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42
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"LUFFIN, XAVIER"
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Senegalese, Gurkha, Sikh . . . : The French and British Colonial Troops in the Eyes of the Arab Writers
Abstract
The former great European colonial empires had incorporated soldiers recruited in their colonies into their armies. Several Arab authors from Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Morocco remember them through their novels and short stories, giving us an interesting perception of the \"Other\": strangers brought into the Arab world by other strangers. They also represent different negative faces of the colonial period: the exploitation of the indigenous population, the dilemma of Muslims forced to fight their brothers . . .
Journal Article
PEAUX NOIRES, ÂMES BLANCHES LES POÈTES ARABES D'ORIGINE AFRICAINE FACE À LEUR NÉGRITUDE
The Arabic sources quote the works of dozens of poets of African descent, like 'Antara ibn Šaddād, Sulayk ibn al-Sulaka during the ğāhiliyya, Suḥaym Abū 'Abd Allāh for the first Islamic period, Nuṣayb ibn Rabāḥ for the Omeyyad period and Abū Dulāma for the Abbassid period. Though they were using the same language, the same metaphors and the same poetic rules than the other poets, their verses tell us a lot about the way they were considering themselves and their origins, dealing with issues like the color of their skin, their non-Arab origins and, quite often, their relationship with slavery – many of them being sons of slaves, or freed slaves themselves.
Journal Article
Les premières explorations arabes du Congo d'après une source omanaise: le \Juhaynat al-ahbar fi tarih Zinjibar\ de Sa'id bin 'Ali al-Mugiri
The sources at the disposal of the historians dealing with the first arrival of the Arab and Swahili traders in Central Africa are mainly Western sources, or African testimonies recollected by Westerners in the 19th and 20th centuries. A chapter of the Juhaynat al-ahbar fi tarih Zinjibar written in the late 1930 by Sa'id bin 'Alial-Mugiri, gives us the Omani point of view about these events. In this article, I intend to offer a translation of the text and to compare it with the information given by the European sources as well as the African testimonies collected during the colonial and post colonial periods. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Journal Article
Five Acts of Submission in Swahili in Arabic Characters from Marungu 1884-1885
Since 1880, the European \"explorers\" working for the Association internationale africaine (AIA) & other societies signed treaties with the local chiefs in order to legitimate their power in the region. Though these documents were normally written in European languages, Swahili written in Arabic alphabet has been used for at least five of them, coming from Marungu. Up to now, they are the oldest known Congolese documents written in Swahili with Arabic alphabet References. Adapted from the source document
Journal Article
Cinq actes de soumission en swahili en caractères arabes du Marungu (1884-1885)
Since 1880, the European \"explorers \" working for the Association internationale africaine (AIA) and other societies signed treaties with the local chiefs in order to legitimate their power in the region. Though these documents were normally written in European languages, Swahili written in Arabic alphabet has been used for at least five of them, coming from Marungu. Up to now, they are the oldest known Congolese documents written in Swahili with Arabic alphabet. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Journal Article
« Nos ancêtres les Arabes... »
De nombreuses traditions orales et écrites d’Afrique subsaharienne musulmane se rapportent à l’origine arabe de certaines populations, clans, tribus ou familles. Quel que soit le degré de véracité de ces généalogies, et malgré des contre-exemples, il est intéressant de constater que l’islam est donc très souvent associé à une certaine vision de l’arabité. Plusieurs facteurs sont à l’origine de cette interprétation : la recherche d’un certain prestige d’ordre religieux ou social, ou encore une légitimation historique et/ou politique, l’identification de l’africanité à l’esclavage. Cette quête d’arabité doit bien sûr être relativisée, d’abord parce qu’elle n’est pas systématique, ensuite parce qu’elle se retrouve aussi ailleurs dans le monde musulman. Elle tient toutefois une place relativement importante en Afrique subsaharienne. Many oral and written sources in Muslim Subsaharian Africa deal with the Arab origin of various peoples, clans, tribes or families. Though this claim to an Arab origin is not systematic, and may in many cases be true, it is relevant to note that Islam in Africa is often related to Arabity. Various factors may explain this process : a claim to a religious or social prestige, a kind of political and/or social legitimacy, the identification of Africanity with slavery. Of course, this claim to an Arab genealogy has to be qualified, first because it is not systematic, then because it occurs elsewhere in the Muslim world. It has, however, a particular importance in Subsaharian Africa.
Journal Article
