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Rational regulation of electrochemical reconfiguration and exploration of activity origin are important foundations for realizing the optimization of electrocatalyst activity, but rather challenging. Herein, we potentially develop a rapid complete reconfiguration strategy for the heterostructures of CoC 2 O 4 coated by MXene nanosheets (CoC 2 O 4 @MXene) during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) process. The self-assembled CoC 2 O 4 @MXene nanotubular structure has high electronic accessibility and abundant electrolyte diffusion channels, which favor the rapid complete reconfiguration. Such rapid reconfiguration creates new actual catalytic active species of Co(OH) 2 transformed from CoC 2 O 4 , which is coupled with MXene to facilitate charge transfer and decrease the free energy of the Volmer step toward fast HER kinetics. The reconfigured components require low overpotentials of 28 and 216 mV at 10 and 1000 mA cm −2 in alkaline conditions and decent activity and stability in natural seawater. This work gives new insights for understanding the actual active species formation during HER and opens up a new way toward high-performance electrocatalysts. Rational regulation of electrochemical reconfiguration and exploration of activity origin are important for electrocatalysis. Here, a novel CoC 2 O 4 @MXene tubular catalyst is rationally designed to achieve rapid complete reconfiguration engineering during the hydrogen evolution reaction process.

Electrospinning (e‐spin) technique has emerged as a versatile and feasible pathway for constructing diverse polymeric fabric structures, which show potential applications in many biological and biomedical fields. Owing to the advantages of adjustable mechanics, designable structures, versatile surface multi‐functionalization, and biomimetic capability to natural tissue, remarkable progress has been made in flexible bioelectronics and tissue engineering for the sensing and therapeutic purposes. In this perspective, we review recent works on design of the hierarchically structured e‐spin fibers, as well as, the fabrication strategies from one‐dimensional individual fiber (1D) to three‐dimensional (3D) fiber arrangements adaptive to specific applications. Then, we focus on the most cutting‐edge progress of their applications in flexible bioelectronics and tissue engineering. Finally, we propose future challenges and perspectives for promoting electrospun fiber‐based products toward industrialized, intelligent, multifunctional, and safe applications. Electrospinning (e‐spin) technique has emerged as a versatile and feasible pathway for constructing polymeric fabric with structural diversity, which show potential applications in flexible bioelectronics and tissue engineering for the sensing and therapeutic purposes. This perspective focus on the fabrication strategies of hierarchically structured e‐spin fibers as well as the most cutting‐edge progress in these application fields. The future challenges and prospects are also highlighted.

Anisotropy control of the electronic structure in inorganic semiconductors is an important step in developing devices endowed with multi-function. Here, we demonstrate that the intrinsic anisotropy of tellurium nanowires can be used to modulate the electronic structure and piezoelectric polarization and decouple pressure and temperature difference signals, and realize VR interaction and neuro-reflex applications. The architecture design of the device combined with self-locking effect can eliminate dependence on displacement, enabling a single device to determine the hardness and thermal conductivity of materials through a simple touch. We used a bimodal Te-based sensor to develop a wearable glove for endowing real objects to the virtual world, which greatly improves VR somatosensory feedback. In addition, we successfully achieved stimulus recognition and neural-reflex in a rabbit sciatic nerve model by integrating the sensor signals using a deep learning technique. In view of in-/ex-vivo feasibility, the bimodal Te-based sensor would be considered a novel sensing platform for a wide range application of metaverse, AI robot, and electronic medicine. The accumulation of single-function sensors can increase the complexity of virtual reality systems. Here, Shen et al. exploit the intrinsic anisotropy of tellurium nanowires to design a multi-function pressure and temperature sensor, which can be used as tactile experience in the virtual world.

