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"Leonard, Max"
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Comparison of intraoperative 2D vs. 3D imaging in open reduction and fixation of distal radius fractures
PurposeIn the volar plating of distal radius fractures, intraoperative three-dimensional (3D) imaging is designed to allow better judgment regarding screw and implant positioning compared with conventional intraoperative two-dimensional (2D) imaging. We evaluated the impact of these two imaging modalities on the rates of intraoperative revision and secondary surgery, as well as the need for implant removal during follow-up.MethodsA retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent volar plate osteosynthesis for isolated distal radius fractures between January 2008 and April 2016 was performed. Patient files were evaluated for intraoperative imaging findings, intraoperative and postoperative revision rates, and implant removal during follow-up. Additional analyses of radiation exposure, operation time, and hospitalization time were performed.ResultsA total of 314 patients were analyzed (mean age: 54 ± 19 years; 210 females). For 246 patients, only 2D imaging was performed, while the remaining 68 patients underwent both 2D and 3D imaging (O-Arm, Medtronic). The intraoperative revision rate was significantly (p < 0.001) higher with 3D imaging (32.4%) compared with 2D imaging (2.0%). The postoperative revision rates were similar between both the groups (2.9% vs. 2.0%; p = 0.674). Compared with 2D imaging, the use of the Medtronic O-Arm resulted in a significantly lower implant removal rate (8.8% vs. 18.7%; p = 0.036) during follow-up.ConclusionCompared with conventional 2D imaging, the use of intraoperative 3D imaging significantly increased the intraoperative revision rate and has the potential for positive long-term effects for lowering the risk of requiring an implant removal.
Journal Article
Higher calling : cycling's obsession with mountains
\"Guaranteed to appeal to all lovers of cycling, the author of Lanterne Rouge explores the glorious--and painful--allure of cycling up mountain peaks.\"-- Amazon.com.
Book
Solution of a 20-Variable 3-SAT Problem on a DNA Computer
A 20-variable instance of the NP-complete three-satisfiability (3-SAT) problem was solved on a simple DNA computer. The unique answer was found after an exhaustive search of more than 1 million (220) possibilities. This computational problem may be the largest yet solved by nonelectronic means. Problems of this size appear to be beyond the normal range of unaided human computation.
Journal Article
A cold spell : a human history of ice
Ice has confounded, delighted and fascinated us since the first sparks of art and culture in Europe and it now underpins the modern world. Without ice, we would not feed ourselves or heal our sick as we do, and our towns and cities, countryside and oceans would look very different. Science would not have progressed along the avenues it did and our galleries and libraries would be missing many masterpieces. 'A Cold Spell' uses this vital link to understanding our past to tell a surprising story of obsession, invention and adventure - how we have lived and dreamed, celebrated and traded, innovated, loved and fought over thousands of years.
Book
ALL ABOUT HATS: HEADWEAR TRENDS
Photo courtesy of Infinity Her Flexfit Delta Snapback with Perforation 180AP The Flexfit Delta Snapback takes innovation further with laser-cut perforations for maximum breathability and a snapback closure for a customizable fit. Photo courtesy of Sportsman Cap & Bag Performance (Athletic & Outdoors) Performance headwear comes in various shapes, sizes and materials, varying by brand and style. Photo courtesy of Sportsman Cap & Bag Legacy: CUT Above The Cut Above lives up to its namesake, crafted with recycled polyester, moisture- wicking technologies and a laser cut/perforated mesh back. Advancements in materials, such as laser-cut perforated mesh and water-resistant or buoyant fabrics, enhance performance and durability.
Trade Publication Article
Molecular computation of solutions to combinatorial proteins
The tools of molecular biology were used to solve an instance of the directed Hamiltonian path problem. A small graph was encoded in molecules of DNA, and the \"operations\" of the computation were performed with standard protocols and enzymes. This experiment demonstrates the feasibility of carrying out computations at the molecular level.
Journal Article