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"Li, Qing"
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Forest bathing : how trees can help you find health and happiness
\"The definitive guide to the therapeutic Japanese practice of shinrin-yoku, or the art and science of how trees can promote health and happiness\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Strengthening in multi-principal element alloys with local-chemical-order roughened dislocation pathways
High-entropy and medium-entropy alloys are presumed to have a configurational entropy as high as that of an ideally mixed solid solution (SS) of multiple elements in near-equal proportions. However, enthalpic interactions inevitably render such chemically disordered SSs rare and metastable, except at very high temperatures. Here we highlight the wide variety of local chemical ordering (LCO) that sets these concentrated SSs apart from traditional solvent-solute ones. Using atomistic simulations, we reveal that the LCO of the multi-principal-element NiCoCr SS changes with alloy processing conditions, producing a wide range of generalized planar fault energies. We show that the LCO heightens the ruggedness of the energy landscape and raises activation barriers governing dislocation activities. This influences the selection of dislocation pathways in slip, faulting, and twinning, and increases the lattice friction to dislocation motion via a nanoscale segment detrapping mechanism. In contrast, severe plastic deformation reduces the LCO towards random SS.
Multi-principal-element alloys have been assumed to have the configurational entropy of an ideal solution. Here, the authors use atomistic simulations to show that instead NiCoCr exhibits local chemical order, raising the activation barriers of dislocation activities to elevate mechanical strength.
Journal Article
حيوية شينجيانغ
يتناول كتاب (حيوية شينجيانغ) الإنجازات والنتائج المتميزة التي حققتها شينجيانغ منذ عهد الإصلاح والانفتاح تحت قيادة اللجنة المركزية للحزب الشيوعي الصيني وفي ظل الجهود المشتركة بين كافة القوميات بشينجيانغ معتمدا على التغيير والتنمية التي حظيت بها شينجيانغ في العصر الحديث، وذلك من خلال مجموعة من الجوانب مثل تطور النقل والمواصلات بشينجيانغ والتحضر والزراعة والصناعة والقضايا الاجتماعية والجوانب المعيشية وغيرها، كما استعرض الكتاب الحياة السعيدة التي تمتعت بها كافة قوميات شينجيانغ في ظل العصر الحديث. وهكذا يكون الكتاب قد قدم للقارئ شينجيانغ الحيوية التي تتمتع بالنشاط والعزيمة.
Book
The association between sleep duration and excess body weight of the American adult population: a cross-sectional study of the national health and nutrition examination survey 2015–2016
Background
We intend to explore whether sleep duration is associated with overweight and obesity among the adult American population. Furthermore, we stratified the study population by age and sex in the subgroup analysis to investigate the potential disparities between adults and older adults, and men and women.
Methods
In total, 2459 individuals from the 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycle were included for analysis in this study. Sleep duration was assessed by the Sleep Disorders Questionnaire. Classification of the short-sleep, normal-sleep, and long-sleep group was based on the recommendation of the National Sleep Foundation. Bodyweight was measured during the physical examination. Multivariate logistic regression models were implemented.
Results
We observed a significantly higher overweight incidence in the short-sleep group compared to the normal-sleep group (OR = 1.825, 95%CI: 1.251–2.661,
P
= 0.004). Short-sleep (OR = 1.832, 95%CI: 1.215–2.762,
P
= 0.007) duration and long-sleep duration (OR = 1.370, 95%CI: 1.043–1.800,
P
= 0.027) were associated with higher prevalence of obesity. When stratified by age, short-sleep also increased the overweight and obese incidence 1.951 and 1.475 times in the adult group. In the sex-stratified subgroup analysis, the short-sleep group showed 2.49 times higher overweight incidence among females. The prevalence of obesity was 2.59 times higher in the short-sleep group and 1.698 times higher in the long-sleep group in the female population.
Conclusions
Sleep duration is associated with the occurrence of overweight and obesity, with sleep duration less than 7 h increase the overweight and obesity rate nearly 2 folds comparing to sleep 7–9 h.
Journal Article
Assessment of sanitation facilities in primary healthcare institutions across seven provinces in China: a cross-sectional study
Objective
This study aims to assess the current status of sanitation facilities across primary healthcare institutions in China, offering valuable insights for improving sanitary facilities in middle-income settings.
