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"Li, Ran"
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A multi stage deep learning approach for real-time vehicle detection, tracking, and speed measurement in intelligent transportation systems
In the field of intelligent transportation, accurate vehicle detection, tracking, and re-identification are essential tasks that enable real-time monitoring, congestion management, and safety improvements. To address these needs in high-traffic highway environments, this study proposes a multi stage traffic flow model combining deep learning and metric learning. The model leverages the Segment Anything Model for vehicle detection, utilizing language-prompting to automate segmentation, thereby reducing manual adjustments and improving adaptability across complex traffic scenarios. For vehicle tracking, the model employs the StrongSORT algorithm, integrated with mask-based tracking to enhance recognition coherence and maintain resilience against occlusions, especially in congested conditions. Additionally, the PP-OCR module accurately extracts timestamps to support interval speed measurement across multiple viewpoints, using vehicle re-identification results for precise multi-camera tracking. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods, achieving higher mean average precision and tracking accuracy in both high-density and challenging traffic conditions, highlighting its robustness and suitability for intelligent transportation systems.
Journal Article
Coupling aqueous zinc batteries and perovskite solar cells for simultaneous energy harvest, conversion and storage
Simultaneously harvesting, converting and storing solar energy in a single device represents an ideal technological approach for the next generation of power sources. Herein, we propose a device consisting of an integrated carbon-based perovskite solar cell module capable of harvesting solar energy (and converting it into electricity) and a rechargeable aqueous zinc metal cell. The electrochemical energy storage cell utilizes heterostructural Co
2
P-CoP-NiCoO
2
nanometric arrays and zinc metal as the cathode and anode, respectively, and shows a capacity retention of approximately 78% after 25000 cycles at 32 A/g. In particular, the battery cathode and perovskite material of the solar cell are combined in a sandwich joint electrode unit. As a result, the device delivers a specific power of 54 kW/kg and specific energy of 366 Wh/kg at 32 A/g and 2 A/g, respectively. Moreover, benefiting from its narrow voltage range (1.40–1.90 V), the device demonstrates an efficiency of approximately 6%, which is stable for 200 photocharge and discharge cycles.
Accumulation of intermittent solar energy using secondary batteries is an appealing solution for future power sources. Here, the authors propose a device comprising of perovskite solar cells and aqueous zinc metal batteries connected via the sandwich joint electrode method.
Journal Article
الطبيعة
إن الرموز الصينية هي أحد أهم معالم اللغة الصينية فهي تعد بالأمر الغريب على كل من هو مبتدئ فى دراسة اللغة ونظرا لكثرة الرموز والتي يتجاوز عددها أكثر من 6000 رمز وهذا يجعل عملية حفظ الرموز شبه مستحيلة ولكن هذه السلسلة الفريدة والأولى من نوعها المترجمة إلى العربية التي تحكي قصة تطور الرمز بدءا من نقشه على عظام السلاحف والألواح النحاسية وبعد انتهائك من هذه السلسلة لن يقف أمامك أي رمز وستتمكن من حفظ وكتابه الرموز بشكل محترف.
Book
Islands and Page curves of Reissner-Nordström black holes
A
bstract
We apply the recently proposed quantum extremal surface construction to calculate the Page curve of the eternal Reissner-Nordström black holes in four dimensions ignoring the backreaction and the greybody factor. Without the island, the entropy of Hawking radiation grows linearly with time, which results in the information paradox for the eternal black holes. By extremizing the generalized entropy that allows the contributions from the island, we find that the island extends to the outside the horizon of the Reissner-Nordström black hole. When taking the effect of the islands into account, it is shown that the entanglement entropy of Hawking radiation at late times for a given region far from the black hole horizon reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the Reissner-Nordström black hole with an additional term representing the effect of the matter fields. The result is consistent with the finiteness of the entanglement entropy for the radiation from an eternal black hole. This facilitates to address the black hole information paradox issue in the current case under the above-mentioned approximations.
