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To evaluate whether patients with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) have early Parkinson's disease (PD). The clinical characteristics, striatal specific binding ratios (SBRs), and the indices of I-123 FP-CIT SPECT images of 50 SWEDD patients, 304 PD patients, and 141 healthy controls were acquired from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) data and evaluated during a 2-year clinical follow-up period. Of the 50 subjects with SWEDD, PD was confirmed in 13 subjects (the PD-SWEDD group), while the remaining 37 subjects had other diseases (the Other-SWEDD group). Striatal SBR values and striatal asymmetry indices of the PD group were significantly different with those of the PD-SWEDD and Other-SWEDD groups at both baseline and after 2 years (p < 0.001). Putaminal SBR values of the PD-SWEDD group were significantly decreased after 2 years (p < 0.05). There was no difference of the SBR values between baseline and after 2 years in the Other-SWEDD group. A baseline MDS-UPDRS III score matched comparison of the PD and PD-SWEDD group was done due to the large difference of the subject numbers. Striatal SBR values and striatal asymmetry indices were significantly different (p < 0.001) between the two groups at both baseline and after 2 years, but there were no significant difference with respect to the MDS-UPDRS III scores after 2 years between the two groups. The different SBR values and asymmetry indices between the PD and PD-SWEDD groups at baseline and after 2 years indicate that SWEDD may not be early PD, but rather a different disease entity.

Two genera ( Arthrolytus Thomson, 1878 and Schimitschekia Bouček, 1965) and seven species: Metastenus concinnus Walker, 1834, Pachyneuron grande Thomson, 1878 (Metasteninae), Merismus lasthenes (Walker, 1848), Schimitschekia katoi Kamijo, 1996 (Miscogasterinae), Arthrolytus usubai Kamijo, 1981, Chlorocytus polichna (Walker, 1848), and Norbanus scabriculus (Nees, 1834) (Pteromalinae), are recorded for the first time for the fauna of South Korea. A new species Norbanus arirangia sp. n. is described. The fauna of Pteromalidae of South Korea currently comprises 145 species belonging to 70 genera of 4 subfamilies.

BackgroundBariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity, capable of producing more than 50% excess weight loss at 10-year follow-up (James Clin Dermatol 1; 22:276-80; O’Brien Br J Surg 2; 102:611-17; Buchwald et al. Metab Syndr 3; 347-56). The success of bariatric surgery extends far beyond weight loss, with up to 80–90% of patients having improvement or resolution of many of their weight-related co-morbidities including type II diabetes mellitus and hypertension (Puzziferri et al. JAMA 4; 312:934-42; Buchwald et al. Am J Med 5; 122:248-56). However, there is a paucity of data regarding conversional bariatric surgery.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the efficacy, safety and feasibility of conversional surgery.SettingThis study represents the largest Australasian series focusing on conversional bariatric surgery. The study was conducted in the Norwest Private Hospital and Hospital for Specialist Surgery (HSS), both private Hospitals in Sydney, Australia.MethodsData was collected prospectively at regular intervals for more than 12 months from 1 January 2012 to 1st November 2015 for all patients requiring a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) as secondary procedure after prior laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB). Excess weight loss (EWL), percentage total body weight loss (TWL) and excess BMI loss (EBMIL) as well as any complications were recorded.ResultsThere were low rates of morbidity (1.1%) and no mortality at 12-month follow-up. Satisfactory EWL of 60% (95% CI: 56.6–63.4%), EBMIL of 60.1% (95% CI: 48.8–71.4%) and 16% TWL was achieved at 12-month follow-up.ConclusionWe therefore conclude that sleeve gastrectomy is a safe and valid option for conversional bariatric surgery following LAGB.

The urine immunochromatographic assay is a useful screening tool for patients suspected of acute drug intoxication in emergency conditions. Diphenhydramine intoxication shows symptoms similar to those of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) intoxication.We examined a case of diphenhydramine intoxication showing cerebellar ataxia and prolonged false positive results for TCA in the urine. The urine TCA test showed persistently positive results even 60 h after the patient's initial drug screening. We observed negative conversion 90 h after the initial drug screening.Considering the similarities of clinical symptoms between diphenhydramine and TCA intoxication, emergency physicians should consider the possibility of cross-reactivity in the diagnosis of a patient with unknown acute drug intoxication showing positive results of TCA immunochromatographic assay in the urine.The present case suggests that diphenhydramine overdose may cause cerebellar ataxia and show prolonged cross-reactivity as TCA in the urine.

