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"Lawrence, Jason"
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Academically-contingent self-worth: Different dimensions differentially predict future vulnerability
Some scholars posit that students who base self-worth on their academic outcomes are vulnerable to psychological costs such as heightened stress and anxiety, and impaired motivation and well-being. Other scholars, in contrast, assert that this individual difference primarily benefits student motivation and achievement. Recent evidence that academically-contingent self-worth is multidimensional suggests an integrated perspective that identifies those dimensions that are costly and those that are beneficial for student psychological experiences. Particularly relevant is evidence, from cross-sectional research, that this individual difference has a bifactor structure with a general-contingency dimension that links to psychological costs, and a positive-contingency dimension that is unrelated to psychological costs and links to psychological benefits. The present research tests the predictive validity of this bifactor model. In this longitudinal study, 466 undergraduate students, from a public university in the Northeastern U.S. region, completed measures of academically-contingent self-worth, self-esteem, stress, test anxiety, achievement goals, and motivation. Results provided evidence that the general-contingency dimension predicted future low self-esteem, test anxiety, stress, controlled motivation, autonomous motivation, and amotivation. The positive-contingency dimension predicted future high self-esteem and controlled motivation, but was unrelated to future stress, test anxiety, autonomous motivation, and amotivation. These results not only provide further support for the tenability of multidimensional models of academically-contingent self-worth, but also suggest that such models can help resolve conflicting perspectives. This research may also help educators both understand and facilitate students’ ability to stay motivated to learn and achieve, and yet not be overwhelmed by stress, anxiety, and threats to their self-worth.
Journal Article
Safe
When a second-rate cage fighter, Luke Wright, is tormented by the Russian Mafia and wanders the streets of New York, he witnesses a young Chinese girl, Mei, being pursued by the same mafia who want her for a priceless numerical code that they would kill for.
DVD
Tasso's art and afterlives
This interdisciplinary study examines the literary, artistic and
biographical afterlives in England of the great sixteenth-century
Italian poet Torquato Tasso, from before his death to the end of
the nineteenth century. Focusing on the lasting impact of his once
famous poem Gerusalemme liberata across a spectrum of
arts, it aims to stimulate a revival of interest in a neglected
poetic masterpiece and its author, some fifty years after the last
account of the poet in English. The influence of Tasso's poem is
traced and analysed in the literary works of Spenser, Milton,
Shakespeare and Daniel, and consideration is also given to its
impact on the visual and musical arts in England, in works by Van
Dyck, Poussin and Handel. A second strand focuses on English
responses to Tasso's troubled life in the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries, exemplified in Byron's memorable impersonation of the
poet's voice in The Lament of Tasso .
eBook
Artificial neural network analysis of microbial diversity in the central and southern Adriatic Sea
Bacteria are an active and diverse component of pelagic communities. The identification of main factors governing microbial diversity and spatial distribution requires advanced mathematical analyses. Here, the bacterial community composition was analysed, along with a depth profile, in the open Adriatic Sea using amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA and the Neural gas algorithm. The performed analysis classified the sample into four best matching units representing heterogenic patterns of the bacterial community composition. The observed parameters were more differentiated by depth than by area, with temperature and identified salinity as important environmental variables. The highest diversity was observed at the deep chlorophyll maximum, while bacterial abundance and production peaked in the upper layers. The most of the identified genera belonged to Proteobacteria, with uncultured AEGEAN-169 and SAR116 lineages being dominant Alphaproteobacteria, and OM60 (NOR5) and SAR86 being dominant Gammaproteobacteria. Marine
Synechococcus
and
Cyanobium
-related species were predominant in the shallow layer, while
Prochlorococcus
MIT 9313 formed a higher portion below 50 m depth. Bacteroidota were represented mostly by uncultured lineages (NS4, NS5 and NS9 marine lineages). In contrast, Actinobacteriota were dominated by a candidatus genus
Ca.
Actinomarina. A large contribution of Nitrospinae was evident at the deepest investigated layer. Our results document that neural network analysis of environmental data may provide a novel insight into factors affecting picoplankton in the open sea environment.
