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Cerebrovascular accidents like ischemic stroke and cardiovascular diseases together serve as the cause for 17.7 million deaths, in which Indians account for one-fifth of these cases. Around 4–30% of patients taking clopidogrel have no or reduced antiplatelet response. Clopidogrel response is influenced by genetic factors as well as non-genetic factors such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age, gender, social habits, and drug-drug interactions. This study evaluates the prevalence of P2Y12 and the association between P2Y12 polymorphism and clopidogrel therapy in recurrent stroke and myocardial infarction. A prospective observational study was carried out during November 2024 to June 2025, which included adults above 18 years with the diagnosis of stroke, TIA, MI, on single or dual antiplatelet therapy and excluded pregnant and lactating women as well as history of intracerebral haemorrhage, left ventricular (LV) clot, atrial fibrillation and cardiac embolism. Patients were classified into recurrent and non-recurrent groups based on the presence of recurrent ischemic events. Among the 100 participants who were recruited into the study, 62% of recurrent participants were between the ages of 55–75 years old. Among our cohort participants, the P2Y12 polymorphism showed no significant association with recurrent stroke. The etiological factors, hypertension was significantly associated in recurrent cases (p = 0.029), with longer duration of hypertension leading to recurrence (p = 0.001). Poor glycaemic control (GRBS > 200 mg/dL, 60% recurrent vs. 20% non-recurrent, p = 0.001) and smoking (p = 0.004) were other key risk factors. This study found that the P2Y12 polymorphism was not significantly associated with recurrent events in this study population, while hypertension, poor glycaemic control and smoking demonstrated statistically significant association. Further studies considering large and diverse cohorts with long-term follow-up, incorporating additional polymorphisms in association with recurrent events, may help with a positive outcome. This study emphasises the need to integrate genetic testing into clinical practice could help doctors tailor clopidogrel therapy to individual patients, improving treatment outcomes and reducing recurrent stroke and cardiovascular events.

The paper describes about Robotic Arm controlled by using the hand motion done at one place and that motion will be replicated in any part of the world using Internet of Things (IoT). Different position sensors for sensing human arm motion are placed at different joints to know the positions and send them to the cloud so the other Robotic Arm, which is at other place reads the data in the cloud and positions accordingly to that data received using Internet of Things (IoT). The application of Robotic Arm can be seen at the places where the humans cannot enter like coalmines, gas mines, radiation places etc... Where human interaction directly can be harmful. This can also be used for disabled to impersonate their hand motions.

The deep drawing process is a forming process which occurs under a combination of tensile and compressive conditions. Formability is the ability of a given metal work piece to undergo plastic deformation without being damaged. The plastic deformation capacity of metallic materials, however, is limited to a certain extent, at which point, the material could experience tearing or fracture. Formability of sheet metal can be evaluated by various tests like swift cup drawing test, fukui's conical cup drawing test, erichsan cupping test, osu Formability Test, Hydraulic Bulge Test, Duncan Friction Test. These tests are widely used to evaluate of formability for different sheet metals. In this paper, swift cup and erichsen cupping tests presented.

A tailor welded blank consist of two or more sheet metals which are welded together prior to forming. The sheets which are welded together may be different in size, shape and even in thickness also. The blanks may be also differing in sense of coating and material grade also. This different blanks are welded together to form in to one continuous blank. In industries since last long years the materials which are used for preparing tailor welded blanks in general are combinations of mild steel to stainless steel with different grades. Also the common materials which are used for making tailor welded blanks are generally aluminium alloys with different grades or it may be combination of aluminium and steel alloy sheets. Most tailor welded blanks today embody a multiple thickness design in order to eliminate the use of extra reinforcing components. The advantages of using tailor welded blanks are numerous, they ensure that the components are light, stronger, and provide required functionality at lower cost than parts made from monolithic pressed sheets, as well as improving structural integrity, safety and corrosion resistance in specific areas. In an automotive application, Tailor welded blanks eliminate the need for reinforcement, resulting in an overall reduction in vehicle body weight. The use of different strength or thickness in a single part can simplify the whole structure of a vehicle. Low car weight means improved fuel economy that is very important to today's energy consumption. Decrease of automobile parts number. This paper presents the tailor welded blanks of steel alloys tensile specimens are prepared and tested through uniaxial tensile test. Determined mechanical properties of tailor welded sheet metal blanks and also studies done on those properties.

