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"Lavallee, David"
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The psychology of strength and conditioning
\"An effective strength and conditioning program underpins the training regime of every successful athlete or sportsperson and it is now widely recognised that psychology plays a significant role in the application of strength and conditioning principles. This is the first book to examine the importance of psychological factors in strength and conditioning and to offer a comprehensive overview of current research, theory and best practice. Written by a team of leading international researchers and practitioners, the book looks at how psychology influences training and performance and how training can influence an individual's psychological well-being. It explores a range of key topics in contemporary sport psychology and athletic training, including: mental skills training behaviour change psychology in professional practice psychological problems, including exercise dependence, eating disorders and steroid use Throughout, the book combines evidence-based research with discussion of the practical issues facing athletes, coaches and sport science professionals. By firstly developing our understanding of the latest psychological skills and techniques used by athletes and coaches to maximise strength and conditioning training and performance, and then the ways other psychological factors influence, and are influenced by, strength and conditioning training, this book represents invaluable reading for all advanced students, researchers, trainers and sport scientists with an interest in strength and conditioning or sport psychology\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Emotional Implications of a Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Diagnosis in a Retired Athlete: An Autoethnographic Approach
The purpose of this study was to advance knowledge and understanding of the emotional implications retired athletes experience when diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This study employed an autoethnographic method to explore the consequences of living with this potentially life-threatening heart condition from a first-person narrative, using the account-making model of coping and loss as framework. The results illuminate the lived experience of someone diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and subsequent forced transition out of high-performance sport. This study provides practitioners with insights into this topic so that relevant and tailored interventions can be implemented to help retiring athletes who are diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cope with the career transition process. Notably, this paper also offers a full, complete autoethnography rather than extracts of autoethnographic writing typically provided in journal articles due to formatting restrictions. Thus, we showcase the valuable contribution this methodology has to offer scholars and practitioners.
Journal Article
A New Global Mode of Earth Deformation: Seasonal Cycle Detected
We have detected a global mode of Earth deformation that is predicted by theory. Precise positioning of Global Positioning System sites distributed worldwide reveals that during February to March, the Northern Hemisphere compresses (and the Southern Hemisphere expands), such that sites near the North Pole move downward by 3.0 millimeters, and sites near the equator are pulled northward by 1.5 millimeters. The opposite pattern of deformation occurs during August to September. We identify this pattern as the degree-one spherical harmonic response of an elastic Earth to increased winter loading of soil moisture, snow cover, and atmosphere. Data inversion shows the load moment's trajectory as a great circle traversing the continents, peaking at 6.9 × 1022kilogram meters near the North Pole in winter, indicating interhemispheric mass exchange of 1.0 × 1016± 0.2 × 1016kilograms.
Journal Article
Sport psychology : contemporary themes
\"This new edition of Sport Psychology combines theory, research, and empirical evidence to provide a comprehensive, introductory text, suitable for core use. All chapters have been updated, reflecting contemporary developments, and new content includes the latest research on metaimagery and self harm in sport, as well as new case examples throughout\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Widespread low rates of Antarctic glacial isostatic adjustment revealed by GPS observations
Bedrock uplift in Antarctica is dominated by a combination of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) and elastic response to contemporary mass change. Here, we present spatially extensive GPS observations of Antarctic bedrock uplift, using 52% more stations than previous studies, giving enhanced coverage, and with improved precision. We observe rapid elastic uplift in the northern Antarctic Peninsula. After considering elastic rebound, the GPS data suggests that modeled or empirical GIA uplift signals are often over‐estimated, particularly the magnitudes of the signal maxima. Our observation that GIA uplift is misrepresented by modeling (weighted root‐mean‐squares of observation‐model differences: 4.9–5.0 mm/yr) suggests that, apart from a few regions where large ice mass loss is occurring, the spatial pattern of secular ice mass change derived from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data and GIA models may be unreliable, and that several recent secular Antarctic ice mass loss estimates are systematically biased, mainly too high. Key Points Spatially extensive GPS observations of Antarctic GIA show low rates GIA models are systematically biased, mainly too high Recent secular Antarctic ice mass loss estimates are also systematically biased
Journal Article
Testing of the Health Action Process Approach Model to Predict Physical Activity Behaviours of Women Experiencing Urinary Incontinence
Background: This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the Health Action Process Approach model to predict physical activity behaviours in women experiencing urinary incontinence. Methods: Participants (n = 389) completed a series of measures evaluating motivational and volitional factors related to health behaviour change, with data analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. Results: The results demonstrated the model’s reliability, with the constructs of self-efficacy and outcome expectancies being strongly associated with behavioural intentions. Maintenance self-efficacy was identified as a key predictor of planning constructs, but intention and planning were less predictive of physical activity behaviour than anticipated. The inclusion of specific constructs to measure urinary incontinence outcome expectancies also highlighted the complex nature of the way urinary incontinence is experienced by women inside and outside of the physical environment. Conclusions: These findings emphasise the need for tailored interventions addressing both motivational and planning processes to bridge the intention–behaviour gap in this population. Further research is recommended to refine models for specific subgroups, incorporating age and health condition variables, to enhance intervention efficacy and promote lifelong physical activity engagement for women experiencing urinary incontinence.
