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Printed electronics offer a breakthrough in the penetration of information technology into everyday life. The possibility of printing electronic circuits will further promote the spread of the Internet of Things applications. Inks based on graphene have a chance to dominate this technology, as they potentially can be low cost and applied directly on materials like textile and paper. Here we report the environmentally sustainable route of production of graphene ink suitable for screen-printing technology. The use of non-toxic solvent Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) significantly speeds up and reduces the cost of the liquid phase exfoliation of graphite. Printing with our ink results in very high conductivity (7.13 × 10 4  S m −1 ) devices, which allows us to produce wireless connectivity antenna operational from MHz to tens of GHz, which can be used for wireless data communication and energy harvesting, which brings us very close to the ubiquitous use of printed graphene technology for such applications. Printed conductive inks show promise for future electronic device applications. Here, the authors report synthesis of graphene inks with conductivity of 7.13 × 10^4 S/m by Cyrene assisted liquid phase exfoliation, and their applications in data communication and RF energy harvesting.

In this work, the relative dielectric permittivity of graphene oxide (GO), both its real and imaginary parts, have been measured under various humidity conditions at GHz. It is demonstrated that the relative dielectric permittivity increases with increasing humidity due to water uptake. This finding is very different to that at a couple of MHz or lower frequency, where the relative dielectric permittivity increases with decreasing humidity. This GO electrical property was used to create a battery-free wireless radio-frequency identification (RFID) humidity sensor by coating printed graphene antenna with the GO layer. The resonance frequency as well as the backscattering phase of such GO/graphene antenna become sensitive to the surrounding humidity and can be detected by the RFID reader. This enables battery-free wireless monitoring of the local humidity with digital identification attached to any location or item and paves the way for low-cost efficient sensors for Internet of Things (IoTs) applications.

In this paper, we report highly conductive, highly flexible, light weight and low cost printed graphene for wireless wearable communications applications. As a proof of concept, printed graphene enabled transmission lines and antennas on paper substrates were designed, fabricated and characterized. To explore its potentials in wearable communications applications, mechanically flexible transmission lines and antennas under various bended cases were experimentally studied. The measurement results demonstrate that the printed graphene can be used for RF signal transmitting, radiating and receiving, which represents some of the essential functionalities of RF signal processing in wireless wearable communications systems. Furthermore, the printed graphene can be processed at low temperature so that it is compatible with heat-sensitive flexible materials like papers and textiles. This work brings a step closer to the prospect to implement graphene enabled low cost and environmentally friendly wireless wearable communications systems in the near future.

Background:Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) serves as a critical component in ongoing care for cardiovascular disease patients, improving postoperative anxiety and depression in cardiac surgery patients while reducing readmission rates and mortality. However, patient completion rates for CR programs remain low due to insufficient awareness and lack of social support. This study aimed to investigate the impact of family support levels on self-management behaviors in postoperative cardiac surgery patients, providing a basis for family-based cardiac rehabilitation interventions.Methods:This cross-sectional survey involved 76 patients who had undergone major vascular surgeries one month prior and were subsequently discharged from the hospital’s cardiology department. Participants completed questionnaires assessing demographic details, family support, psychological status, and self-management practices. Logistic regression analysis identified factors influencing perceived social support from family (PSS-Fa), while correlation analyses examined relationships between family support and self-management behaviors.Results:The mean PSS-Fa score was 10.82 ± 1.50, and the average self-management behavior score was 140.80 ± 20.46. Female gender, marital status, and educational attainment significantly influenced higher family support scores (p < 0.05). For the univariate analysis, key determinants of better self-management included age, educational level, marital status, household income, type of medical insurance, presence of comorbidities, cardiac function classification, and psychological states indicative of anxiety or depression (all p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that PSS-Fa, age, and education level significantly influenced self-management behaviors in postoperative cardiac patients. Family support and education level had a positive effect, while age had a negative impact. The model’s overall fit statistics are R2 = 0.821 and F = 33.722 (p < 0.05). Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a positive association between family support and overall self-management behaviors (r = 0.303, p < 0.05), particularly in nutrition management, exercise adherence, self-monitoring, and timely medical consultations.Conclusion:This suggests that the role of family support should be fully considered in developing CR programs in the future, and targeted interventions should be implemented to enhance this support, thereby potentially improving patient outcomes and adherence to CR programs.

Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) exert various effects on adzuki bean yields. Our research was conducted in a semi-arid area, and four test sites were established in environments that have chernozem or sandy loam soils. During a five-year period, the effects of N, P, and K fertilizers on yield were comprehensively investigated in field trials (2014–2016) and for model-implementation trials (2017–2018), with models established prior to the latter. In the field trials, 23 treatments comprising different N, P, and K combinations significantly affected both yield and yield components, and regression analysis indicated that the experimental results were suitable for model establishment. The model subsequently demonstrated that the yield and the yield components were more sensitive to N and K fertilizer than to P fertilizer. Moreover, the yield and yield components increased. These yield increases were intense in response to the 0.5 to 1.34 levels in terms of the single effects; interaction effects; and the effects of combinations of N, P, and K fertilizers. Moreover, the effects of combinations of N, P, and K fertilizers were more significant on yield than were the single or interaction effects of N, P, and K fertilizers. The optimal fertilizer combination that resulted in high yields (≥1941.53 kg ha −1 ) comprised 57.23–68.43 kg ha −1 N, 36.04–47.32 kg ha −1 P 2 O 5 and 50.29–61.27 kg ha −1 K 2 O. The fertilizer combination that resulted in the maximum yield was 62.98 kg ha −1 N, 47.04 kg ha −1 P 2 O 5 and 59.95 kg ha −1 K 2 O (N:P 2 O 5 :K 2 O = 1:0.75:0.95), which produced the model-expected yield in trials at multiple sites. An economical fertilizer combination was determined on the basis of the best fertilizer measures in consideration of the cost of fertilizer and seed; this combination achieved yields of 2236.17 kg ha −1 , the profit was 15,653.16 Yuan ha −1 , and the corresponding rates were 57.60 kg ha −1 N, 47.03 kg ha −1 P 2 O 5 , and 31.64 kg ha −1 K 2 O (N:P 2 O 5 :K 2 O = 1:0.82:0.55).

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to determine the characteristics of myocardial damage at different stages of diabetes mellitus (DM) using layer-specific myocardial strain. Material and methods: Thirty six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into either the control group (n =18) or the DM group (induced with alloxan) (n=18). For the myocardial deformation studies echocardiography and layer-specific strain were performed at baseline and after 3, 6, and 9 months in all of the rabbits. Three-layer longitudinal strain (LS) was calculated in the apical 4-chamber view, and three-layer circumferential strain (CS) in the short-axis view at the level of mitral valve. Layer-specific longitudinal and circumferential strains were assessed from endocardium, mid-myocardium and epicardium. For histomorphological study of the heart structure, the rabbits were sacrificed at 3, 6 and 9 months. Routine hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed. Results: The highest absolute values of left ventricular longitudinal strain (LS) and circumferential strain (CS) were registered in the endocardium and the lowest in the epicardium in both groups. At 3 months, there was no significant difference in three-layer LS and CS (p>0.05), but at 6 months the LS of endocardium (LSendo) and CS of endocardium (CSendo) were lower in the DM group compared with the control group; at 9 months, the rest of the parameters were also decreased (p<0.05). Moreover, in ROC analysis at 6 months LSendo yielded better sensitivity and specificity in the detection of diabetic cardiomyopathy (AUC of LSendo was 0.897 and AUC of CSendo was 0.617). With the progression of untreated diabetes, the histopathological abnormalities intensified gradually beginning at 6 months. Conclusion: The progressive impairments in LV myocardial deformation and structure occurs early in diabetic rabbits, the myocardial damage may be nontransmural, and endocardial function is more susceptible to be affected by DM. Layer-specific myocardial strain echocardiography may identify subtle myocardial dysfunction in the early stages of DM.

