Explore the vast range of titles available.

To characterize sex- and age-specific changes in the comprehensive burden of major chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) and their attributable risk factors among adults aged ≥55 years globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database. Utilizing the GBD 2021 database, we performed in-depth analyses and preliminary projections of global, regional, and national burden trends for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and interstitial lung disease & pulmonary sarcoidosis (ILD&PS) through multi-model approaches including but not limited to Age-Period-Cohort (APC) models, Joinpoint regression, and Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) modeling. The overall global CRD burden among adults ≥55 years declined from 1990 to 2021. However, the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic differentially altered asthma and COPD prevalence and incidence trends globally: low Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions experienced an accelerated increase in prevalence, while high SDI regions showed a steeper rise in incidence. High mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates remained concentrated in low-middle SDI regions, notably Asia and North America. Consequently, prevalent CRD cases in this age group reached 223 million (95% UI 206.5-241.5) in 2021-accounting for half of all-age cases-with 18.47 million incident cases (95% UI 16.97-20.11), causing 4.15 million deaths (95% UI 3.76-4.58) and 83.67 million DALYs (95% UI 77.49-90.36). Air pollution, smoking, obesity, and chronic cold exposure persistently influenced COPD and asthma prevalence across regions and sexes. The pandemic shifted global CRD burden trends, particularly for asthma followed by COPD. Concurrent with global aging, burden trajectories across SDI levels raise concerns. As COVID-19 becomes endemic, older adults will experience impacts from recurrent viral infections, increasingly manifesting in coming years.

Objective The aim is to empirically explore the relationship between the occurrence of affective distress and the fear transformation in cancer patients, and to analyze the theoretical implications of their development from multiple perspectives. Methods Relevant studies on the transformation of affective distress into fear in cancer patients were retrieved from databases including CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), Wan Fang Data, SinoMed (China Biomedical Literature Database), PubMed, Embase, and others, up to July 12, 2025. Meta-analysis of the included studies was performed using R 4.4.1. Results ①A total of 27 studies were included in this research, covering 9 types of cancer and involving 14,011 participants. These included 24 cross-sectional studies, 2 cohort studies, and 1 case-control study. ②The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between the occurrence of fear and depressive emotions in cancer patients [1.63, 95% CI (1.40, 1.88), P  < 0.001]. Multi-factor meta-regression analysis explained 59.31% of the total heterogeneity at the model level, although the source of heterogeneity remained unclear. Subgroup analysis showed that affective distress in cancer patients was more likely to evolve toward fear of cancer progression[2.13, 95% CI (1.41, 3.23), P  < 0.001]. Additionally, female cancer patients were more susceptible to the influence of affective distress[2.36, 95% CI (1.54, 3.63), P  < 0.001], leading to a higher likelihood of experiencing fear. ③Previous literature studies have shown that various hormones (such as dopamine, oxytocin, cortisol, etc.) influence the emotional evolution process through the neuroendocrine system, specifically the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Additionally, multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines, including microglial cells, are involved in this process and trigger immune responses, collectively affecting the fear circuits in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. Conclusion The depressive emotions and fear states in cancer patients are independently associated, and several mechanisms and theories partially suggest a potential causal relationship. However, due to limitations in the research methods, further clinical trials and basic research are still needed to provide more robust evidence for this causal relationship and biological mechanisms.

Novel hierarchical architectures of Sb 2 WO 6 are synthesized successfully by a simple hydrothermal process without any organic solvent or surfactant. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared products are characterized in detail. Interestingly, the morphologies of Sb 2 WO 6 could be selectively controlled by adjusting pH values of the reactive solutions. The tuft-like, cockscomb-like, and flower-like hierarchical architectures are obtained at pH = 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Based on the time-dependent experimental results, a possible growth mechanism is proposed, which reasonably follows a synergy interaction of reaction–crystallization and dissolution–recrystallization processes. The photocatalytic activities of the novel hierarchical Sb 2 WO 6 are evaluated by the decomposition of azo compounds for the first time. Results show that the as-prepared samples exhibit the excellent photocatalytic activity and universality for the reduction of azo compounds. The conversion of methyl orange reaches 98 % after 140 min of light irradiation. HPLC–MS indicates that the selectivity of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid is over 99 %.

