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"Kumar Sanjay"
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Rise of the plebeians? : the changing face of Indian legislative assemblies
Contributed articles on the caste membership of the members of state-level legislative assemblies of India.
Book
Performance analysis of partially shaded high-efficiency mono PERC/mono crystalline PV module under indoor and environmental conditions
The ever-increasing demand for sustainable energy has drawn attention towards photovoltaic efficiency and reliability. In this context, the shading and associated hotpot degradation within PV modules has become an important area of research and development. The experimental approach of this paper aims to investigate single cell shading in high efficiency monocrystalline silicon PV PERC modules. Prior to the outdoor experiment, the PV module underwent experimental testing under STC to determine variation in electrical and thermal behaviour due to partial shading. The indoor experiments are performed using Sun-simulator and the I–V and P–V curves are analysed. Further, the outdoor experiments were performed under realistic conditions. In both cases, results showed that during 40–60% shading in single cell leads to critical shading scenario causing significant drop in power output in comparison with their unshaded conditions. The maximum power loss of 36.34% and 42% is recorded for indoor and outdoor experiments. The outdoor experiments recorded hotspot temperature of 85–90.1 °C under respective 40% and 60% critical shading scenarios. The efficiency recorded in the time interval of 11:00:00 and 11:30:00 was highest for the solar radiations between 940 and 990 W/m
2
. The maximum drop in efficiency is recorded from noon till 13:30:00 time of the day. Development of hotspot is directly related to the failure or malfunction of protecting system. Hence the importance of type of PV technology, amount of shading, and critical shading scenario is presented in the study. This study is important for researcher and manufacture to consider single cell shading in PV technology.
Journal Article
Molecular Mechanisms and Applications of N-Acyl Homoserine Lactone-Mediated Quorum Sensing in Bacteria
Microbial biodiversity includes biotic and abiotic components that support all life forms by adapting to environmental conditions. Climate change, pollution, human activity, and natural calamities affect microbial biodiversity. Microbes have diverse growth conditions, physiology, and metabolism. Bacteria use signaling systems such as quorum sensing (QS) to regulate cellular interactions via small chemical signaling molecules which also help with adaptation under undesirable survival conditions. Proteobacteria use acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) molecules as autoinducers to sense population density and modulate gene expression. The LuxI-type enzymes synthesize AHL molecules, while the LuxR-type proteins (AHL transcriptional regulators) bind to AHLs to regulate QS-dependent gene expression. Diverse AHLs have been identified, and the diversity extends to AHL synthases and AHL receptors. This review comprehensively explains the molecular diversity of AHL signaling components of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chromobacterium violaceum, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Escherichia coli. The regulatory mechanism of AHL signaling is also highlighted in this review, which adds to the current understanding of AHL signaling in Gram-negative bacteria. We summarize molecular diversity among well-studied QS systems and recent advances in the role of QS proteins in bacterial cellular signaling pathways. This review describes AHL-dependent QS details in bacteria that can be employed to understand their features, improve environmental adaptation, and develop broad biomolecule-based biotechnological applications.
Journal Article
Independent regulation of tumor cell migration by matrix stiffness and confinement
Tumor invasion and metastasis are strongly regulated by biophysical interactions between tumor cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). While the influence of ECM stiffness on cell migration, adhesion, and contractility has been extensively studied in 2D culture, extension of this concept to 3D cultures that more closely resemble tissue has proven challenging, because perturbations that change matrix stiffness often concurrently change cellular confinement. This coupling is particularly problematic given that matrix-imposed steric barriers can regulate invasion speed independent of mechanics. Here we introduce a matrix platform based on microfabrication of channels of defined wall stiffness and geometry that allows independent variation of ECM stiffness and channel width. For a given ECM stiffness, cells confined to narrow channels surprisingly migrate faster than cells in wide channels or on unconstrained 2D surfaces, which we attribute to increased polarization of cell-ECM traction forces. Confinement also enables cells to migrate increasingly rapidly as ECM stiffness rises, in contrast with the biphasic relationship observed on unconfined ECMs. Inhibition of nonmuscle myosin II dissipates this traction polarization and renders the relationship between migration speed and ECM stiffness comparatively insensitive to matrix confinement. We test these hypotheses in silico by devising a multiscale mathematical model that relates cellular force generation to ECM stiffness and geometry, which we show is capable of recapitulating key experimental trends. These studies represent a paradigm for investigating matrix regulation of invasion and demonstrate that matrix confinement alters the relationship between cell migration speed and ECM stiffness.
