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Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. of the Lamiaceae family, called as kumis kucing in Indonesia, is a valuable medicinal plant for their pharmacological properties. The present study comprised of fifteen genotypes of O. aristatus was undertaken to evaluate the genotypes based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of leaves ethanol extract. Chemometric analysis (correlation and principal component analysis) was also used to investigate the genetic variability based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of O. aristatus genotypes. Results of phytochemical characterization showed that total phenolic ranged from 1.48 to 36.08 (maximum in A15) mg GAE/g DW, total flavonoid ranged from 0.10 to 3.07 (maximum in A15) mg QE/g DW, sinensetin ranged from 0.36 to 4.02 (maximum in A11) mg/g DW, and rosmarinic acid ranged 0.06 to 7.25 (maximum in A7) mg/g DW. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH and FRAP assay. Antioxidant results showed that DPPH ranged from 1.68 to 15.55 (maximum in A15) μmol TE/g DW and FRAP ranged from 0.07 to 1.60 (maximum in A1 and A7) μmol TE/g DW. The genotype A8 showed the highest cytotoxic activities against HeLa (66.25%) and MCF-7 (61.79%) cell lines. Maximum α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was recorded in genotype A2 with the value of 62.84%. The genotypes A1, A2, A7, A11, and A15 were identified as superior based on their phytochemicals content and pharmacological activities coupled with chemometric analysis. This finding is important for breeding studies and also the pharmaceutical perspective of O. aristatus .

Indonesia has high biodiversity and is well-known for its medicinal plant diversity, which is both singular and globally affluent. Due to their secondary metabolite efficacy for various ailments; medicinal plants are commercially and highly useful to human. Secondary metabolites assure the plant from abiotic and biotic stressors and aid pollination and fruit distribution. However, the changing climate, deforestation, population growth, overharvesting and the unsustainable manner of medicinal plant collection for trade, may drive many populations extinct. The study aimed to review some climate change effects on Indonesian medicinal plants as potential medicine sources for discovery and human being development. By reviewing with emphasis how each of the individual factors affects the growth, development and plant secondary metabolites production. This review illustrates a common figure of environmental factors such as temperature, drought, and CO2 that affect Indonesia’s medicinal plants. It is evident that climate change is having a detrimental influence on existing resources’ life cycles, medicinal plant quality and production, habitat fragmentation, shifting distribution ranges, phenology pattern changes, etc. Compared to other commercial crops, medicinal plant research on climate change is infrequent and limited. The study suggests some different adaptive techniques be used to mitigate climatic challenges and preserve medicinal plants.

Understanding the effects of local knowledge on actions and decisions taken during a crisis is important; empirical studies and scientific data can be instructive to this end. This study integrated local knowledge (Pranata Mangsa) in Jawa, Indonesia, with scientific data on diurnal rainfall, extreme precipitation events, using the Local and Indigenous Knowledge System (LINKS). The results showed that Pranata Mangsa has informed aspects of agriculture including crop calendars, crop patterns, and farming activities, for over 1000 years in Jawa. Pranata Mangsa also enhances community resilience by mitigating the effects of extreme droughts; this finding was validated using scientific data.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common motor disorder in childhood. CP limits movement, which can interfere with children's daily activities. As a technology that provides intensive mass practice to children, virtual reality (VR) can create an interactive and motivating environment. With the intensity set by the therapist and feedback that can be used to produce individualized therapy, VR has great potential to improve CP patients' quality of life, especially in a safe, enjoyable, and playful environment. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the effectiveness of VR for children with CP. We conducted a comprehensive literature search based on the PRISMA guidelines through PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Wiley, and ProQuest to assess the efficacy of VR in managing children with CP up to 15 September 2022. Risk assessment of bias was performed using Cochrane RoB 2. Nineteen randomized controlled trials with 467 and 427 patients with CP were included in the intervention and control groups in qualitative and quantitative analyses. Participants consisted of cerebral palsy with hemiplegia (n=7), diplegia (n=2), a combination of both (n=4), and undefined (n=13). From all studies conducted, VR showed significant results where VR could improve balance (MD: 2.71[1.95, 3.48]; p < 0.00001), motor function (MD: 3.73 [1.67, 5.79]; p = 0.0004), and activity daily living (MD: 10.05 [2.89, 17.22]. However, VR showed not effective in improving upper limb function. With its advantages and excellent effectiveness, VR may improve functional mobility and the quality of life of children with CP.