Strong and ductile materials that have high resistance to corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are rare and yet essential for realizing safety-critical energy infrastructures, hydrogen-based industries, and transportation solutions. Here we report how we reconcile these constraints in the form of a strong and ductile CoNiV medium-entropy alloy with face-centered cubic structure. It shows high resistance to hydrogen embrittlement at ambient temperature at a strain rate of 10 −4  s −1 , due to its low hydrogen diffusivity and the deformation twinning that impedes crack propagation. Moreover, a dense oxide film formed on the alloy’s surface reduces the hydrogen uptake rate, and provides high corrosion resistance in dilute sulfuric acid with a corrosion current density below 7 μA cm −2 . The combination of load carrying capacity and resistance to harsh environmental conditions may qualify this multi-component alloy as a potential candidate material for sustainable and safe infrastructures and devices. Strong and ductile materials with resistance to both corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement remain rare and yet are essential for hydrogen-propelled industries. Here, the authors show that a CoNiV medium-entropy alloy with face-centered cubic structure fulfils all the above criteria.

In situ monitoring of endogenous amino acid loss through sweat can provide physiological insights into health and metabolism. However, existing amino acid biosensors are unable to quantitatively assess metabolic status during exercise and are rarely used to establish blood-sweat correlations because they only detect a single concentration indicator and disregard sweat rate. Here, we present a wearable multimodal biochip integrated with advanced electrochemical electrodes and multipurpose microfluidic channels that enables simultaneous quantification of multiple sweat indicators, including phenylalanine and chloride, as well as sweat rate. This combined measurement approach reveals a negative correlation between sweat phenylalanine levels and sweat rates among individuals, which further enables identification of individuals at high metabolic risk. By tracking phenylalanine fluctuations induced by protein intake during exercise and normalizing the concentration indicator by sweat rates to reduce interindividual variability, we demonstrate a reliable method to correlate and analyze sweat-blood phenylalanine levels for personal health monitoring. The in-depth study on the sweat–blood partitioning mechanisms of amino acids is promising for noninvasive metabolic monitoring. Here, the authors develop a wearable biochip for sweat phenylalanine multimodal analysis aimed at tracking exercise metabolic risk and exploring the sweat–blood correlation.

On 6 February 2023, a local tsunami was recorded in the southeastern Mediterranean Sea following the Mw 7.7 Turkey–Syria inland strike‐slip earthquake. Due to the lack of underwater observation, the tsunami generation mechanism remains mysterious. To understand the source mechanisms, we analyzed the tsunami waveforms of four nearby tide gauges and located possible sources using a backward tsunami ray tracing approach. We then conducted forward numerical modelings for a range of possible source parameters. We show that there were probably two tsunami sources, inside and outside Iskenderun Bay, which may be related to thick coastal sediments. A source inside the Bay with a characteristic length of 7 km produced dominant periods of 10–30 min with negative initial motion, possibly generated by a landslide. Another source of 6 km length outside the Bay produced dominant periods of 2–10 min with positive initial motions, possibly related with liquefaction. Plain Language Summary Inland earthquakes, especially inland strike‐slip earthquakes rarely produce tsunamis since tsunami waves are normally generated by vertical displacements accompanied with fault ruptures. On 6 February 2023, the Turkey–Syria strike‐slip inland earthquake of Mw 7.7 mysteriously generated a small‐scale tsunami in the southeastern Mediterranean Sea. Due to the complexity of the earthquake source and lack of underwater observation, how the tsunami waves were generated remains mysterious. To understand the tsunami origins, we analyzed the tsunami waveforms in different aspects and adopted numerical modelings to explore the possible sources. We find that there existed two tsunami sources probably generated by landslides inside the Iskenderun Bay and related with liquefactions outside the Bay. We therefore highlight the potential threat caused by the disaster chain of coastal strike‐slip earthquakes. Key Points We find distinctly different tsunami wave properties inside and outside the Iskenderun Bay We obtain possible tsunami sources that can well explain the observed tsunami waveforms Underestimated and unpredictable tsunami origins due to the disaster chain caused by coastal strike‐slip earthquakes call for more attention