There are 7.5 billion inhabitants and over 7,117 languages existing around the world, but only 20% of the people speak English. To understand the wisdom and knowledge of other cultures language translation becomes a basic need. In this paper, a computer-assisted document parsing tool is investigated. The proposed approach uses a language translator that performs translation from images eliminating the need of a human translator for images avoiding the scope for misinterpretation and misunderstanding among people of different ethnic groups. The proposed tool is also capable of performing web crawling using Django Representational State Transfer framework. Further, the proposed approach employs Python packages such as pytesseract, textblob and beautifulsoup to perform Optical Character Recognition, Translation and Extraction of Hypertext Markup Language data respectively. Experimental results of translation on four different categories of images such as Maps, Comics, Newspapers and Magazines, Scientific Publications demonstrate an accuracy of 97.2%, 93.3%, 95.82% and 98.27% respectively. By considering websites like E-commerce, Magazines, Blogs, Social Media, News and Educational sites average precision of 5.4, recall of 7.45 and F-score of 6.24 is achieved. The results reveal that the proposed system can be used as an improvement over a human translator and a data entry operator.

There are many factors due to which accident occur on roads. It has been proved that for fatal road accidents, driving under the alcohol influence is one of the major causes. This methodology of detection system can be a answer for this issue. This system senses whether the driver consumed alcohol or not with the help of MQ3 sensor. If driver has consumed alcohol an immediate SMS alert goes to a related person conveying that the driver is intoxicated and the vehicle slows down and stops after some time giving sufficient time to the driver to park the vehicle or stop it to the side of the road as the buzzer makes a sound until the vehicle is stopped. Also, the location of the person is sent by GSM module which connects it to Google maps. Sometimes it is possible that the person driving the car may undergo sudden stress, distraction or a seizure or cardiac arrest or ill where the person becomes unable to drive. This may prove fatal not only to the person experiencing this but also to the people on road. To avoid this, a pulse sensor is placed where in these can be detected by recording the change in pulse rates. When a drastic change in pulse rate is detected a message is sent to the relevant person that the person needs help and also the position of the effected person is sent. The system also slows down and stops the car to minimize the damage to people on road.

The pure metals are having their benefits and shortcomings. Some were having good ductility, some having good strength and some were having good thermal properties. If we were in a need of all these properties together it would occupy more space, more cost, and add additional weight to the product. To overcome all these problems, worked on Aluminium Metal Matrix. For this process, considered copper as reinforcement to the Aluminium base metal matrix. Aluminium Metal Matrix composite is produced by using the Stir casting method, which is the easiest and cost-effective method. Produced composite material with different compositions of reinforcement (Plane, 5% Cu, 10% Cu and 15% Cu) to Aluminium base Matrix. For each composition, found the values of thermal properties experimentally analyzed the variation of all properties concerning the change in the composition of copper material.

Neurological manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS are being recognized with a frequency that parallels the increasing number of AIDS cases. Next to sub-Saharan Africa, India has the second largest burden of HIV related pathology, essentially caused by HIV-1 clade C in both the geographic locales, in contrast to USA and Europe. But the true prevalence of HIV related neuroinfections and pathology is not available due to inadequate medical facilities, social stigma and ignorance that lead to underdiagnosis. Neurotuberculosis, followed by cryptococcosis and toxoplasmosis in various combinations are the major neuropathologies reflecting the endemicity and manifesting clinically by reactivation of latent infection. Discordance in the clinical prevalence of various infections, when compared to pathological studies highlight similarities in clinical, radiological modalities of diagnosis and inherent problems in establishing definitive diagnosis. Viral infections appear to be relatively rare. Inspite of heavy burden of HIV/AIDS, HIV associated neoplasia is infrequent, including primary CNS lymphomas. HIV encephalitis and HIV associated dementia are considered infrequent, though systematic studies have just been initiated in various centres. Peripheral neuropathy characteristically manifests with vasculitic neuropathy while diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) involving nerves has not been reported from India. Spinal cord pathology including vacuolar myelopathy is rare, even in asymptomatic cases. Till now the AIDS cases in India were drug naive but a new cohort of cases following initiation of HAART therapy as a national policy is soon emerging, altering the biology and evolution of HIV/AIDS in India. Lacunae in the epidemiology, diagnosis and study of biology of HIV/AIDS are outlined for future research.