Journal Article
Perceptions of a ‘Pelvic-Floor Friendly’ Group Exercise Class in Women with Urinary Incontinence
This mixed methods intervention study investigated perceptions of a tailored group exercise intervention designed to increase physical activity (PA) participation among women with urinary incontinence (UI). Recognising UI as a barrier to PA, the study aimed to minimise UI risk during exercise, enhance enjoyment, and foster social inclusion. The study included 15 participants, across intervention and control groups. Modifications included low-impact exercises, the presence of a pelvic health physiotherapist, and age-matched female instructors. Data from focus groups, surveys, and pre/post-intervention measures revealed that the intervention improved participants’ confidence, action planning, and perceptions of PA. Participants valued social opportunities and tailored modifications but noted the need for better advertising and instructor education. The findings suggest that such interventions can positively influence PA participation and reduce UI-related stigma.
Journal Article
A Social Support Intervention to Reduce Intentions to Drop-out from Youth Sport: The GAA Super Games Centre
Research has highlighted that drop-out from youth sport has emerged to become a global trend with drop-out rates exceeding 30% in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a change in perceived support on intentions to drop out from youth sport at the end of a social support intervention. A pre-intervention examination of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in 2012 identified a 19.38% drop-out rate involving 3,491 participants between the ages of 12-16 years. A psychosocial intervention developed for the GAA called the Super Games Centre was delivered and evaluated over a 24-week period to 103 participants. The findings demonstrated that higher perceived available support was significantly associated with lower levels of intentions to drop out at the end of the intervention. Furthermore, social identity emerged as a significant mediating factor in explaining the association between changes in perceived support and intentions to drop out. A post-intervention examination in 2018 found that the GAA had established 95 Super Games Centres since 2015, and this has led to an increase in 7,012 new participants between the ages of 12-16 years. Future research and implications for social support intervention methodology are discussed.
Journal Article
Comparative metagenomics of hydrocarbon and methane seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
Oil and gas percolate profusely through the sediments of the Gulf of Mexico, leading to numerous seeps at the seafloor, where complex microbial, and sometimes animal communities flourish. Sediments from three areas (two cold seeps with contrasting hydrocarbon composition and a site outside any area of active seepage) of the Gulf of Mexico were investigated and compared. Consistent with the existence of a seep microbiome, a distinct microbial community was observed in seep areas compared to sediment from outside areas of active seepage. The microbial community from sediments without any influence from hydrocarbon seepage was characterized by Planctomycetes and the metabolic potential was consistent with detrital marine snow degradation. By contrast, in seep samples with methane as the principal hydrocarbon, methane oxidation by abundant members of ANME-1 was likely the predominant process. Seep samples characterized by fluids containing both methane and complex hydrocarbons, were characterized by abundant Chloroflexi (Anaerolinaceae) and deltaproteobacterial lineages and exhibited potential for complex hydrocarbon degradation. These different metabolic capacities suggested that microorganisms in cold seeps can potentially rely on other processes beyond methane oxidation and that the hydrocarbon composition of the seep fluids may be a critical factor structuring the seafloor microbial community composition and function.
Journal Article