Journal Article
هل أطفالكم آمنون ؟
هذا الكتاب هو أكثر من مجرد دليل يهدف إلى تزويد الوالدين بمعلومات ونصائح مفيدة حول حماية الأطفال على الإنترنت، فهو يحتوي على تفاصيل المخاطر المرتبطة بالإنترنت ومواقع الشبكات الاجتماعية. لقد سرد المؤلف بدقة أعراض التحذير والعلامات التي يظهرها الأطفال الذين يواجهون تهديدات على الإلكترونية. فضلا عن التدابير العلاجية العملية، هذا الكتاب يستند إلى حوداث حقيقة وخبرات المؤلف في حياته المهنية المتميزة التي تمتد إلى 12 عاما كضابط شرطة متخصص.
BOOK
Combustion and Stubble Burning: A Major Concern for the Environment and Human Health
Combustion is an essential process for humanity, but it has created turbulence in society due to the pollutant emissions from the partial completion of its process and its byproducts. The regular population is unaware of the repercussions being faced in terms of health deterioration, product quality degradation, biodiversity loss, and environmental harm. Although strategic planning against the effects is being applied sideways by the authorities to the local population and industrial facilities, the awareness in the local population is still minimal. The indicators for bioremediation being required, observed through increased sales of pharmaceutical medicines and supplements, air filters, and new techniques, include smog, elevation in respiratory disease, health immune system deterioration, decreasing life span, increasing mortality rate, and degradation in the food and water quality. This article gives a brief overview of the problems being faced due to uncontrolled combustion activities, the sources of pollutants, their creation, emission, and dispersal process, along with the mitigation techniques developed to overcome the after-effects on human health and environment.
Journal Article
Sustainable civil engineering : principles and applications
\"The text discusses concepts related to sustainable civil engineering practices in a single volume. It will be an ideal reference text for senior undergraduate students, graduate students and professionals in the fields of civil engineering, environmental engineering, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Financing the hydrogen industry: exploring demand and supply chain dynamics
The hydrogen industry has garnered substantial attention as a pivotal solution in addressing the intricate challenges of energy transition and achieving decarbonization across diverse sectors. The efficacy of deploying hydrogen technologies hinges upon the availability of robust financing mechanisms that can adequately support the dynamic demands and intricate supply chain intricacies inherent in the hydrogen sector. This comprehensive study is underpinned by a rigorous and systematic review of prior research on the hydrogen economy, leveraging authoritative databases including Web of Science, Scopus, and a range of consultancy-based reports. The study meticulously assesses the escalating interest in hydrogen as a paramount clean energy alternative, emphasizing its significance in propelling the multifaceted development and expansion of hydrogen supply chain dynamics. Furthermore, this research critically scrutinizes the intricate financial facets of the hydrogen sector, with a specific focus on delineating the drivers of demand and unraveling the complexities interwoven within the supply chain. Building upon this analysis, the study offers a forward-looking perspective on hydrogen financing, which considers emerging technologies, evolving policy landscapes, and dynamic market trends. In the face of existing global constraints within the hydrogen supply chain, innovative financing mechanisms such as green bonds, project financing underwritten by risk guarantees through public–private partnership paradigms, venture capital-equity models, and carbon pricing mechanisms emerge as indispensable tools poised to address these challenges effectively.
Journal Article