Methods
Data were draw from the ACACIA project (March 2021-April 2023) across seven provinces in China. A total of 2139 visits were made to 1167 primary healthcare institutions. Unannounced standardized patients (USPs) were utilized to covertly assess the sanitation facilities during clinical visits.
Results
Toilet sanitation facilities were available in 70.4% of visits. 95% had access to piped water. The probability of having a handwashing sinks in toilet and examination room is 79.2% and 50.8%. Significant regional disparities were observed, with southern regions exhibiting higher facility coverage compared to northeastern regions. Public primary healthcare institutions have more sanitary facilities than private ones. Higher-tier institutions have higher rates of sanitary facilities. Regarding quality, adverse event rates show minimal differences between clinic-level and center-level institutions. And the urban institutions is obviously better than that in rural areas.
Conclusions
China’s policy initiatives have improved sanitation facilities within primary healthcare institutions, but gaps persist in essential components and maintenance. Continued efforts are needed to enhance sanitation infrastructure to meet higher standards and ensure comprehensive coverage. The study’s insights can inform both domestic and global strategies for improving healthcare sanitation, contributing to the achievement of international health goals. Future research should focus on identifying barriers to sanitation improvements and developing targeted interventions to standardize sanitary facilities in primary healthcare settings.
Journal Article
الأدوات البرونزية للصين
يعتبر ظهور الأدوات البرونزية قفزة مهمة في تاريخ الحضارة الإنسانية. وعلي الرغم من أن العصر البرونزي في الصين لم يكن الأول في تاريخ البشرية، ولكن الأدوات البرونزية في الصين القديمة قد احتلت مكانة فريدة في تاريخ الحضارة العالمية اعتمادا علي أنواعها المتنوعة وأنماطها الغنية وعملية السبك الدقيقة والدلالة التاريخية والثقافية العميقة التي يحملها كل عمل برونزي في الصين القديمة. وهذا الكتاب الذي بين يدي القارئ الكريم يعرفن بلغة واضحة وحية وبالشرح والصور على أحد اوجه الثقافة والفنون الصينية الشهيرة والتي هي ثقافة البرونز الرائعة في الصين القديمة، فمن خلال قطعة من القطع البرونزية الثمينة يمكننا أن نستمع إلي صوت العصر البرونزي من أماكن بعيدة وتجربة أسلوب فريد من نوعه في ذلك العصر الذي مازالت أسراره بعيدة عن متناول القارئ العربي والتي نحاول من خلال هذا الكتاب أن نقدمها بشكل موجز وواضح لننقل للقارئ الكريم وجها جديدا عليه من أوجه الحضارة الصينية المتميزة.
Book
Gut microbiota modulation: a novel strategy for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer
Research about the role of gut microbiome in colorectal cancer (CRC) is a newly emerging field of study. Gut microbiota modulation, with the aim to reverse established microbial dysbiosis, is a novel strategy for prevention and treatment of CRC. Different strategies including probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have been employed. Although these strategies show promising results, mechanistically by correcting microbiota composition, modulating innate immune system, enhancing gut barrier function, preventing pathogen colonization and exerting selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells, it should be noted that they are accompanied by risks and controversies that can potentially introduce clinical complications. During bench-to-bedside translation, evaluation of risk-and-benefit ratio, as well as patient selection, should be carefully performed. In view of the individualized host response to gut microbiome intervention, developing personalized microbiome therapy may be the key to successful clinical treatment.
Journal Article
The Downregulation of Opioid Receptors and Neuropathic Pain
Neuropathic pain (NP) refers to pain caused by primary or secondary damage or dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of 7–10% of the general population. The etiology and pathogenesis of NP are complex; as such, NP has been a hot topic in clinical medicine and basic research for a long time, with researchers aiming to find a cure by studying it. Opioids are the most commonly used painkillers in clinical practice but are regarded as third-line drugs for NP in various guidelines due to the low efficacy caused by the imbalance of opioid receptor internalization and their possible side effects. Therefore, this literature review aims to evaluate the role of the downregulation of opioid receptors in the development of NP from the perspective of dorsal root ganglion, spinal cord, and supraspinal regions. We also discuss the reasons for the poor efficacy of opioids, given the commonness of opioid tolerance caused by NP and/or repeated opioid treatments, an angle that has received little attention to date; in-depth understanding might provide a new method for the treatment of NP.
Journal Article