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"Li, Qiong"
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Tuan yuan
Maomao's dad can only come back home once a year because of the work. In Chinese New Year, they have a good time for their family reunion.
Book
Oral P. gingivalis impairs gut permeability and mediates immune responses associated with neurodegeneration in LRRK2 R1441G mice
Background
The R1441G mutation in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene results in late-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). Peripheral inflammation and gut microbiota are closely associated with the pathogenesis of PD. Chronic periodontitis is a common type of peripheral inflammation, which is associated with PD.
Porphyromonas gingivalis
(Pg), the most common bacterium causing chronic periodontitis, can cause alteration of gut microbiota. It is not known whether Pg-induced dysbiosis plays a role in the pathophysiology of PD.
Methods
In this study, live Pg were orally administrated to animals, three times a week for 1 month. Pg-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to stimulate mononuclear cells in vitro. The effects of oral Pg administration on the gut and brain were evaluated through behaviors, morphology, and cytokine expression.
Results
Dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra were reduced, and activated microglial cells were increased in R1441G mice given oral Pg. In addition, an increase in mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) as well as protein level of α-synuclein together with a decrease in zonula occludens-1 (Zo-1) was detected in the colon in Pg-treated R1441G mice. Furthermore, serum interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and brain IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) were increased in Pg-treated R1441G mice.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that oral Pg-induced inflammation may play an important role in the pathophysiology of LRRK2-associated PD.
Journal Article
Exploring performance of athletic individuals: Tying athletic behaviors and big-five personality traits with sports performance
The paper aims to investigate the interplay of sports athletic behavior between big-five personality traits and sports performance in China. The study acquired cross-sectional responses on the questionnaire from 260 Chinese sports athletes, including males and females. Fuzzy analysis techniques were applied to examine the results of the study. Fuzzy TODIM assessment, and fuzzy decision analysis technique applied to draw inferences. The results established that big-five personality traits are significant predictors of athletic behaviors; however, neuroticism is found to be insignificant. The interplay of athletic behavior of sports athletes is also significant in sports game performance. The role of athletic behavior in the nexus between personality traits and sports performance is also significant. Gender also has a significant role in behavior and sports performance. Chinese educational institutional and sports administrations should strive to encourage psychological training programs are enhance mental resilience for effective performance. Valuing sports opportunities for females to shape gender equality would promote sports performance at the school and college levels. Therefore, policy makers need to take such initiatives for a physically academic grooming of the individuals.
Journal Article
Constructing a cell microenvironment with biomaterial scaffolds for stem cell therapy
Stem cell therapy is widely recognized as a promising strategy for exerting therapeutic effects after injury in degenerative diseases. However, limitations such as low cell retention and survival rates after transplantation exist in clinical applications. In recent years, emerging biomaterials that provide a supportable cellular microenvironment for transplanted cells have optimized the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells in injured tissues or organs. Advances in the engineered microenvironment are revolutionizing our understanding of stem cell-based therapies by co-transplanting with synthetic and tissue-derived biomaterials, which offer a scaffold for stem cells and propose an unprecedented opportunity to further employ significant influences in tissue repair and regeneration.
Journal Article
Protective Effects of Baicalein on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced AR42J PACs through Attenuation of Both Inflammation and Pyroptosis via Downregulation of miR-224-5p/PARP1
Background. Baicalein has been used to treat inflammation-related diseases; nevertheless, its specific mechanism of action is unclear. Therefore, we examined the protective effects of baicalein on lipopolysaccharide-induced damage to AR42J pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) and determined its mechanism of action for protection. Methods. An in vitro cell model of acute pancreatitis (AP) was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/L)-induced PACs (AR42J), and the relative survival rate was determined using the 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) technique. Flow cytometry was applied to evaluate the apoptotic rates of AR42J PACs. The RNA and protein expression of miR-224-5p, poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1), nuclear transcription factor-κB65 (NF-κB65), phospho-kappa B alpha(p-IκB-α), interleukin(IL)-18R, NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3), gasdermin D (GSDMD), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1 was detected based on the WB and RT-PCR assays. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α expression levels in AR42J cells were measured via ELISA method. The cell morphology was examined using the AO/EB method. Results. The experiment confirmed a significant increase in the activity of AR42J cells treated with various doses of baicalein. Moreover, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 expression levels in AR42J cells were dramatically reduced (P <0.05), while miR-224-5p level was obviously enhanced. The protein and gene expression of PARP1, NF-κB65, p-IκB-α, IL-18R, GSDMD, ASC, NLRP3, and caspase-1 was obviously decreased (P<0.05). Apoptosis in AR42J cells was significantly reduced with significant improvement in cell morphology. Conclusion. Baicalein may significantly alleviate LPS-induced AR42J PAC damage by inhibiting the inflammatory response and pyroptosis. Its mode of action might be linked to higher miR-224-5p expression, which inhibits the PARP1/NF-κB and NLPR3/ASC/caspase-1/GSDMD pathways.
Journal Article
Effect of Internet-Based Rehabilitation Programs on Improvement of Pain and Physical Function in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, debilitating, and degenerative joint disease. However, it is difficult for patients with knee OA to access conventional rehabilitation when discharging from the hospital. Internet-based rehabilitation is one of the promising telemedicine strategies to provide a means combining monitoring, guidance, and treatment for patients with knee OA.
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis for assessing the effect of internet-based rehabilitation programs on pain and physical function in patients with knee OA.
Keywords related to knee OA and internet-based rehabilitation were systematically searched in the Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), CNKI, SinoMed, and WANFANG databases from January 2000 to April 2020. Only randomized controlled trials were included. The authors independently screened the literature. The main outcome measures were focused on pain and physical function. A meta-analysis was performed on the collected data. Review Manager (RevMan, version 5.3) was used for all analyses.