A fundamental understanding of the forest stands and upland farming practices is imperative for effective land management, as it impacts the several soil properties. This research was to evaluate the relationship of bacterial population and several soil properties across different vegetation stands in Andisols soil profiles. Soil sampling was conducted on Mount Merbabu National Park (puspa (Schima noronhae Theaceae) and pine (Pinus merkusii Pinaceae)) and upland farming. For each vegetation observation plot unit, a pedon was created and 3 replications were carried out; and each pedon was sampled at soil profile depths 0-100 cm (0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-50, 50-70, and 70-100 cm) so 54 soil samples were obtained. The soil samples were then analyzed: bacterial population by the Spread Plate Count method, soil pH by pH meter, soil organic matter (SOM) by Walkley and Black method, and soil moisture by gravimetric method. The results showed that puspa had the highest means bacterial population (19.9 ± 2.67 ×10⁷ CFU g⁻¹), SOM (8.24 ± 1.06 %) and soil moisture (29.71 ± 1.93 %) which were significantly different from pine and upland farming; the highest bacterial population and SOM content in each stands was produced in the top layer (0-10 cm) and decreases with increasing soil depth; the lowest soil moisture was obtained in the top layer and increases with increasing soil depth; and bacterial population had a very significant relationship and are positively correlated with SOM and negatively correlated with soil moisture.

Post-orthopedic surgery patients need to undergo a recovery process with immobilization to minimize pain or swelling. Maximum care through early mobilization intervention can accelerate the return of body function and minimize medical complications. This literature review aims to determine early mobilization-based interventions that can be applied to post-orthopedic surgery patients. The method used in reviewing this article is a scoping review of secondary data in online databases including EBSCOhost, PubMed, Sage, and ScienceDirect. There are 8 articles analyzed and the early mobilization interventions found include motion interventions (increasing range of motion), Progressive Muscle Relaxation interventions (reducing pain, increasing muscle strength effects and short-term kinesiophobia), weight bearing interventions (reducing stiffness and pain), positioning interventions (reducing post-operative blood loss and increasing range of motion), and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation interventions (increasing muscle strengthening). These five types of early mobilization can reduce the length of stay in the hospital. Early mobilization based on motion and PMR showed significantly better results because the range of motion recovery time was faster, which was six weeks after surgery. This literature review can provide additional information for nurses as nursing care providers or other health workers regarding the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in providing early mobilization interventions in post-orthopedic surgery patients. For further research, it is hoped that it can increase the research sample of post-orthopedic surgery patients in determining the effectiveness of various other early mobilization interventions in post-orthopedic surgery patients so that the review article can cover a wider range.

Material compatibility is still one of the serious problems in the application of biodiesel on diesel engine. One of the main causes of the problem is related to the flow-ability and filterability of biodiesel. Due to its physical and flow properties, biodiesel potentially caused a blockage in the filter higher than petro-diesel. The profile and mechanism of filter clogging or blockage due to the use of to biodiesel and the blends are investigated in the present work. Typical fuel oil filter used is a cartridge with media made from porous synthetic materials. Biodiesel used in this work is palm oil-based which is applied purely and in the blends of petro-diesel with composition of 20:80 (B20). It was tested in on boiler fuel system. Fuel passed on the system through the filter with a contact time of 3500 hours. The filter media is also observed by immersing it in B20 and B100 in the same time period. The result showed that the filter contacted to biodiesel was clogged faster than diesel oil (B0). On endoscopy microscope image, the filter media surface was clearly degraded. It shown that the pores of filter media are mostly covered by oil sludge. The filter blocking tendency (FBT) value is used to predict filter clogging time limit. In this work, the use of B20 performing FBT in ranges from 1.51-1.84, whereas the use of B100 ranges of 1.58-2.42 in a contact period of 3500 hours. The premature blockage was occurred in filter media contacted to B100, and a filter replacement is then required to conduct before 8 months. There is a significant relationship between the moisture content of biodiesel on the rate and characteristics of the filter clogging.

This study examined the effects of combining listening to the Holy Qur'an and back massage on fatigue and the quality of life in participants undergoing hemodialysis in Indonesia. This nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted in 40 patients ( n  = 20 intervention group, n  = 20 control group). The FACIT-fatigue scale was used to measure fatigue, and the KDQOL scale was used to measure quality of life. After the intervention, the mean score on the FACIT-fatigue scale in the intervention group was 36.7 ± 2.1, whereas it was 23.4 ± 5.8 in the control group. Likewise, while the average KDQOL score was 61.2 ± 5.8 in the intervention group, it was 49.5 ± 8.6 in the control group. In the between-group comparisons, fatigue score was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group ( p  < 0.05), and the between-group comparison also demonstrated a significant difference favoring the intervention group. We conclude that the combination of listening to the Holy Qur’an and back massage improve participant’s fatigue and quality of life.

We have rectified the list of ethnic groups in Java, which should include Madurese and the often neglected, forgotten, and stigmatized Chinese Indonesians [...]

This review aims to investigate the potential of telenursing as a nursing care delivery model for lung cancer throughout the COVID-19 pandemic using a scoping review. The Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) were used in this study. The topic was thoroughly researched in PubMed, CINAHL, and Science Direct. Based on the initial search, there were eight relevant studies out of 432. Websites, phone calls, and lifestream were among the telenursing models discovered in the care of lung cancer patients. The delivery care provided includes monitoring vital signs, symptoms, chemotherapy toxicity, support care, education, and postoperative rehabilitation. Telenursing is considered appropriate for lung cancer patients because it has been shown to help with symptom management, functional status, quality of life, and diminishing the demand for care support. Therefore, telenursing can be used to deliver care for lung cancer throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.