study demonstrated actual, rather than hypothetical, PrEP interest and attitudes among Black women, and the barriers that arose over time during the study. PrEP awareness needs to be promoted among Black women and medical providers. Future research should address individual risk perception, medical mistrust, increasing social support, and decreasing transportation barriers.
Journal Article
Memory piece
\"Three Asian American teenagers meet in the New York suburbs in the 1980s. Drawn together by their shared sense of alienation from their conventionally domestic immigrant families, each wants to live a meaningful life. They envision a future defined by freedom and creativity, but on the brink of adulthood in New York City, their fortunes quickly diverge. Giselle Chin is a performance artist, pushing the boundaries of the form while socializing with the city's artistic and financial elite. Jackie Ong works at tech start-ups during the early dotcom era, as the internet's egalitarian promise is tested against its rampant monetization. Ellen Ng, a community activist, fights against gentrification overwhelming the city's neighborhoods. Their chosen paths separate them, but their friendship sustains and challenges them across huge divides of class, status, and worldview. Decades later, their sense of what is possible has changed, mutating against the hardscrabble realities of work and love. Moving from the 1980s to the 2040s, spanning multiple eras of a changing New York City, Memory Piece explores the roles of art, friendship, and creativity in self-preservation, chronicling three women as they strive to find value in a radically different world than the one they were promised. Ambitious, visionary, and intellectually playful, Memory Piece asks how we define a good life, individually and collectively, and understanding what we do about the direction our society is headed-where do we go from here?\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Induction of human pluripotent stem cells into kidney tissues by synthetic mRNAs encoding transcription factors
The derivation of kidney tissues from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and its application for replacement therapy in end-stage renal disease have been widely discussed. Here we report that consecutive transfections of two sets of synthetic mRNAs encoding transcription factors can induce rapid and efficient differentiation of hPSCs into kidney tissues, termed induced nephron-like organoids (iNephLOs). The first set - FIGLA, PITX2, ASCL1 and TFAP2C, differentiated hPSCs into SIX2
+
SALL1
+
nephron progenitor cells with 92% efficiency within 2 days. Subsequently, the second set - HNF1A, GATA3, GATA1 and EMX2, differentiated these cells into PAX8
+
LHX1
+
pretubular aggregates in another 2 days. Further culture in both 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional conditions produced iNephLOs containing cells characterized as podocytes, proximal tubules, and distal tubules in an additional 10 days. Global gene expression profiles showed similarities between iNephLOs and the human adult kidney, suggesting possible uses of iNephLOs as
in vitro
models for kidneys.
Journal Article