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تطوير إقتصاد دائري في الصين
هذا العمل الجماعي المشترك، كما يشير عنوانه : (التاريخ المديني الحضري للصين) هو كتاب حضاري بامتياز. كتاب يستعرض جوانب أساسية من حضارة الشعب الصيني القديمة-المتجددة الراسخة، الضاربة جذورها عميقا في تربة التاريخ البشري الشامل. يعد الكتاب سفر حضاري قيم وبحث متصل رصين حول التطور التاريخي العمراني في المدن الصينية وهو إذ يتناول بشكل أساسي، فن العمارة والبناء والتصميم وتخطيط المدن والشوارع والأحياء والأسواق والمقار الحكومية والحدائق والمعابد والساحات ومسالك الملاحة النهرية والري، فإنه لا يغفل في الوقت نفسه عن ما يتصل به هذا الموضوع، من عشرات المواضيع الحضارية والثقافية والمعيشية الأخرى، مثل : العبادات والاعتقادات والتقاليد والعادات والآداب والطقوس والحرف والفنون والنظم الاجتماعية والصراع السياسي والغزو الخارجي والتنظيم الحكومي والقبلي والاجتماعي والطبقي والعسكري والإداري والإنمائي والعمراني والإسكاني والتعليمي والتجاري والأدبي والفني والموسيقي والفولكلوري. إنه كتاب جميل يقدم العديد من اللوحات الرشيقة الرحبة المتقابلة المتلاحقة المتكاملة التي ترحل بنا بين القصور والأنهار والأسوار والأحياء والمعاهد والمعابد وهياكل عبادة الأجداد ومواقع التنقيب والساحات والحدائق والميادين ودواوين الشعر وسجلات التاريخ ولا يخلو كل ذلك من جولات من البحث المقارن في غير أمر من هذه الأمور ولن نطيل عليكم في الإضاءة على مواضيع هذا الكتاب لأكثر من ذلك، آملين لكم سلاسة القراءة ومتعة الاكتشاف.
Book
Gut microbiota in pancreatic diseases: possible new therapeutic strategies
Pancreatic diseases such as pancreatitis, type 1 diabetes and pancreatic cancer impose substantial health-care costs and contribute to marked morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have suggested a link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and pancreatic diseases; however, the potential roles and mechanisms of action of gut microbiota in pancreatic diseases remain to be fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the evidence that supports relationship between alterations of gut microbiota and development of pancreatic diseases, and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of pancreatic diseases. We also propose current strategies toward gut microbiota to advance a developing research field that has clinical potential to reduce the cost of pancreatic diseases.
Journal Article
Metal-enriched HSP90 nanoinhibitor overcomes heat resistance in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy used for peritoneal metastases
Clinical hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is regarded as a potential treatment that can prolong survival of patients with peritoneal metastases after cytoreductive surgery. However, treated tumor cells are prone to becoming heat resistant to HIPEC therapy through high expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Here, a carrier-free bifunctional nanoinhibitor was developed for HIPEC therapy in the management of peritoneal metastases. Self-assembly of the nanoinhibitor was formed by mixing Mn ion and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in a controllable manner. Such nanoinhibitor directly inhibited HSP90 and impaired the HSP90 chaperone cycle by reduced intracellular ATP level. Additionally, heat and Mn ion synergistically induced oxidative stress and expression of caspase 1, which activated GSDMD by proteolysis and caused pyroptosis in tumor cells, triggering immunogenic inflammatory cell death and induced maturation of dendritic cells through the release of tumor antigens. This strategy to inhibit heat resistance in HIPEC presented an unprecedented paradigm for converting “cold” tumors into “hot” ones, thus significantly eradicating disseminated tumors located deep in the abdominal cavity and stimulating immune response in peritoneal metastases of a mouse model. Collectively, the nanoinhibitor effectively induced pyroptosis of colon tumor cells under heat conditions by inhibiting heat stress resistance and increasing oxidative stress, which may provide a new strategy for treatment of colorectal peritoneal metastases.
Journal Article
Research on geometric dimension measurement system of shaft parts based on machine vision
Computer vision measurement systems have become more and more widely used in industrial production processes. Traditional manual measurement methods cannot guarantee product quality. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the technology level of the manufacturing industry to study the automatic measurement system for the dimension of shaft parts with low cost, high precision, and high efficiency. A geometric part measurement system for shaft parts based on machine vision is presented in this paper. It uses the CCD camera to get the image. First, it preprocesses the collected images. In view of the influence of the noise and other factors, the wavelet denoising is used to denoise the image. Then, an improved single pixel edge detection method is proposed based on the Canny detection operator to extract the edge contour of the part image. Finally, the geometrical quantity algorithm is applied to the measurement research, and the measured data are obtained and analyzed. The experimental results show that the repeatability error of the system is less than 0.01 mm.
Journal Article
Health Functions and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Tea Components: An Update Review
Tea is widely consumed all over the world. Generally, tea is divided into six categories: White, green, yellow, oolong, black, and dark teas, based on the fermentation degree. Tea contains abundant phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, free amino acids, and saponins. However, the bioavailability of tea phytochemicals is relatively low. Thus, some novel technologies like nanotechnology have been developed to improve the bioavailability of tea bioactive components and consequently enhance the bioactivity. So far, many studies have demonstrated that tea shows various health functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-regulatory, anticancer, cardiovascular-protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and hepato-protective effects. Moreover, it is also considered that drinking tea is safe to humans, since reports about the severe adverse effects of tea consumption are rare. In order to provide a better understanding of tea and its health potential, this review summarizes and discusses recent literature on the bioactive components, bioavailability, health functions, and safety issues of tea, with special attention paid to the related molecular mechanisms of tea health functions.