Chickenpox may lead to several neurological complications. Optic neuritis is one of the complications which has rarely been described, especially in immunocompetent individuals. We report a case of an 11-year-old immunocompetent girl who presented with sudden onset bilateral vision loss three weeks after varicella eruption. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral optic disc edema. Diagnosis of bilateral optic neuritis secondary to varicella was established based upon the preceding medical history, supported with clinical and radiological findings.

Background We aimed to analyze the differences in the peripheral blood cells and tumor biomarkers between the patients with endometriosis and healthy people, and establish a more efficient combined diagnostic model. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the differences in the peripheral blood cells and tumor biomarkers between the patients with endometriosis and healthy people. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to establish a combined diagnostic model. We plotted the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of different diagnostic indexes. Results Compared with patients in the control group, patients in the endometriosis group had significantly lower eosinophil% (p = 0.045), neutrophil (p = 0.001), lymphocyte (p < 0.001), red blood cells (RBCs) (p < 0.001), and hemoglobin (HGB) (p < 0.001), and had significantly higher monocyte% (p = 0.008), monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR) (p = 0.001), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (p < 0.001), carbohydrate antigen (CA)‐199 (p < 0.001), CA125 (p < 0.001), human epididymis protein (HE)‐4 (p < 0.001), and the risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) (p < 0.001). The combined diagnostic model of HGB, CA199, CA125, and HE4 was established by binary logistic regression analysis. The ROC curve showed that the combined diagnostic model reached a sensitivity of 85.4%, a specificity of 78.83%, and an area under the curve of 0.900, which was significantly higher than that of the individual index in endometriosis diagnosis. Conclusion The combined diagnostic model of HGB, CA199, CA125, and HE4 may provide a new approach for the early non‐invasive diagnosis of endometriosis. This study retrospectively analyzed the differences in the peripheral blood cells and their derivative parameters and tumor biomarkers between the patients with endometriosis and healthy people, and established a more efficient combined diagnostic model based on HGB, CA199, CA125, and HE4. The combined diagnostic model reached a sensitivity of 85.4%, a specificity of 78.83%, and an area under the curve of 0.900, which may provide a novel approach for the early non‐invasive diagnosis of endometriosis.

Related trials in the treatment of high concentration desulfurization dust were operated in order to optimize the parameters of bag filter, established a set of data fit to semi-dry flue gas desulfurization dust, processed simulated flue gas with a concentration of SO2 600mg/m3, adopt filtration velocity between 0.63 ~ 0.98m/min, injection pressure between 0.3 ~ 0.4MPa, injection time between 200 ~ 300s. The experiments proved that the selection of the filtration velocity about the treatment of high concentrations desulfurization dust should be distinguished from the general cases. In addition, pulse pressure also should not be too high.

Graphene is claimed to be the wonder material that could potentially redefine our future technologies. The reason behind this is that graphene possesses outstanding electronic and mechanical properties. These unique properties could improve or reinvent a vast variety of applications that used every day in our life. For many years, most researches were focusing on fundamental physics and properties of the graphene. The progress of graphene has been quicker than other comparable materials although a lot of the most exciting areas of graphene science are still in the early stages. This thesis mainly focuses on the research of the realization of Radio Frequency (RF) graphene based wireless applications. To begin with, the tunability of graphene is utilized to design graphene based attenuator, single and multi-frequency reconfigurable antennas. These works show the feasibility of applying monolayer graphene sheet into RF applications and antenna designs. In addition to that, graphene conductive ink was made utilizing graphene flakes as base material and to make this screen printed material vastly more conductive by compression technique. This technique is low-cost and efficient, and the printed samples are flexible and environmental friendly. This thesis also presents the design and ministration of Ultra high frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) antenna, Near Field Communication (NFC) Antennas based on printed graphene technology. The pioneering experiments on printed graphene show this technology can significantly reduce the cost for RFID applications thanks to a much simpler process and lower material cost. Furthermore, the fundamental experiments on Graphene Oxide (GO) dielectric properties in GHz are applied in RF enabled humidity sensor and Wireless Graphene Security Networks extends the possibilities of applying printed graphene technology into internet of things (IoT) and wireless communication applications.