Journal Article
The Role of Social Cognition in Medical Decision Making with Asian American Patients
Asian Americans, the fastest growing racial group in the USA, face a host of major health disparities. There are several reasons for these disparities, and one possible contributor is provider perceptions of Asian Americans, which in turn can affect their medical decision making when treating Asian American patients. There is evidence for the influence of provider perceptions on medical decision making among patients of other racial minority groups; however, literature on Asian American patients is lacking. The present paper addresses this gap in the literature by using social cognitive theory to outline the mechanisms through which provider perception of Asian American patients can affect diagnostic and treatment decisions. These mechanisms include stereotypes and implicit biases, illusory correlations, and cognitive load. Recommendations for future research and policy development are provided.
Journal Article
Effects of Floral Scent, Color and Pollen on Foraging Decisions and Oocyte Development of Common Green Bottle Flies
The common green bottle fly Lucilia sericata (Meigen) and other filth flies frequently visit pollen-rich composite flowers such as the Oxeye daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. In laboratory experiments with L. sericata, we investigated the effect of generic floral scent and color cues, and of Oxeye daisy-specific cues, on foraging decisions by recently eclosed flies. We also tested the effect of a floral pollen diet with 0-35% moisture content on the ability of females to mature their oocytes. Our data indicate that (1) young flies in the presence of generic floral scent respond more strongly to a uniformly yellow cue than to any other uniform color cue (green, white, black, blue, red) except for ultraviolet (UV); (2) the floral scent of Oxeye daisies enhances the attractiveness of a yellow cue; and (3) moisture-rich pollen provides nutrients that facilitate ovary maturation of flies. With evidence that L. sericata exploits floral cues during foraging, and that pollen can be an alternate protein source to animal feces and carrion, Pollen apparently plays a major role in the foraging ecology of L. sericata and possibly other filth flies. These flies, in turn, may play a significant role as pollinators, as supported by a recently published study.
Journal Article
Who the Devil taught thee so much Italian?
This book offers a comprehensive account of the methods and practice of learning modern languages, particularly Italian, in late sixteenth and early seventeenth century England. It is the first study to suggest a fundamental connection between language-learning habits and the techniques for both reading and imitating Italian materials employed by a range of poets and dramatists, such as Daniel, Drummond, Marston and Shakespeare, in the period.The widespread use of bilingual parallel-text instruction manuals from the 1570s onwards, most notably those of the Italian teacher John Florio, highlights the importance of translation in the language-learning process. This study emphasises the impact of language-learning translation on contemporary habits of literary imitation, in its detailed analyses of Daniel's sonnet sequence 'Delia' and his pastoral tragicomedies, and Shakespeare's use of Italian materials in 'Measure for Measure' and 'Othello'.
eBook
NETSseq reveals inflammatory and aging mechanisms in distinct cell types, driving cerebellar decline in ataxia telangiectasia
Ataxia–telangiectasia (A–T) is a rare, autosomal recessive, multisystem disorder caused by mutations in the Ataxia–Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) gene and is characterized by a devastating and progressive neurological pathology. The cellular and molecular changes driving the neurological abnormalities associated with A-T are not well understood. Here, we applied our proprietary Nuclear Enriched Transcript Sort sequencing (NETSseq) platform to investigate changes in cell type composition and gene expression in human cerebellar post-mortem tissue from A-T and control donors. We found dysregulation in neurotransmitter signaling in granule neurons, potentially underlying the impaired motor coordination in A-T. Astrocytes and microglia have evidence of accelerated aging, with astrocytes being characterized by neurotoxic signatures, while microglia showed activation of DNA damage response pathways. Compared to single-nuclei technologies, NETSseq provided a more robust detection of genes with low abundance, a higher cell type specific expression pattern, and significantly lower levels of cross-contamination. These findings highlight the importance of NETSseq as a resource for investigating mechanisms and biological processes associated with disease, providing high-sensitivity, cell-specific insights to advance targeted therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Journal Article