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"Lasner, Matthew Gordon"
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Affordable housing in New York : the people, places, and policies that transformed a city
How has America's most expensive and progressive city helped its residents to live? Since the nineteenth century, the need for high-quality affordable housing has been one of New York City's most urgent issues. Affordable Housing in New York explores the past, present, and future of the city's pioneering efforts, from the 1920s to the major initiatives of Mayor Bill de Blasio. The book examines the people, places, and policies that have helped make New York livable, from early experiments by housing reformers and the innovative public-private solutions of the 1970s and 1980s to today's professionalized affordable housing industry. More than two dozen leading scholars tell the story of key figures of the era, including Fiorello LaGuardia, Robert Moses, Jane Jacobs, and Ed Koch. Over twenty-five individual housing complexes are profiled, including Queensbridge Houses, America's largest public housing complex; Stuyvesant Town; Co-op City; and recent additions like Via Verde.--Publisher description.
Book
Retirement Planning
In the early 1960s, amid affluence, loneliness, and increasing longevity, a new type of community appeared in the United States: the “active-retirement complex,” with thousands of houses and/or apartments and an unprecedented range of communal facilities. Though such communities were instantly popular, skeptics likened the first examples to internment camps, and to deflect such critiques, developers like Ross Cortese began to prioritize design. In Retirement Planning: Charles Warren Callister, the Neighborhood Unit, and the Architecture of Community at Rossmoor and Heritage Village, Matthew Gordon Lasner describes how Cortese hired acclaimed San Francisco Bay Area architect Charles Warren Callister, known for his innovative private and ecclesiastical commissions, to design a new retirement community known as Rossmoor, located in the East Bay suburb of Walnut Creek. Long interested in housing reform, Callister attempted to serve the needs of seniors, especially their needs for community and activity, by employing a village plan and arranging the housing in “neighborhoods” around clustered courtyards, both at Rossmoor and at a later project, Heritage Village in Connecticut. Lasner’s study examines the experiences of residents of Callister’s complexes to determine whether this approach, which was rooted in theory rather than gerontological research, “worked” as intended.
Journal Article
Architect as Developer and the Postwar U.S. Apartment, 1945–1960
The fields of professional architecture and mass-market homebuilding have stood in opposition to one another since the nineteenth century in the United States. Boundaries between the two, however, were always permeable. This article explores an overlooked chapter in this dialogue: three architects who worked, in part, as developers of multifamily housing in the fifteen years after World War II, Vernon DeMars in the San Francisco Bay Area, Brown & Guenther in New York City, and Erwin Gerber in suburban New Jersey. Each followed a distinct path to design-develop and was motivated by a different set of concerns, from financial profit to the desire to advance professional values like high-quality design. All were enabled by the postwar welfare state that while encouraging homogeneity through the large-scale production of generic houses also empowered small-scale actors, including architects, to build alternatives. In employing policy toward this end, designers-as-developers generated opportunities to move beyond the incremental give-and-take of patron and client to better control production, injecting creativity, variety, and innovation into American housing. Their example highlights the complexity of midcentury housing policy and real-estate practice and reveals new ways in which these forces helped determine the shape of the U.S. built environment.
Journal Article
Housing as Intervention
Across the world, the housing crisis is escalating. Mass migration to cities has led to rapid urbanisation on an unprecedented scale, while the withdrawal of public funding from social housing provision in Western countries, and widening income inequality, have further compounded the situation. In prosperous US and European cities, middle- and low-income residents are being pushed out of housing markets increasingly dominated by luxury investors. The average London tenant, for example, now pays an unaffordable 49 per cent of his or her pre-tax income in rent. Parts of the developing world and areas of forced migration are experiencing insufficient affordable housing stock coupled with rapidly shifting ways of life.
In response to this context, forward-thinking architects are taking the lead with a collaborative approach. By partnering with allied fields, working with residents, developing new forms of housing, and leveraging new funding systems and policies, they are providing strategic leadership for what many consider to be our cities' most pressing crisis. Amidst growing economic and health disparities, this issue of AD asks how housing projects, and the design processes behind them, might be interventions towards greater social equity, and how collaborative work in housing might reposition the architectural profession at large. Recommended by Fast Company as one of the best reads of 2018 and included in their list of 9 books designers should read in 2019!
Contributors include: Cynthia Barton, Deborah Gans, and Rosamund Palmer; Neeraj Bhatia and Antje Steinmuller; Dana Cuff; Fatou Dieye; Robert Fishman; Na Fu; Paul Karakusevic; Kaja Kühl and Julie Behrens; Matthew Gordon Lasner; Meir Lobaton Corona; Marc Norman; Julia Park; Brian Phillips and Deb Katz; Pollyanna Rhee; Emily Schmidt and Rosalie Genevro
Featured architects: Architects for Social Housing, ShigeruBan Architects, Tatiana Bilbao ESTUDIO, cityLAB, Frédéric Druot Architecture, ERA Architects, GANS studio, Garrison Architects, HOWOGE, Interface Studio Architects, Karakusevic Carson Architects, Lacaton & Vassal, Light Earth Designs, NHDM, PYATOK architecture + urban design, Urbanus, and Urban Works Agency
eBook
Rethinking the American City: An International Dialogue ed. by Miles Orvell and Klaus Benesch (review)
This monograph is reviewed.
Journal Article
Architect as developer and the post-war U.S. apartment, 1945-1960
The often neglected subject of the architect-developers and architect-developer firms who worked in post-war mass-market homebuilding is considered. The methods and motivations of three of these are discussed within a larger context of 20C housing production: Vernon DeMars (an architect-developer whose big break came when he was asked to design Easter Hill Village in Northern California during the 1950s), Brown and Guenther (a firm primarily concerned with welfare housing within New York City), and Erwin Gerber (an architect-developer who collaborated on many projects around the northern New Jersey area). Real estate development is also employed as a lens through which to explore the wider subject of the US built environment in the two decades following the end of World War Two. Argues that many architect-developers saw their work as an extension of their professional commitment to educate the public on good design and that by harnessing the welfare state towards this, and many other aims, they generated their own opportunities to move beyond the incremental give-and-take of patron and client to initiate and direct production.
Journal Article