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In 11q23 leukemias, the N-terminal part of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene is fused to >60 different partner genes. In order to define a core set of MLL rearranged targets, we investigated the genome-wide binding of the MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 fusion proteins and associated epigenetic signatures in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines THP-1 and MV4-11. We uncovered both common as well as specific MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 target genes, which were all marked by H3K79me2, H3K27ac and H3K4me3. Apart from promoter binding, we also identified MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 binding at specific subsets of non-overlapping active distal regulatory elements. Despite this differential enhancer binding, MLL-AF9 and MLL-AF4 still direct a common gene program, which represents part of the RUNX1 gene program and constitutes of CD34 + and monocyte-specific genes. Comparing these data sets identified several zinc finger transcription factors (TFs) as potential MLL-AF9 co-regulators. Together, these results suggest that MLL fusions collaborate with specific subsets of TFs to deregulate the RUNX1 gene program in 11q23 AMLs.

The critical issue of high resistance at the interface between cathode and solid electrolyte for creating all-solid-state power sources can be addressed by introducing a low-melting additive (Li 3 BO 3 ) and lithium-conducting solid electrolyte (Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 ) in the LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 cathode mass. The chemical and thermal stability of the solid electrolyte in contact with LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 and Li 3 BO 3 was studied using XRD and DSC analysis. It was found that the introduction of 5 wt% Li 3 BO 3 in LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 leads to a close contact between the solid electrolyte and cathode and a decrease in the interfacial resistance from 45000 to 85 Ω cm 2 at 300 °C compared to pure LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 . The addition of 5 wt% lithium-conductive electrolyte to the cathode mass does not lead to significant changes in interface resistance. No degradation processes in the components of the experimental cell with composite cathode and Li anode were found during electrochemical experiments. Graphical abstract

The critical issue of high resistance at the interface between cathode and solid electrolyte for creating all-solid-state power sources can be addressed by introducing a low-melting additive (Li.sub.3BO.sub.3) and lithium-conducting solid electrolyte (Li.sub.7La.sub.3Zr.sub.2O.sub.12) in the LiNi.sub.1/3Co.sub.1/3Mn.sub.1/3O.sub.2 cathode mass. The chemical and thermal stability of the solid electrolyte in contact with LiNi.sub.1/3Co.sub.1/3Mn.sub.1/3O.sub.2 and Li.sub.3BO.sub.3 was studied using XRD and DSC analysis. It was found that the introduction of 5 wt% Li.sub.3BO.sub.3 in LiNi.sub.1/3Co.sub.1/3Mn.sub.1/3O.sub.2 leads to a close contact between the solid electrolyte and cathode and a decrease in the interfacial resistance from 45000 to 85 [Omega] cm.sup.2 at 300 °C compared to pure LiNi.sub.1/3Co.sub.1/3Mn.sub.1/3O.sub.2. The addition of 5 wt% lithium-conductive electrolyte to the cathode mass does not lead to significant changes in interface resistance. No degradation processes in the components of the experimental cell with composite cathode and Li anode were found during electrochemical experiments.

A methodology has been developed for the scientific preparation of cartographic information about a natural geographical object to assess the environmental risks of environmental management in the regions. The study was performed on a scale of 1 : 8 000 000 for the territory located in the sector of the catchment area of the Arctic Ocean, extending from the world watershed located in the center of Mongolia to the oceanic subarctic of the Russian Federation. Using geoinformation methods, a basic map has been developed from multiscale maps of geosystems previously created for individual sections of the studied region as a single methodological and information basis for assessing the state of geosystems and predicting its possible anthropogenic change. Using the principles of classification and methods of integration mapping of geosystems proposed by academician V.B. Sochava, a special classification of geosystems adapted to a new scale has been created, reflecting their organization, mechanisms of functioning, and transformation. Based on the results of landscape–ecological and anthropoecological interpretation of geosystem information, indicator signs and criteria for assessing natural environmental risk were developed, which were used as an information basis for cartographic multifunctional zoning of the territory. The “Geosystems of the Mongolian–Siberian Region” and “Geoecozones of the Mongolian–Siberian Region” maps will have theoretical and practical significance for solving complex problems of environmentally oriented nature management and planning and forecasting the development of a vast territory of extratropical Asia.

The effect of grazing intensity on the physicochemical properties and biological activity of soils in mountain pastures of the Eastern Caucasus has been studied. The objects of the study are represented by Leptic Umbrisols developed on colluvium of the Upper Cretaceous limestones at 1620–1660 m a.s.l. Microbial biomass, enzymatic activity, and the sizes of the fractions in the pool of active soil organic matter have been determined. It is shown that intense grazing on the slopes of southern exposure causes a decrease in the content of Corg and microbial biomass, while pH values, carbonate content, urease activity, and the content of soil skeletal skeleton fractions increase. Intense grazing on the northern slopes results mostly in a decrease in the activity of β-glucosidase and an increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase, as well as in the biomass of fungal mycelium. Intense grazing leads to changes in the structure of the active pool of soil organic matter. The time of complete decomposition of difficultly mineralizable carbon fractions in the zone of intense grazing on the slope of the northern exposure decreases twofold. A decrease in the content of potentially mineralizable and difficultly mineralizable organic matter is noted on the slopes of the southern exposure. At the same time, the content of easily mineralizable organic carbon decreases to a lesser extent. On the contrary, in the soils on the north-facing slope, intense grazing leads to a slight increase in the active pool of organic matter. Thus, the organic matter and biological activity of soils of the slopes of southern exposure in the mountainous zone of the Eastern Caucasus are more susceptible to the destructive influence of grazing, which should be taken into account when calculating the norms of pasture load.