In this work, nanostructured polystyrene/polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (PS–PANI/rGO) hybrid materials based on in situ reduction of graphene oxide with ascorbic acid and self-assembly have been successfully prepared for electrochemical supercapacitor and Na-ion battery applications. The supercapacitor based on the PS–PANI/rGO as an electrode material exhibits a specific capacitance of 180 F g −1 at a current density of 0.5 A g −1 from −0.4 to 1.0 V and a high energy density of 49 W h kg −1 at the power density of 352.8 W kg −1 . Moreover, the nanostructured PS–PANI/rGO has a good cycle stability (74 % capacitance retention after 5000 cycles), indicating its future potential application in electrochemical energy storage. The material is further used as an anode in Na-ion batteries, and the results show that the porous nanostructured PS–PANI/rGO delivers a high capacity of 155 mA h g −1 and keeps over 150 charge–discharge cycles at a constant current of 100 mA g −1 (0.5 C).

MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important regulator of cell differentiation and function. Mechanical strain is important in the growth and differentiation of osteoblasts. Therefore, mechanresponsive miRNA may be important in the response of osteoblasts to mechanical strain. The purpose of the present study was to select and identify the mechanoresponsive miRNAs of osteoblasts. Mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in cell culture dishes and stimulated with a mechanical tensile strain of 2,50 με at 0.5 Hz, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), mRNA levels of ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), and collagen type I (Col I), and protein levels of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) inthe cell culture medium were assayed. Following miRNA microarray and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses, differentially expressed miRNAs in the mechanically strained cells and unstrained cells were selected and identified. Using bioinformatics analysis, the target genes of the miRNAs were then predicted. The results revealed that the mechanical strain of 2,500 με increased the activity of ALP, the mRNA levels of ALP, OCN and Col I, and the protein levels of bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)-2 and BMP-4 Continuous mechanical stimulation for 8 h had the most marked stimulant effects. miR-218, miR-191*, miR-3070a and miR-33 were identified as differentially expressed miRNAs in the mechanically strained MC3T3-E1 cells. Certain target genes of these four miRNAs were involved in osteoblastic differentiation. These findings indicated that a mechanical strain of 2,500 με, particularly for a period of 8 h, promoted osteoblastic differentiation, and the four mechanoresponsive miRNAs identified may be a potential regulator of osteoblastic differentiation and their response to mechanical strain.

Novel hierarchical architectures of Sb^sub 2^WO^sub 6^ are synthesized successfully by a simple hydrothermal process without any organic solvent or surfactant. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared products are characterized in detail. Interestingly, the morphologies of Sb^sub 2^WO^sub 6^ could be selectively controlled by adjusting pH values of the reactive solutions. The tuft-like, cockscomb-like, and flower-like hierarchical architectures are obtained at pH = 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Based on the time-dependent experimental results, a possible growth mechanism is proposed, which reasonably follows a synergy interaction of reaction-crystallization and dissolution-recrystallization processes. The photocatalytic activities of the novel hierarchical Sb^sub 2^WO^sub 6^ are evaluated by the decomposition of azo compounds for the first time. Results show that the as-prepared samples exhibit the excellent photocatalytic activity and universality for the reduction of azo compounds. The conversion of methyl orange reaches 98 % after 140 min of light irradiation. HPLC-MS indicates that the selectivity of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid is over 99 %.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

Novel hierarchical architectures of Sb sub(2)WO sub(6) are synthesized successfully by a simple hydrothermal process without any organic solvent or surfactant. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared products are characterized in detail. Interestingly, the morphologies of Sb sub(2)WO sub(6) could be selectively controlled by adjusting pH values of the reactive solutions. The tuft-like, cockscomb-like, and flower-like hierarchical architectures are obtained at pH = 1, 3, and 5, respectively. Based on the time-dependent experimental results, a possible growth mechanism is proposed, which reasonably follows a synergy interaction of reaction-crystallization and dissolution-recrystallization processes. The photocatalytic activities of the novel hierarchical Sb sub(2)WO sub(6) are evaluated by the decomposition of azo compounds for the first time. Results show that the as-prepared samples exhibit the excellent photocatalytic activity and universality for the reduction of azo compounds. The conversion of methyl orange reaches 98 % after 140 min of light irradiation. HPLC-MS indicates that the selectivity of 4-aminobenzene sulfonic acid is over 99 %.

