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"Larsen, Kurt"
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Free diving-inspired breathing techniques for COPD patients: A pilot study
Objectives: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a key factor in enhancing self-management and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The content and length of PR varies between countries and authorities responsible for rehabilitation. After completion of rehabilitation, it is often difficult for patients to stay motivated and perform regular exercise. Methods: In this pilot study, nine patients with moderate to severe COPD completed a 6-week training programme consisting of free diving-inspired breathing techniques, designed to be incorporated into daily activities. Results: Participants significantly increased the distance walked in 6 min by 48 m (p < 0.05) and a significant reduction was seen on the COPD self-efficacy scale (p < 0.05). Furthermore, adherence to the programme sessions was very high at 96.3% and no adverse events occurred. Discussion: This pilot study tested the feasibility of introducing breathing techniques used by COPD patients to enhance their walking capacity. The techniques were well tolerated and participant’s adherence to the weekly group sessions was high.
Journal Article
Promoting university-industry collaboration in Sri Lanka : status, case studies, and policy options
Strong science, technology, and innovation links between universities and industry are of critical importance to Sri Lanka as it strives to become an upper-middle-income country. This report presents an overview of current U-I collaboration in Sri Lanka by analyzing responses to a survey of companies and university departments in 2015. Data from the 2015 survey are compared with data from a similar survey in 2007 to identify trends over time. The study examines current policies to promote U-I collaboration in Sri Lanka, highlights some good practices in other countries, and suggests possible ways that Sri Lanka may be able to strengthen U-I collaboration. The report is intended primarily for policy makers in the fields of higher education, research, and innovation, as well as for researchers in companies, universities, and research institutes who are already collaborating in public-private partnerships or are planning to do so.
Book
Promoting university-industry collaboration in Sri Lanka : status, case studies, and policy options
Strong science, technology, and innovation links between universities and industry are of critical importance to Sri Lanka as it strives to become an upper-middle-income country. This report presents an overview of current U-I collaboration in Sri Lanka by analyzing responses to a survey of companies and university departments in 2015. Data from the 2015 survey are compared with data from a similar survey in 2007 to identify trends over time. The study examines current policies to promote U-I collaboration in Sri Lanka, highlights some good practices in other countries, and suggests possible ways that Sri Lanka may be able to strengthen U-I collaboration. The report is intended primarily for policy makers in the fields of higher education, research, and innovation, as well as for researchers in companies, universities, and research institutes who are already collaborating in public-private partnerships or are planning to do so. The responses show that the majority of existing links between Sri Lankan universities and companies are short-term, informal interactions with low direct transfer of knowledge and innovation. However, the survey findings also show a growing emphasis on deeper and more demanding types of collaboration, such as joint Research and Development activities, prototype testing, and spin-offs, even though these remain relatively uncommon.
eBook
Agribusiness and innovation systems in Africa
This book examines how agricultural innovation arises in four African countries—Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda— through the lens of agribusiness, public policies, and specific value chains for food staples, high value products, and livestock. Determinants of innovation are not viewed individually but within the context of a complex agricultural innovation system involving many actors and interactions. The volume is based on qualitative interviews with agribusiness representatives that were designed to shed light on their experiences on public policies that either enhances or impedes innovation in Africa's agriculture sector. Following are the volume's main messages on policies, institutions and strategies that nurture innovation in the agriculture sector: 1) agribusiness innovation is in many cases driven by the need to maintain grades and standards within the value chain, not only in the case of export markets, but also in evolving domestic and urban markets and value chains; 2) that staple food sector has potential to be a source of growth, innovation and poverty reduction; 3) successes in value chain innovation and agribusiness production depend critically on the structure of the whole agricultural innovation system and are highly context specific; 4) especially successful innovation were dependent on creating synergies between market-based and knowledge-based interactions and strong linkages within and beyond the value chain; and 5) the public sector's innovation support has to extend to interactions, collective action and broader public-private partnership programs. This book will be of interest to policymakers, agribusiness leaders, farmer organizations, NGOs, and researchers.
eBook
Agribusiness and innovation systems in Africa / Kurt Larsen, Ronald Kim, and Florian Theus, editors
This book examines how agricultural innovation arises in four African countries Ghana, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda through the lens of agribusiness, public policies, and specific value chains for food staples, high value products, and livestock. Determinants of innovation are not viewed individually but within the context of a complex agricultural innovation system involving many actors and interactions. The volume is based on qualitative interviews with agribusiness representatives that were designed to shed light on their experiences on public policies that either enhances or impedes innovation in Africa s agriculture sector. Following are the volume's main messages on policies, institutions and strategies that nurture innovation in the agriculture sector: 1) agribusiness innovation is in many cases driven by the need to maintain grades and standards within the value chain, not only in the case of export markets, but also in evolving domestic and urban markets and value chains; 2) that staple food sector has potential to be a source of growth, innovation and poverty reduction; 3) successes in value chain innovation and agribusiness production depend critically on the structure of the whole agricultural innovation system and are highly context specific; 4) especially successful innovation were dependent on creating synergies between market-based and knowledge-based interactions and strong linkages within and beyond the value chain; and 5) the public sector s innovation support has to extend to interactions, collective action and broader public-private partnership programs. This book will be of interest to policymakers, agribusiness leaders, farmer organizations, NGOs, and researchers.
eBook
Promoting University-Industry Collaboration in Sri Lanka
Front Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Executive Summary -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 Overview of University-Industry Collaboration in Sri Lanka -- Introduction -- Sri Lanka's Research and Development Investments and Innovation Performance -- Types of University-Industry Collaboration -- References -- Chapter 2 Status of and Trends in University-Industry Collaboration in Sri Lanka -- Introduction -- University Perspective -- Industry Perspective -- Summary of Survey Findings -- References
Publication
Postvention strategies that will support a high school community through the stages of grief following a suicide event: A national Delphi study
Purpose. The purpose of the study was to determine that if in high schools where a suicide event has occurred, the stage theory developed by Kubler-Ross had usefulness as an organizing structure for postvention activities. Methodology. The sample for this study consisted of a national panel of twenty-one experts with knowledge and experience in suicide prevention, postvention, grief, and loss issues from education and social service communities. The Delphi method using a three-round survey process was employed to collect data about four research questions. The study was descriptive in nature and employed a limited number of statistical and analytical procedures. A list of postvention strategies was generated in round one. Based on the survey results of rounds two and three, the data were ranked by overall mean ratings of the experts. Findings. A list of forty-three postvention strategies with 105 occurrences where grief stages were related was generated. Twenty-six strategies achieved high agreement by the panel, i.e., they received an overall rating of 80 percent or better indicating that they should be employed in a high school following a suicide. Six strategies reached agreement-60 percent or better. Eleven strategies received ratings lower than 60 percent and failed the agreement criteria. Of the 105 instances where grief stages were suggested as related to strategies, thirty-two were rated non-related. Seventy-three stages achieved agreement, with eleven reaching high-agreement. Conclusions. The study data support the conclusions that postvention strategies rated most important were general in nature and targeted a broad range of the grief stages and that the Kubler-Ross stages would be little use as an organizing structure. Recommendations. Further research is advised: Conduct a study to identify postvention strategies for other grade level schools. Conduct a study to examine the traumatic effects of school violence in high schools. Also, it is recommended that the study be modified to research the use of a task-based model of grief instead of the Kubler-Ross stages.
Dissertation