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The digital economy provides new impetus for the high-quality development of manufacturing industry. Through the DEA-Malmquist model and panel regression model, this paper confirmed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the development of digital economy and the green total factor productivity (GTFP) of manufacturing industry. The research result is as follows: (1) the development of digital economy can enhance the overall GTFP of manufacturing industry. (2) The green technology progress brought by the development of digital economy is the main path to promote the GTFP of manufacturing industry. (3) The heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of digital economy on GTFP of high pollution manufacturing industry is significantly positive, the impact of labor-intensive manufacturing industry is significantly negative, and the impact of technology intensive manufacturing industry is not obvious. The contributions of this study are as follow. In terms of theory, this study theoretically continues Solow’s classical theory, demonstrating the scientific nature of digital technology progress in promoting GTFP growth. In empirical analysis, this study build a new digital economy development level evaluation index system based on the perspective of manufacturing industry. In addition, this study also add a labor-technology-pollution perspective for the development of relevant policies.

Liver is the principal detoxifying organ and metabolizes various compounds that produce free radicals (FR) constantly. To maintain the oxidative/antioxidative balance in the liver, antioxidants would scavenge FR by preventing tissue damage through FR formation, scavenging, or by enhancing their decomposition. The disruption of this balance therefore leads to oxidative stress and in turn leads to the onset of various diseases. Supplying the liver with exogeneous antioxidants is an effective way to recreate the oxidative/antioxidative balance in the liver homeostasis. Nevertheless, due to the short half-life and instability of antioxidants in circulation, the methodology for delivering antioxidants to the liver needs to be improved. Nanocarrier mediated delivery of antioxidants proved to be an ingenious way to safely and efficiently deliver a high payload of antioxidants into the liver for circumventing liver diseases. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the role of reactive oxygen species (oxidant) and ROS scavengers (antioxidant) in liver diseases. Subsequently, current nanocarrier mediated antioxidant delivery methods for liver diseases are discussed.

Wastewater containing methanesulfonic acid (MSA) mainly originates from the production process of metal detergent, which also contributes significantly to environmental pollution. This study investigates the extraction of MSA from wastewater using trioctylamine (TOA). A thorough investigation was carried out into the factors that affect extraction efficiency, such as the type of extractant, phase ratio (O/A), temperature, stirring speed, and extraction time. An extraction efficiency of 96.1% was achieved using TOA at 25 °C, 1400 r·min − 1 , and an extraction time of 30 min. Various techniques including FT-IR, XPS, and high-resolution ESI-MS were employed to investigate the extraction mechanism. The results of different techniques revealed that the complexation between TOA and MSA occurred through ionic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Moreover, TOA was successfully regenerated through back-extraction with sodium hydroxide. The proposed extraction system is advantageous for eco-friendly engineering applications.

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of telerehabilitation on clinical symptoms, physical function, psychological function and quality of life (QoL) in patients with post-COVID-19.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for publications from 1 January 2020 to 17 April 2024.Eligibility criteriaRCTs investigating the effects of telerehabilitation in patients with post-COVID-19 were included. The outcomes of interest encompassed clinical symptoms, physical function, psychological function and QoL. Only studies reported in English were included.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias. Statistical analysis was conducted using Review Manager V.5.3, employing mean difference (MD) with a 95% CI, and the corresponding P value was used to ascertain the treatment effect between groups. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic. The quality of evidence was assessed by GRADE.Results16 RCTs (n=1129) were included in this systematic review, 15 of which (n=1095, 16 comparisons) were included in the meta-analysis. The primary pooled analysis demonstrated that, compared with no rehabilitation or usual care, telerehabilitation can improve physical function (measured by 30 s sit-to-stand test [6 RCTs, n=310, MD=1.58 stands, 95% CI 0.50 to 2.66; p=0.004]; 6 min walking distance [6 RCTs, n=324, MD=76.90 m, 95% CI 49.47 to 104.33; p<0.00001]; and physical function from the 36-item short-form health survey [5 RCTs, n=380, MD=6.12 units, 95% CI 2.85 to 9.38; p=0.0002]). However, the pooled results did not indicate significant improvements in clinical symptoms, pulmonary function, psychological function or QoL. The quality of the evidence was graded as low for physical function and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-anxiety and very low for other assessed outcomes. The overall treatment completion rate was 78.26%, with no reports of severe adverse events in any included trials.ConclusionsDespite the lack of significant improvements in certain variables, telerehabilitation could be an effective and safe option for enhancing physical function in patients with post-COVID-19. It is advisable to conduct further well-designed trials to continue in-depth exploration of this topic.Study registrationPROSPERO, CRD42023404647.

