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Background African swine fever (ASF) continues to threaten the global pig industry, primarily due to the absence of effective treatments and vaccines, complicating disease management. Control measures depend on strict quarantine protocols, including culling infected animals and reducing wild boar populations. Effective ASF management in the wild involves controlling these populations, adhering to biosafety standards while hunting, identifying and safely disposing of boar carcasses, and isolating affected areas. Hunters are crucial for early ASF detection through both passive and active surveillance, influenced by their motivation and adherence to safety protocols. Results A pilot survey among hunters in an ASF-affected Russian region assessed attitudes toward control measures. The results showed skepticism about the effectiveness of individual hunting bans and additional feeding sites, although measures preventing wild boar-domestic pig contact and banning wild boar meat harvesting in affected areas were favored. The survey results also revealed shortcomings in hunters’ compliance with biosafety measures, such as disinfection methods, proper disposal of carcasses after butchering and lack of interaction with state veterinary services. Conclusions Evaluating hunters’ perspectives and active involvement in control efforts are crucial for effective ASF management. Hunter surveys serve as valuable tools for gathering information and should be utilized globally to enhance ASF control and hunting season biosecurity.

Power spectra of segmentation-cell length (a dominant length scale of EUV emission in the transition region) from full-disk He  ii extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images observed by the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) during periods of quiet-Sun conditions for a time interval from 1996 to 2015 were analyzed. The spatial power as a function of the spatial frequency from about 0.04 to 0.27 (EIT) or up to 0.48 (AIA) Mm −1 depends on the distribution of the observed segmentation-cell dimensions – a structure of the solar EUV network. The temporal variations of the spatial power reported by Didkovsky and Gurman ( Solar Phys. 289 , 153, 2014 ) were suggested as decreases at the mid-spatial frequencies for the compared spectra when the power curves at the highest spatial frequencies of 0.5 pix −1 were adjusted to match each other. This approach has been extended in this work to compare spectral ratios at high spatial frequencies expressed in the solar spatial frequency units of Mm −1 . A model of EIT and AIA spatial responses allowed us to directly compare spatial spectral ratios at high spatial frequencies for five years of joint operation of EIT and AIA, from 2010 to 2015. Based on this approach, we represent these ratio changes as a long-term network transformation that may be interpreted as a continuous dissipation of mid-size network structures to the smaller-size structures in the transition region. In contrast to expected cycling of the segmentation-cell dimension structures and associated spatial power in the spectra with the solar cycle, the spectra demonstrate a significant and steady change of the EUV network. The temporal trend across these structural spectra is not critically sensitive to any long-term instrumental changes, e.g. degradation of sensitivity, but to the change of the segmentation-cell dimensions of the EUV network structure.

Power spectra of segmentation-cell length (a dominant length scale of EUV emission in the transition region) from full-disk HeII extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images observed by the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) during periods of quiet Sun conditions for a time interval from 1996 to 2015 were analyzed. The spatial power as a function of the spatial frequency from about 0.04 to 0.27 (EIT) or up to 0.48 (AIA) 1/Mm depends on the distribution of the observed segmentation-cell dimensions, -- a structure of the solar EUV network. The temporal variations of the spatial power reported by Didkovsky and Gurman (Solar Phys., 289, 153) were suggested as decreases at the mid-spatial frequencies for the compared spectra when the power curves at the highest spatial frequencies of 0.5 1/pix were adjusted to match each other. That approach has been extended in this work to compare spectral ratios at high spatial frequencies expressed in the solar spatial frequency units of 1/Mm. Based on this approach we represent these ratio changes as a long-term network transformation which may be interpreted as a continuous dissipation of mid-size network structures to the smaller-size structures in the transition region. In contrast to expected cycling of the segmentation-cell dimension structures and associated spatial power in the spectra with the solar cycle, the spectra demonstrate a significant and steady change of the EUV network. The temporal trend across these structural spectra is not critically sensitive to any long-term instrumental changes, e.g. degradation of sensitivity, but to the change of the segmentation-cell dimensions of the EUV network structure.