Journal Article
Targeted modulation of gut microbiota by traditional Chinese medicine and natural products for liver disease therapy
The gut microbiota not only constitutes intestinal microenvironment homeostasis and human health but also exerts indispensable roles in the occurrence and progression of multiple liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune liver disease and liver cancer. Given the therapeutic status of these diseases, their prevention and early therapy are crucial, and the detailed mechanism of gut microbiota in liver disease urgently needs to be explored. Meanwhile, multiple studies have shown that various traditional Chinese medicines, such as Si Miao Formula, Jiangzhi Granules, Liushen Capsules, Chaihu-Shugan Power, Cassiae Semen and Gynostemma, as well as some natural products, including Costunolide, Coprinus comatus polysaccharide, Antarctic krill oil, Oridonin and Berberine, can repair liver injury, improve fatty liver, regulate liver immunity, and even inhibit liver cancer through multiple targets, links, and pathways. Intriguingly, the aforementioned effects demonstrated by these traditional Chinese medicines and natural products have been shown to be closely related to the gut microbiota, directly driving the strategy of traditional Chinese medicines and natural products to regulate the gut microbiota as one of the breakthroughs in the treatment of liver diseases. Based on this, this review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the characteristics, functions and potential mechanisms of these medicines targeting gut microbiota during liver disease treatment. Research on the potential effects on gut microbiota and the regulatory mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine and natural products provides novel insights and significant references for developing liver disease treatment strategies. In parallel, such explorations will enhance the comprehension of traditional Chinese medicine and natural products modulating gut microbiota during disease treatment, thus facilitating their clinical investigation and application.
Journal Article
Hand Hygiene, Mask-Wearing Behaviors and Its Associated Factors during the COVID-19 Epidemic: A Cross-Sectional Study among Primary School Students in Wuhan, China
Although the emphasis on behaviors of hand-washing and mask-wearing was repeated during the pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), not everyone paid enough attention to this. A descriptive statistic was used to make sense of the status of hand hygiene and mask-wearing among primary school students in Wuhan, China. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors affecting the behaviors of hand-washing and mask-wearing. p < 0.05 (two-sides) was considered as significant at statistics. 42.05% of the primary school students showed a good behavior of hand-washing, while 51.60% had a good behavior of mask-wearing. Gender, grade, out-going history, father’s occupation, mother’s educational background, and the time filling out the survey were significantly associated with hand hygiene, whereas grade, mother’s educational background, and residence were associated with mask-wearing. The behaviors of hand-washing and mask-wearing among primary school students were influenced by gender, grade, and other factors, therefore, parents should make efforts of behavior guidance whereas governments should enlarge medium publicity.
Journal Article
AARS1 and AARS2 sense l-lactate to regulate cGAS as global lysine lactyltransferases
l
-lactate modifies proteins through lactylation
1
, but how this process occurs is unclear. Here we identify the alanyl-tRNA synthetases AARS1 and AARS2 (AARS1/2) as intracellular
l
-lactate sensors required for
l
-lactate to stimulate the lysine lactylome in cells. AARS1/2 and the evolutionarily conserved
Escherichia coli
orthologue AlaRS bind to
l
-lactate with micromolar affinity and they directly catalyse
l
-lactate for ATP-dependent lactylation on the lysine acceptor end. In response to
l
-lactate, AARS2 associates with cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS) and mediates its lactylation and inactivation in cells and in mice. By establishing a genetic code expansion orthogonal system for lactyl-lysine incorporation, we demonstrate that the presence of a lactyl moiety at a specific cGAS amino-terminal site abolishes cGAS liquid-like phase separation and DNA sensing in vitro and in vivo. A lactyl mimetic knock-in inhibits cGAS, whereas a lactyl-resistant knock-in protects mice against innate immune evasion induced through high levels of
l
-lactate. MCT1 blockade inhibits cGAS lactylation in stressed mice and restores innate immune surveillance, which in turn antagonizes viral replication. Thus, AARS1/2 are conserved intracellular
l
-lactate sensors and have an essential role as lactyltransferases. Moreover, a chemical reaction process of lactylation targets and inactivates cGAS.
The tRNA synthases AARS1 and AARS2 are identified as evolutionarily conserved sensors of intracellular
l
-lactate to mediate the global lysine lactylome.
Journal Article