Two undescribed ether derivatives of sesquiterpenes, 1-ethoxycaryolane-1, 9β-diol (1) and 2-ethoxyclovane-2β, 9α-diol (3), and one new monoterpene glycoside, p-menthane-1α,2α,8-triol-4-O-β-D-glucoside (5), were obtained, together with eight known compounds from the stems and leaves of I. simonsii. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1–11 were evaluated for their potency against Staphylococcus aureus and clinical methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Among them, compound 3 was weakly active against S. aureus (MIC = 128 μg/mL), and compounds 6 and 7 exhibited good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and MRSA (MICs = 2–8 µg/mL). A primary mechanism study revealed that compounds 6 and 7 could kill bacteria by destroying bacterial cell membranes. Moreover, compounds 6 and 7 were not susceptible to drug resistance development.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) exhibit significant potential in enhancing the wireless communication coverage and service quality of Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) systems due to their superior flexibility and ease of deployment. However, the rapid growth of tasks leads to transmission queuing in edge networks, while the uneven distribution of user nodes and services causes network load imbalance, resulting in increased user waiting delays. To address these issues, we propose a multi-UAV collaborative MEC network model based on Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA). In this model, UAVs are endowed with the capability to dynamically offload tasks among one another, thereby fostering a more equitable load distribution across the UAV swarm. Furthermore, the integration of NOMA is strategically employed to alleviating the inherent queuing delays in the communication infrastructure. Considering delay and energy consumption constraints, we formulate a task offloading strategy optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the overall system delay. To solve this problem, we design a delay-optimized offloading strategy based on the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm. By jointly optimizing task offloading decisions and UAV flight trajectories, the system delay is significantly reduced. Simulation results show that, compared to traditional approaches, the proposed algorithm achieves a delay reduction of 20.2%, 9.8%, 17.0%, 12.7%, 15.0%, and 11.6% under different scenarios, including varying task volumes, the number of IoT devices, UAV flight speed, flight time, IoT device computing capacity, and UAV computing capability. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution and offloading decisions in reducing the overall system delay.

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are innovative carbon-based nanomaterials that can be synthesized from organic and inorganic sources using two approaches: “top-down” (laser ablation, arc discharge, electrochemical, and acidic oxidation) and “bottom-up” (hydrothermal, ultrasound-assisted, microwave, and thermal decomposition). Among these, hydrothermal synthesis stands out as the best option as it is affordable and eco-friendly and can produce a high quantum yield. Due to their exceptional physical and chemical properties, CQDs are highly promising materials for diverse applications, i.e., medicine, bioimaging, and especially in food safety, which is one of the thriving fields of recent research worldwide. As an innovative sensing tool, CQDs with different surface functional groups enable them to detect food contaminants, i.e., food additives in processed food, drug residues in honey, and mycotoxins in beer and flour, based on different sensing mechanisms (IFE, PET, and FRET). This article discussed the sources, fabrication methods, advantages, and limitations of CQDs as a sensing for the detection of food contaminants. In addition, the cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, high quantum yield, safety concerns, and future research perspectives to enhance food quality and security were briefly highlighted. This review also explored recent advancements in CQD applications in food safety, supported by a bibliometric analysis (2014–2024) using the PubMed database.

The mechanical simulation instrument of flight simulator can meet the display visual error specified by the new regulations. By studying the working principle of the flight simulator mechanical simulation instrument, it can be seen that the mechanical simulation instrument can be quickly converted into other instruments of the same series by changing the dial. Taking the oxygen pressure indicating instrument of flight simulator as an example, this paper introduces the design principle, design circuit diagram, design angle calculation and software architecture of the instrument. It was installed on the CJ1 flight simulator for transmission delay testing. Test results show that the simulation instrument can fully meet the regulatory requirements

In recent years, Ulva prolifera green tide, as a large-scale marine ecological phenomenon, has occurred frequently in coastal areas such as the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, significantly affecting marine ecosystems and fishery resources. With the continuous advancement of remote sensing technologies, these technologies have become indispensable tools for monitoring Ulva prolifera green tides. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advances in remote sensing band indices for detecting green tides, including spatiotemporal distribution analysis, area and biomass estimation, drift trajectory modeling, and investigations of their driving mechanisms. Additionally, it identifies the limitations and unresolved challenges in current approaches, such as constraints on data resolution, algorithmic biases, and environmental variability. The potential for integrating multi-source remote sensing data with marine environmental parameters and deep learning techniques is discussed, emphasizing their roles in improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring and predicting Ulva prolifera green tides. This review aims to guide future research efforts and technological innovations in this field.

Seeds of exotic plants transported with imported goods pose a risk of alien species invasion in cross-border transportation and logistics. It is critical to develop stringent inspection and quarantine protocols with active management to control the import and export accompanied by exotic seeds. As a result, a method for promptly identifying exotic plant seeds is urgently needed. In this study, we built a database containing 3000 images of seeds of 12 invasive plants and proposed an improved YOLOv5 target detection algorithm that incorporates a channel attention mechanism. Given that certain seeds in the same family and genus are very similar in appearance and are thus difficult to differentiate, we improved the size model of the initial anchor box to converge better; moreover, we introduce three attention modules, SENet, CBAM, and ECA-Net, to enhance the extraction of globally important features while suppressing the weakening of irrelevant features, thereby effectively solving the problem of automated inspection of similar species. Experiments on an invasive alien plant seed data set reveal that the improved network model fused with ECA-Net requires only a small increase in parameters when compared to the original YOLOv5 network model and achieved greater classification and detection accuracy without affecting detection speed.