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Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) modulates intestinal barrier integrity and intestinal homeostasis as an antioxidant enzyme. Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by the intestinal stem cells (ISCs). However, whether and how SOD1 regulates ISCs is unknown. In this study, we established intestinal organoids from tamoxifen–inducible intestinal epithelial cell–specific Sod1 knockout ( Sod1 f/f ; Vil-creERT2 ) mice. We found that loss of Sod1 in organoids suppressed the proliferation and survival of cells and Lgr5 gene expression. SOD1 is known for nearly half a century for its canonical role as an antioxidant enzyme. We identified its enzyme-independent function in ISC: inhibition of SOD1 enzymatic activity had no impact on organoid growth, and enzymatically inactive Sod1 mutants could completely rescue the growth defects of Sod1 deficient organoids, suggesting that SOD1-mediated ISC growth is independent of its enzymatic activity. Moreover, Sod1 deficiency did not affect the ROS levels of the organoid, but induced the elevated WNT signaling and excessive Paneth cell differentiation, which mediates the occurrence of growth defects in Sod1 deficient organoids. In vivo, epithelial Sod1 loss induced a higher incidence of apoptosis in the stem cell regions and increased Paneth cell numbers, accompanied by enhanced expression of EGFR ligand Epiregulin (EREG) in the stromal tissue, which may compensate for Sod1 loss and maintain intestinal structure in vivo. Totally, our results show a novel enzyme-independent function of SOD1 in ISC growth under homeostasis.

Fusobacterium nucleatum can bind to host cells and potentiate intestinal tumorigenesis. Here we used a genome-wide screen to identify an adhesin, RadD, which facilitates the attachment of F. nucleatum to colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro. RadD directly binds to CD147, a receptor overexpressed on CRC cell surfaces, which initiated a PI3K–AKT–NF–κB–MMP9 cascade, subsequently enhancing tumorigenesis in mice. Clinical specimen analysis showed that elevated radD gene levels in CRC tissues correlated positively with activated oncogenic signalling and poor patient outcomes. Finally, blockade of the interaction between RadD and CD147 in mice effectively impaired F. nucleatum attachment and attenuated F. nucleatum -induced oncogenic response. Together, our study provides insights into an oncogenic mechanism driven by F. nucleatum RadD and suggests that the RadD–CD147 interaction could be a potential therapeutic target for CRC. The bacterial adhesin, RadD, enhances the ability of Fusobacterium nucleatum to interact with colorectal cancer cells and promote tumour development in mice.

As the first step in 3D point cloud process, registration plays an critical role in determining the quality of subsequent results. In this paper, an initial registration algorithm of point clouds based on random sampling is proposed. In the proposed algorithm, the base points set is first extracted randomly in the target point cloud, next an optimal corresponding points set is got from the source point cloud, then a transform matrix is estimated based on the two sets with least square methods, finally the matrix is applied on the source point cloud. Experimental results show that this algorithm has ideal precision as well as good robustness.

The idea of orthogonal space is introduced into multiple watermarking, and a new type of multiple watermarking method based on the principle of orthogonality is summarized. Two different subclasses are introduced, while in one subclass, the watermarks are made to be orthogonal to each other before embedded, and in the other subclass, the watermarks are embedded into the cover vectors which are orthogonal to each other and extracted from the original cover. The performances of the two subclasses are compared and analyzed, and the analytic results show that the multiple watermarking method based on the principle of orthogonality has very good performances, such as the capacity of singular watermark and the number of watermarks that can be embedded, and what's more, it can avoid the interference of one watermark signal with another.

The additive noise is a common type of noise in signal processing. Although its existence does not depend on the input signal, it has a great interference on the useful signal. In the field of information hiding, additive noise and de-noising is also an important research direction and is crucial for the security. In this paper, different information hiding methods of linear carrier are analyzed and the pros and cons of each way are compared. Beside this, a deep research is carried on the effect of Gaussian noise and Salt & Pepper noise on each method. The simulation comparison shows that additive noise has a great influence on information hiding, and under the same noise intensity, the method of hiding information based on the difference of concave and convex square waves has stronger robustness.