Two types of multielectron effects of X-ray photoemission in chalcogenide semiconductors Cu 2 SnS 3 , Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 , and CuGaTe 2 have been experimentally studied. The first type is interatomic Auger transitions with electron ejection from the inner levels of atoms surrounding copper (Sn, In, Ga), which arise as a result of the decay of the photohole formed on copper atoms during absorption of synchrotron radiation. And the second type is the characteristic loss of kinetic energy during direct photoemission from the core–electron levels of tin atoms due to the dynamic Coulomb field of the photohole, the inclusion of which leads to the shaking of Sn4 d electrons into unoccupied states. The cause of both effects is the extremely nonequilibrium nature of the atom photoionization, which generates an almost instantaneous inclusion of the Coulomb field of the photohole in one of the inner levels of the atom. The surrounding electrons are subjected to a kind of impact and can increase their energy by tens of electron volts. The experiments show that the electrons of the 4 d levels are “shaken up” most effectively. Firstly, there are many of them (ten per atom) and, secondly, due to the large centrifugal barrier, these electrons are on the periphery of the atom, as are unoccupied free states, into which they pass when the photohole field is turned on.

We studied the effects of visceral obesity induced by a high-calorie diet and health-improving variants of its correction on morphological characteristics of the muscle tissue in male Wistar rats. At stage I, the rats received standard (StD) or high-calorie diet (HCD) for 8 weeks. At stage II, the animals were divided into the following subgroups: no correction (StD and HCD), switching from HCD to StD (HCD/StD) and/or connection of physical activity in the form of treadmill running (StD+running, HCD+running, and HCD/StD+running) for the next 8 weeks. Diet-induced visceral obesity was shown to result in a decrease in the weight of the triceps surae muscle, fatty infiltration, intracellular edema, partial lysis of contractile elements, weak inflammatory response, and decreased muscle fiber area on cross section. Treadmill running (HCD+running) exacerbates the morphological changes, but returns muscle fiber area to normal. Correction of visceral obesity and relative normalization of muscle tissue structure was noted when switching to a standard diet (HCD/StD and HCD/StD+running).

The methods for increasing gas-turbine aircraft engines' (GTE) adaptive properties to interference based on empowerment of automatic control systems (ACS) are analyzed. The flow pulsation in suction and a discharge line of the compressor, which may cause the stall, are considered as the interference. The algorithmic solution to the problem of GTE pre-stall modes' control adapted to stability boundary is proposed. The aim of the study is to develop the band-pass filtering algorithms to provide the detection functions of the compressor pre-stall modes for ACS GTE. The characteristic feature of pre-stall effect is the increase of pressure pulsation amplitude over the impeller at the multiples of the rotor' frequencies. The used method is based on a band-pass filter combining low-pass and high-pass digital filters. The impulse response of the high-pass filter is determined through a known low-pass filter impulse response by spectral inversion. The resulting transfer function of the second order band-pass filter (BPF) corresponds to a stable system. The two circuit implementations of BPF are synthesized. Designed band-pass filtering algorithms were tested in MATLAB environment. Comparative analysis of amplitude-frequency response of proposed implementation allows choosing the BPF scheme providing the best quality of filtration. The BPF reaction to the periodic sinusoidal signal, simulating the experimentally obtained pressure pulsation function in the pre-stall mode, was considered. The results of model experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of applying band-pass filtering algorithms as part of ACS to identify the pre-stall mode of the compressor for detection of pressure fluctuations' peaks, characterizing the compressor's approach to the stability boundary.

The microbiome of the black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) formed in real rearing substrates in close to industrial conditions was studied. The used substrates, dairy waste and feeding yeasts, differed in the sources of protein, which are available in commercial rearing of the black soldier fly (BSF). Amplicon 16S rRNA sequencing of the BSFL gut metagenome reveals high variability in the microbiome composition. The only bacteria genus found in all the studied developmental stages of BSFL was Enterococcus . We identified typical microorganisms for the initial and final stages of the experiment, as well as typical patterns in changes of the abundance of the main groups of microorganisms. It has been noted that many microorganisms previously believed to be members of the core microbiome of BSFL gut (such as Dysgonomonas ) may be completely absent. It is important that the change of rearing conditions influences also the BSFL microbiome: opportunistic pathogen microorganisms, as well as unwanted histamine-poisoning bacteria can appear. Most of them belong to the families Enterobacteriaceae, Morganelliaceae, and Campylobacteriaceae. Other conditions prompt development of spore-forming bacilli, the presence of which may prevent successful heat sterilization of the final product (larva biomass). However, various modifications of substrate composition and the duration of the larva rearing lead to a reduction or complete elimination of unwanted microorganisms.

Using the sol-gel and coprecipitation methods, individual oxides of silicon, titanium, zirconium and double oxides TiO 2 –SiO 2 , TiO 2 –ZrO 2 , ZrO 2 –SiO 2 have been synthesized. Modification with carboxylic acids was carried out at the final stage of synthesis before drying. Their adsorption and acid-base properties, which allowed establish a number of key parameters that determine the texture and features of the hydrate-hydroxyl structure of the samples, were studied in the range pK = 1.3–11.6. It was shown that the formation of a molecular imprint of aromatic carboxylic acids in composites during their sol-gel synthesis is an efficient approach for creating catalysts for the asymmetric Biginelli reaction. Graphical abstract Highlights Using the sol–gel and co-precipitation methods, individual oxides of silicon, titanium, zirconium, as well as double oxides TiO 2 –SiO 2 , TiO 2 –ZrO 2 , ZrO 2 –SiO 2 , modified with carboxylic acids were synthesized. It has been established that the introduction of certain aromatic carboxylic acids leads to a significant decrease in the specific surface area and sorption volume of the composites. The creation of a molecular imprint of carboxylic acids makes it possible to increase the catalytic activity of composites in the Biginelli reaction.