Women are subject to a disproportionate burden from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and sex differences exist in treatment response and prognosis of the disease. Yet gender-specific risk factors have not been widely studied. We aimed to investigate gender-specific risk factors for AD in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants (n=294) with MCI were recruited from a nationwide, prospective cohort study of dementia and were followed for a median (range) of 13.8 (6.0–36.0) months. Sex-stratified associations of progression to AD with baseline characteristics were explored. Seventy-four individuals (25.2%) developed incident dementia (67AD) during follow-up. Significant risk factors for probable AD differed by sex. In men, the significant risk factors were severe periventricular white matter hyperintensities, and poorer global cognitive function. In women, older age, clinically significant depressive symptoms at baseline, and positive APOE ε4 alleles were the significant risk factors. Risk factors for progression from MCI to probable AD differed in men and women. These results may translate to gender-specific preventative or therapeutic strategies for patients with MCI.

Two genera ( Pseudocatolaccus Masi, 1908 and Pycnetron Gahan, 1925) and eight species, Lamprotatus hikosanus (Kamijo, 1960) (Miscogasterinae), Homoporus arestor (Walker, 1848), H. destructor (Say, 1817), H. japonicus Ashmead, 1904, H. subniger (Walker, 1835), Pseudocatolaccus sayatamabae Ishii, 1950, Pycnetron curculionidis Gahan, 1925, and Synedrus transiens (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalinae), are recorded for the first time for the fauna of South Korea. The male of Lamprotatus hikosanus is described for the first time. New biological data for P. curculionidis Gahan are reported. The Pteromalidae fauna of South Korea currently comprises 118 species belonging to 62 genera of 4 subfamilies.

A new genus Magneclava gen. n. with the type species Magneclava sergeyi sp. n. is described from South Korea. The new genus is similar to Psilocera Walker, 1833, from which it may be distinguished by a very large antennal clava, longer than F1–F6 combined; lower margin of clypeus with angulate medial tooth; notauli of mesosoma complete and shallow, and propodeum without costula and transverse carinae.

INTRODUCTION We investigated the efficacy of a multidomain intervention (MI) via face‐to‐face and video communication platforms using a tablet personal computer application in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Three hundred participants with MCI and ≥ 1 modifiable dementia risk factor, aged 60‐85 years, were randomly assigned to either the MI group, who underwent a 24‐week intervention, or the control group, who received usual care. RESULTS The overall adherence rate to MI was 84.7%. The adjusted mean change from baseline at 24 weeks in the total scale index score of the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status was 8.43 in the MI group and 4.26 in the control group (difference, 4.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.92‐6.43; p < 0.001). MI showed significant beneficial effects on cognition in both apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers and noncarriers. DISCUSSION MI can exert beneficial effects on the cognition of patients with MCI. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05023057 Highlights Although the controls also demonstrated improved performance in cognition, multidomain interventions showed significantly greater benefits for cognition in MCI compared to the controls in a randomized controlled trial. Multidomain interventions improved depression and quality of life. Multidomain interventions significantly positively impacted cognition in both APOE ε4 carriers and noncarriers. Multidomain interventions may be more effective for amnestic than nonamnestic MCI.

Purpose The use of component separation results in myofascial release and increased rates of fascial closure in abdominal wall reconstruction(AWR). These complex dissections have been associated with increased rates of wound complications with anterior component separation having the greatest wound morbidity. The aim of this paper was to compare the wound complication rate between perforator sparing anterior component separation(PS-ACST) and transversus abdominus release(TAR). Methods Patients were identified from a prospective, single institution hernia center database who underwent PS-ACST and TAR from 2015 to 2021. The primary outcome was wound complication rate. Standard statistical methods were used, univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed. Results A total of 172 patients met criteria, 39 had PS-ACST and 133 had TAR performed. The PS-ACST and TAR groups were similar in terms of diabetes (15.4% vs 28.6%, p = 0.097), but the PS-ACST group had a greater percentage of smokers (46.2% vs 14.3%, p < 0.001). The PS-ACST group had a larger hernia defect size (375.2 ± 156.7 vs 234.4 ± 126.9cm 2 , p < 0.001) and more patients who underwent preoperative Botulinum toxin A (BTA) injections (43.6% vs 6.0%, p < 0.001). The overall wound complication rate was not significantly different (23.1% vs 36.1%, p = 0.129) nor was the mesh infection rate (0% vs 1.6%, p = 0.438). Using logistic regression, none of the factors that were significantly different in the univariate analysis were associated with wound complication rate (all p > 0.05). Conclusion PS-ACST and TAR are comparable in terms of wound complication rates. PS-ACST can be used for large hernia defects and promote fascial closure with low overall wound morbidity and perioperative complications.