Online digital image trading is a new tendency in digital stage, and multiple watermarking is one of the most important techniques that can be used to protect copyright and content security. In this paper a dynamic multiple watermarking method based on spread transform is introduced into the digital work trading frame developed from the frame proposed by European Union in order to make sure that the frame can make a good balance among the rights and interests of the work originators, the work publishers and the buyers really and truly.

The Point Cloud Library (PCL) is a good tool for point cloud data processing. In this paper, a method of 3D reconstruction for rock mass based on PCL is introduced, where hardware choosing, parallel computing, PCL, and edge extraction are analyzed and used in order to realize a better reconstruction effect, including both precision and speed. The reconstruction results can be used in engineering calculation.

False alarm and missing alarm are two of the most important performances for multiple bits watermarking systems. In this paper, we study false alarm and missing alarm probability models when multiple watermarks or multiple bits watermarks embedded. We derive the false alarm and missing alarm probability models for dither modulation from the detection principle of the detectors. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental results obtained in the case of random work and watermark, and the comparison validates the accuracy of the models, and it also shows that random work and watermark have little influence on the false alarm and missing alarm probabilities, and this is the same with the situation when only one bit watermark is embedded by DM.

With the rapid development of various three dimensional scanning devices, the 3D point cloud data of many objects in the real world can be easily obtained. Therefore, research on 3D reconstruction technology based on point cloud has important practical significance. In this paper, first the research background of point cloud reconstruction is analyzed; and then the typical methods for reconstruction are presented and discussed; finally the performance of these methods are analyzed and compared qualitatively, and the development trend in this field is prospected.

Background： Adenomyosis is a gynecological disorder with symptoms most presenting as dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding. However, the presence of lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS） among women with adenomyosis remains unclear. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of LUTS and factors related to the severity of these symptoms in this population. Methods： From July 2016 to November 2016, a total of 298 untreated symptomatic adenomyosis patients and 280 age-matched controls were enrolled. Demographics, LUTS, pain symptoms, ultrasouographic uterine size, and serum CA125 level were recorded. LUTS were evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS） questionnaire. Factors related to the severity of LUTS were detected using the logistic regression analysis presented as odds ratio （OR） and 95% confidence interval （CI）. Results： Compared with the control group, patients with adenomyosis had a greater IPSS total （4 [2-8] vs. 2 [0-3], Z = -8.159, P 〈 0.001 ）, IPSS storage （2 [1-4] vs. [[0 2], Z = -7.361 [P 〈 0.001）, and I PSS voiding （2 [0-4] vs. 0 [0-1], Z = -7.[94, P 〈 0.001）. Of the patients with adenomyosis, 30.2% had moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms （IPSS 〉8）. The most prevalent LUTS were daytime frequency （40.9%）, lbllowed by nocturia （24.8%）, weak stream （24.2%）, and incomplete emptying （23.5%）. In study group, patients with an IPSS total score ≥8 had higher proportion of menorrhagia （51.1% vs. 30.8%, χ2 = 11. 162 P = 0.025） and larger uterine volumes （183.3 [109.8-273.8] cm3 vs. 148.5 [96.4-262.7] cm3, Z=- 1.441, P = 0.150） compared to patients with an IPSS total score 〈8. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, patients with menorrhagia were associated with an increased risk of an IPSS total score 〉8 （OR： 2.309, 95% CI： 1.310-4.070, P= 0.004）, an IPSS storage subscore 〉4 （OR： 2.422, 95% CI： 1.395-4.206, P= 0.002）, and an IPSS voiding subscore 〉5 （OR： 1.971, 95% （CI： 1.176-3.302, p= 0.010）. However, patients with uterine volume more than 180 cm3 had more than 2-fold risk of bearing IPSS total score ≥8 （OR： 2.437, 95% CI： 1.381-4.300, P = 0.002）, 1PSS storage subscore 〉4 （OR： 2.486, 95% CI： 1.433-4.314, P =0.001）, and IPSS voiding subscore ≥5 （OR： 2.700, 95% （CI： 1.485-4.908, P=0.001）. Conclusions： Lower urinary tract synaptoms are prevalent in patients with symptomatic adenomyosis and greatly affect patients＇ quality of life. Menorrhagia and large uterine volume could be potential risk factors that increase the occurrence of moderate-to-severe LUTS.