Migraine is a common neurological disorder, which resulting in significant societal and personal burdens. Acupuncture has attracted widespread attention in migraine prophylaxis and treatment in recent years. Although some studies have confirmed the effectiveness of acupuncture therapy in treating migraines, there is still a lack of comprehensive evaluation regarding the comparison between different types of migraines and various acupuncture therapies. Furthermore, certain special acupuncture methods have not received sufficient attention and research. Therefore, the objective of this study is to summarize and expand upon previous research, update existing evidence, and compare the efficacy of different acupuncture therapies for migraine. We aim to provide stronger evidence-based support for clinical practice through this study, thereby promoting wider application of acupuncture therapy in migraine treatment. A exhaustive and methodical search was conducted across the nine databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG and VIP Data. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, migraine attack frequency, duration, days of attack and adverse effects were observation indicators. This study included 34 studies involving a total of 3365 migraineurs. The results of the study demonstrated that acupuncture therapy reduced VAS scores of migraine patients better compared to medication (MD=-1.29, 95% CI=[-1.67,-0.92]) and exhibited greater efficacy in reducing the frequency of migraine attacks (MD=-1.95, 95% CI=[-3.06,-0.85]), the duration of attacks (MD=- 3.29, 95% CI=[-4.65,-1.93]), and days of attack (MD=-1.02, 95% CI=[-1.58,-0.47]). Significant heterogeneity suggested that different acupuncture therapies had varying effects, and that the efficacy of the same therapy may also vary in different migraine types. In the context of network meta-analysis, the SUCRA of acupuncture therapies for reducing VAS scores was ranked as special acupuncture method (98.3%), acupuncture plus medicine (71.9%), and acupuncture (54.5%). Blood-letting and cupping was the most effective treatment for lowering the frequency of migraine attacks. The most effective treatment for shortening the duration of migraine was acupuncture plus medication (81.2%). When it comes to decreasing the days of migraine, acupuncture (80.3%) came out on top. 14 studies reported the occurrence of adverse effects, of which 4 studies had no adverse effects in the test group. Initial findings indicate that acupuncture-related therapy exhibits superior effectiveness in the treatment of migraine and clinical decision-making should be patient-specific.

In this study, low-cost pomelo peel wastes were used as a bio-sorbent to remove copper ions (e.g., Cu(II)) from aqueous solutions. Prior to testing its Cu(II) removal capability, the structural, physical and chemical characteristics of the sorbent were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The impacts of the initial pH, temperature, contact time and Cu(II) feed concentration on the Cu(II) biosorption using modified pomelo peels were then assessed. Thermodynamic parameters associated to the biosorption clearly demonstrate that this biosorption is thermodynamically feasible, endothermic, spontaneous and entropy driven. Furthermore, adsorption kinetic data were found to fit very well with the pseudo-second order kinetics equation, highlighting that this process is driven by a chemical adsorption. Finally, an artificial neural network with a 4:9:1 structure was then established for describing the Cu(II) adsorption using modified pomelo peels with R2 values close to 0.9999 and to 0.9988 for the training and testing sets, respectively. The results present a big potential use of the as-prepared bio-sorbent for the removal of Cu(II), as well as an efficient green technology for ecological and environmental sustainability.

It is essential to explore reliable streamflow forecasting techniques for water resources management. In this study, a Bayesian wavelet–support vector regression model (BWS model) is developed for one- and multistep-ahead streamflow forecasting using local meteohydrological observations and climate indices including El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) as potential predictors. To accomplish this, a two-step strategy is applied. In the first step, the discrete wavelet transform is coupled with a support vector regression model for streamflow prediction. The three key factors of mother wavelets, decomposition levels, and edge effects are considered in the wavelet decomposition phase when using the hybrid wavelet–support vector regression model (WS model). Different combinations of these factors form a variety of WS models with corresponding forecasts. The second step combines multiple candidate WS models with “good” performance via Bayesian model averaging. This integrates the predictive strengths of different candidate WS models, giving a realistic assessment of the predictive uncertainty. The new ensemble model is used to forecast daily and monthly streamflows at two sites in Dongjiang basin, southern China. The results show that the proposed BWS model consistently generates more reliable predictions for daily (lead times of 1–7 days) and monthly (lead times of 1–3 months) forecasts as compared with the best single-member WS models and the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). Furthermore, the proposed BWS model provides detailed information about the predictive uncertainty.