The systematic review identified 6 randomized controlled trials, 4 of which were included in the meta-analysis, comprising a total of 791 patients with knee OA. The meta-analysis with the fixed-effects model showed that the internet-based rehabilitation programs could significantly alleviate the osteoarthritic pain for patients compared with conventional rehabilitation (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.21, 95% CI -0.4 to -0.01, P=.04). No significant difference was found in the improvement of physical function in patients with knee OA compared with conventional rehabilitation within 2 to 12 months (SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.27 to 0.12, P=.43).
This systematic review shows that internet-based rehabilitation programs could improve the pain but not physical function for patients with knee OA. However, there was a very small number of studies that could be included in the review and meta-analysis. Thus, further studies with large sample sizes are warranted to promote the effectiveness of internet-based rehabilitation and to develop its personalized design.
Journal Article
Meta-analysis of modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease
BackgroundThe aetiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is believed to involve environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility. The aim of our present systematic review and meta-analysis was to roundly evaluate the association between AD and its modifiable risk factors.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to July 2014, and the references of retrieved relevant articles. We included prospective cohort studies and retrospective case–control studies.Results16 906 articles were identified of which 323 with 93 factors met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Among factors with relatively strong evidence (pooled population >5000) in our meta-analysis, we found grade I evidence for 4 medical exposures (oestrogen, statin, antihypertensive medications and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs therapy) as well as 4 dietary exposures (folate, vitamin E/C and coffee) as protective factors of AD. We found grade I evidence showing that one biochemical exposure (hyperhomocysteine) and one psychological condition (depression) significantly increase risk of developing AD. We also found grade I evidence indicative of complex roles of pre-existing disease (frailty, carotid atherosclerosis, hypertension, low diastolic blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus (Asian population) increasing risk whereas history of arthritis, heart disease, metabolic syndrome and cancer decreasing risk) and lifestyle (low education, high body mass index (BMI) in mid-life and low BMI increasing the risk whereas cognitive activity, current smoking (Western population), light-to-moderate drinking, stress, high BMI in late-life decreasing the risk) in influencing AD risk. We identified no evidence suggestive of significant association with occupational exposures.ConclusionsEffective interventions in diet, medications, biochemical exposures, psychological condition, pre-existing disease and lifestyle may decrease new incidence of AD.
Journal Article
Enhanced piezoelectricity from highly polarizable oriented amorphous fractions in biaxially oriented poly(vinylidene fluoride) with pure β crystals
Piezoelectric polymers hold great potential for various electromechanical applications, but only show low performance, with |
d
33
| < 30 pC/N. We prepare a highly piezoelectric polymer (
d
33
= −62 pC/N) based on a biaxially oriented poly(vinylidene fluoride) (BOPVDF, crystallinity = 0.52). After unidirectional poling, macroscopically aligned samples with pure β crystals are achieved, which show a high spontaneous polarization (
P
s
) of 140 mC/m
2
. Given the theoretical limit of
P
s,β
= 188 mC/m
2
for the neat β crystal, the high
P
s
cannot be explained by the crystalline-amorphous two-phase model (i.e.,
P
s,β
= 270 mC/m
2
). Instead, we deduce that a significant amount (at least 0.25) of an oriented amorphous fraction (OAF) must be present between these two phases. Experimental data suggest that the mobile OAF resulted in the negative and high
d
33
for the poled BOPVDF. The plausibility of this conclusion is supported by molecular dynamics simulations.
Piezoelectric polymers usually have rather low piezoelectric coefficients less than 30 pC/N. Here, the authors achieve a highly piezoelectric polymer (
d
33
= −62 pC/N) based on a poled biaxially oriented poly(vinylidene fluoride) with a pure β phase due to the mobile oriented amorphous fraction.
Journal Article
Electroacupuncture ameliorates intestinal inflammation by activating α7nAChR-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in postoperative ileus
Inflammatory cytokines produced by muscularis macrophages largely contribute to the pathological signs of postoperative ileus (POI). Electroacupuncture (EA) can suppress inflammation, mainly or partly via activation of vagal efferent. The goal of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which EA stimulation at an hindlimb region ameliorates inflammation in POI.
Intestinal motility and inflammation were examined after 24 h after intestinal manipulation (IM)-induced POI in mice. Local immune response in the intestinal muscularis, expression of macrophages, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) were determined by flow cytometry, Western Blot, qPCR and immunofluorescence. The effects of α7nAChR antagonists (methyllycaconitine and α-bungarotoxin) and JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors (AG490 and WP1066) were also administered in a subset of mice prior to EA. In the parasympathetic pathways, intestinal motility and inflammation were determined after cervical vagotomy and sub-diaphragmatic vagotomy. The expression of gamma absorptiometry aminobutyric acid (GABA
) receptor in dorsal motor nucleus of vagal (DMV) cholinergic neurons was assessed by immunofluorescence and the response to DMV microinjection of bicuculine (antagonist of GABA
receptor) or muscimol (agonist of GABA
receptor) were assessed.
EA suppressed intestinal inflammation and promoted gastrointestinal motility. Mechanistically, EA activated the α7nAChR-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in macrophages which reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that hindlimb region stimulation drove vagal efferent output by inhibiting the expression of GABA
receptor in DMV to ameliorate inflammation.
The present study revealed that EA of hindlimb regions inhibited the expression of GABA
receptor in DMV neurons, whose excited vagal nerve, in turn suppressed IM-induced inflammation via activation of α7nAChR-mediated JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Journal Article