HighlightsRecent progress in nanoscale covalent organic frameworks (COFs)-mediated nanomedicines for cancer diagnosis and therapy is comprehensively summarized in this review.Future perspectives and challenges regarding COFs-mediated nanomedicines for diagnosis and therapy are discussed, with particular emphasis on possible clinical translation.Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as a type of porous and crystalline covalent organic polymer are built up from covalently linked and periodically arranged organic molecules. Their precise assembly, well-defined coordination network, and tunable porosity endow COFs with diverse characteristics such as low density, high crystallinity, porous structure, and large specific-surface area, as well as versatile functions and active sites that can be tuned at molecular and atomic level. These unique properties make them excellent candidate materials for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, diagnostic imaging, and disease therapy. To realize these functions, the components, dimensions, and guest molecule loading into COFs have a great influence on their performance in various applications. In this review, we first introduce the influence of dimensions, building blocks, and synthetic conditions on the chemical stability, pore structure, and chemical interaction with guest molecules of COFs. Next, the applications of COFs in cancer diagnosis and therapy are summarized. Finally, some challenges for COFs in cancer therapy are noted and the problems to be solved in the future are proposed.

Avian astroviruses, including chicken astrovirus (CAstV), avian nephritisvirus (ANV), and goose astrovirus (GoAstV), are ubiquitous enteric RNA viruses associated with enteric disorders in avian species. Recent research has found that infection of these astroviruses usually cause visceral gout in chicken, duckling and gosling. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the current article, we review recent discoveries of genetic diversity and variation of these astroviruses, as well as pathogenesis after astrovirus infection. In addition, we discuss the relation between avian astrovirus infection and visceral gout in poultry. Our aim is to review recent discoveries about the prevention and control of the consequential visceral gout diseases in poultry, along with the attempt to reveal the possible producing process of visceral gout diseases in poultry.

Polarized light can provide significant information about objects, and can be used as information carrier in communication systems through artificial modulation. However, traditional polarized light detection systems integrate polarizers and various functional circuits in addition to detectors, and are supplemented by complex encoding and decoding algorithms. Although the in-plane anisotropy of low-dimensional materials can be utilized to manufacture polarization-sensitive photodetectors without polarizers, the low anisotropic photocurrent ratio makes it impossible to realize digital output of polarized information. In this study, we propose an integrated polarization-sensitive amplification system by introducing a nanowire polarized photodetector and organic semiconductor transistors, which can boost the polarization sensitivity from 1.24 to 375. Especially, integrated systems are universal in that the systems can increase the anisotropic photocurrent ratio of any low-dimensional material corresponding to the polarized light. Consequently, a simple digital polarized light communication system can be realized based on this integrated system, which achieves certain information disguising and confidentiality effects. Though low-dimensional (LD) materials are attractive for polarization-type photodetectors, their low anisotropic photocurrent rate hinders widespread application. Here, the authors report an amplification system for enhanced photocurrent in polarization-sensitive LD material-based photodetectors.

The cantilever mediates tip-sample interaction detection in all atomic force microscopes (AFMs). Canonical cantilevers are beams, where length, width, and thickness define the physical properties such as stiffness and resonant frequency, that also mediate laser-reflection to report on cantilever deflection. High-speed AFM (HS-AFM) demands miniaturized cantilevers that are soft and fast, but miniaturized beams reduce laser signal quality. Here, we present a seesaw cantilever with a rigid reflective board oscillating over torsional hinges separating the laser-reflective and mechanical functions. Finite element analysis verified the seesaw mechanism. The board can be optimized for laser-reflection and the shortened distance between tip and hinges enhances the angular sensitivity, while the stiffness is tunable via the hinge dimensions. We detail seesaw cantilever design, fabrication, tip addition, physical equations, and sub-molecular imaging of biological samples. We propose that seesaw cantilevers offer a promising alternative to traditional beam cantilevers for diverse AFM applications. The authors present AFM seesaw cantilevers (SSCs) that separate the cantilever’s mechanical and laser-reflective functions to a rigid board and torsional hinges, respectively. The SSCs readily allow biomolecular high-speed AFM imaging.