Journal Article
Pan-cancer single-cell analysis reveals the heterogeneity and plasticity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the predominant components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and influence cancer hallmarks, but without systematic investigation on their ubiquitous characteristics across different cancer types. Here, we perform pan-cancer analysis on 226 samples across 10 solid cancer types to profile the TME at single-cell resolution, illustrating the commonalities/plasticity of heterogenous CAFs. Activation trajectory of the major CAF types is divided into three states, exhibiting distinct interactions with other cell components, and relating to prognosis of immunotherapy. Moreover, minor CAF components represent the alternative origin from other TME components (e.g., endothelia and macrophages). Particularly, the ubiquitous presentation of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition CAF, which may interact with proximal SPP
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tumor-associated macrophages, is implicated in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and survival stratifications. Our study comprehensively profiles the shared characteristics and dynamics of CAFs, and highlight their heterogeneity and plasticity across different cancer types. Browser of integrated pan-cancer single-cell information is available at
https://gist-fgl.github.io/sc-caf-atlas/
.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a predominant and critical component of the tumour microenvironment. Here, the authors integrate and analyse single-cell RNA-seq data of CAFs across 10 common solid cancer types, identifying their plasticity and interactions with other cell types.
Journal Article
The Relationship Between Presence of Meaning, Search for Meaning, and Subjective Well-Being: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis Based on the Meaning in Life Questionnaire
Meaning in life can be understood as how much people experience life meaning (i.e., presence of meaning, POM) and how intensely they seek life meaning (i.e., search for meaning, SFM). Previous research has related POM and SFM to the subjective well-being (SWB) of individuals, but the findings are inconsistent. This meta-analysis investigates the overall relationship between POM/SFM and SWB by examining previous studies that have used Steger et al.’s (J Couns Psychol 53:80–93, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.80) Meaning in Life Questionnaire to assess POM and SFM. Results of 147 studies, reporting 726 effect sizes (N = 92,169), suggest the effect size for the “POM–SWB” relationship is close to medium (ESz = .418, p < .001, 95% CI [.390, .446]). The effect is larger in life satisfaction and cross-sectional studies. The effect size for the “SFM–SWB” association is small (ESz = − .121, p < .001, 95% CI [− .155,− .087]), with the effect being larger for negative affect, cross-sectional studies, and older participants. Interestingly, SFM is related to more SWB in participants from countries that are more collectivistic. This study shows a robust link between presence of life meaning and greater SWB, and that while search for life meaning may be adverse to SWB, the effect is small and conditional.
Journal Article
Antioxidant Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases
Overproduction of oxidants (reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species) in the human body is responsible for the pathogenesis of some diseases. The scavenging of these oxidants is thought to be an effective measure to depress the level of oxidative stress of organisms. It has been reported that intake of vegetables and fruits is inversely associated with the risk of many chronic diseases, and antioxidant phytochemicals in vegetables and fruits are considered to be responsible for these health benefits. Antioxidant phytochemicals can be found in many foods and medicinal plants, and play an important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. They often possess strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities, as well as anti-inflammatory action, which are also the basis of other bioactivities and health benefits, such as anticancer, anti-aging, and protective action for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity and neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes recent progress on the health benefits of antioxidant phytochemicals, and discusses their potential mechanisms in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.
Journal Article
An Electrochemical Perspective of Aqueous Zinc Metal Anode
HighlightsDetailed discussion and summary of aqueous electrolyte chemistry, parasitic reactions chemistry, and storage energy chemistry and their relationship in aqueous zinc ions batteries are conducted.The recent development of strategies for enhancing the inherent stability of electrolyte and zinc anode to restrain parasitic reactions is reviewed from a thermodynamic perspective.The regulation strategies of electrolyte/electrode interfaces to block parasitic reactions by adsorbents and solid electrolyte interphase are reviewed from a kinetic perspective. Based on the attributes of nonflammability, environmental benignity, and cost-effectiveness of aqueous electrolytes, as well as the favorable compatibility of zinc metal with them, aqueous zinc ions batteries (AZIBs) become the leading energy storage candidate to meet the requirements of safety and low cost. Yet, aqueous electrolytes, acting as a double-edged sword, also play a negative role by directly or indirectly causing various parasitic reactions at the zinc anode side. These reactions include hydrogen evolution reaction, passivation, and dendrites, resulting in poor Coulombic efficiency and short lifespan of AZIBs. A comprehensive review of aqueous electrolytes chemistry, zinc chemistry, mechanism and chemistry of parasitic reactions, and their relationship is lacking. Moreover, the understanding of strategies for suppressing parasitic reactions from an electrochemical perspective is not profound enough. In this review, firstly, the chemistry of electrolytes, zinc anodes, and parasitic reactions and their relationship in AZIBs are deeply disclosed. Subsequently, the strategies for suppressing parasitic reactions from the perspective of enhancing the inherent thermodynamic stability of electrolytes and anodes, and lowering the dynamics of parasitic reactions at Zn/electrolyte interfaces are reviewed. Lastly, the perspectives on the future development direction of aqueous electrolytes, zinc anodes, and Zn/electrolyte interfaces are presented.
Journal Article