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Background We evaluated the predictive factors for surgical site infections (SSIs) in elective colorectal cancer surgery and the role of antimicrobial stewardship (AS) pharmacists in modifying the clinical pathway. Main body Between February 2017 and January 2022, 414 elective colorectal cancer surgeries were performed. The results of multivariate analysis by SSI incidence were adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22–0.96 ( P  = 0.039) for sex (female), aOR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.13–0.58 ( P  < 0.001) for laparoscopy, aOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.19–0.91 ( P  = 0.029) for chemical bowel preparation. The median (interquartile range) postoperative length of stay was 12 (10.0–18.5) vs. 10 (9.0–13.0) days before and after the clinical pathway was modified ( P  < 0.001). Conclusion The role of AS pharmacists was primarily to conduct a literature search to explore whether SSIs could be ameliorated by pharmacotherapy, coordinate the addition of chemical bowel preparation, and epidemiologically confirm their effectiveness.

Public policy denotes a government’s formal intent to address specific issues in pursuit of defined objectives. The vision and mission of school feeding have progressively expanded. This study examined school feeding policy objectives across multiple countries, drawing on data from the Global Survey of School Meal Programs, and identified 23 relevant policies. The objectives were classified into five domains: health and nutrition, education, social protection, agriculture, and other areas. Japan is particularly notable for distinctive aims, including enhancing school life, fostering sociability and cooperation, promoting appreciation of nature, and cultivating respect for life and the natural world.