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"Li, Shuyang"
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المتاحف الصينية /
يتناول كتاب (المتاحف الصينية) والذي قام بتأليفه (لي شيا نياو، لوه تشهون) في حوالي (195) صفحة من القطع المتوسط موضوع (المتاحف) مستعرضا المحتويات التالية : قراءة حضارة الأمة الصينية من المتاحف-الكنوز في الوطن-المساهمات من الأقليات القومية في الصين-البحث عن أصل التاريخ-كنوز الكهوف الحجرية الصينية-القصورتحت الأرض-الحضارة الصينية-البلوارت الإنسانية-أم الحدائق-موطن الأسلاف-السماء السوداء والأرض الصفراء.
Book
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle Assisted Edge Computing
Computation offloading technology extends cloud computing to the edge of the access network close to users, bringing many benefits to terminal devices with limited battery and computational resources. Nevertheless, the existing computation offloading approaches are challenging to apply to specific scenarios, such as the dense distribution of end-users and the sparse distribution of network infrastructure. The technological revolution in the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and chip industry has granted UAVs more computing resources and promoted the emergence of UAV-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) technology, which could be applied to those scenarios. However, in the MEC system with multiple users and multiple servers, making reasonable offloading decisions and allocating system resources is still a severe challenge. This paper studies the offloading decision and resource allocation problem in the UAV-assisted MEC environment with multiple users and servers. To ensure the quality of service for end-users, we set the weighted total cost of delay, energy consumption, and the size of discarded tasks as our optimization objective. We further formulate the joint optimization problem as a Markov decision process and apply the soft actor–critic (SAC) deep reinforcement learning algorithm to optimize the offloading policy. Numerical simulation results show that the offloading policy optimized by our proposed SAC-based dynamic computing offloading (SACDCO) algorithm effectively reduces the delay, energy consumption, and size of discarded tasks for the UAV-assisted MEC system. Compared with the fixed local-UAV scheme in the specific simulation setting, our proposed approach reduces system delay and energy consumption by approximately 50% and 200%, respectively.
Journal Article
Preserving Authenticity in Urban Regeneration: A Framework for the New Definition from the Perspective of Multi-Subject Stakeholders—A Case Study of Nantou in Shenzhen, China
Urban villages are a modern heritage in China that provide affordable housing for urban immigrants and accommodate diverse communities of cohabitation. The regeneration and displacement of urban villages in the past decade have raised the potential risk of social exclusion and led to debates regarding the preservation of cultural and social authenticity. This paper establishes a new conceptual framework for the definition of authenticity from multi-subject perspectives. Taking Nantou as a massive regeneration case, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with multiple stakeholders, involving planning officials, developers, designers, researchers, merchandisers, curation NGOs, local residents, and tourists. Key factors and concepts related to the multi-subject evaluation of the planning decision and its effect on urban regeneration have been identified, using a grounded theory approach for interview analysis. A further coding of the data reveals four cognitive dimensions in the subjects’ expression of authenticity. The shift in the definition of urban authenticity implies that stakeholders might use different notions of authenticity in negotiations to resist or embrace urban interventions. The multivariant definition framework of authenticity can be adapted to guide future regeneration strategies, and would motivate the proliferation of urban preservation to take social and negotiable character into its definition.
Journal Article
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors for Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Lung cancer is the most prevalent severe illness in both sexes and all ages and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Late-stage diagnosis is the primary cause of its high mortality rate. Therefore, the management of lung cancer needs early-stage screening. Breath analysis is a non-invasive, low-cost, and user-friendly approach to diagnosing lung cancer. Among the various types of breath sensors, MOS gas sensors are preferred due to their high gas responses, fast response times, robustness, and lower price. This review focuses on the critical role of MOS gas sensors in detecting VOCs in lung cancer patients’ exhaled breath. It introduces the basic working mechanism of MOS gas-sensitive materials, summarizes some high-performance MOS materials suitable for detecting potential lung cancer biomarkers and provides performance enhancement strategies. The review also briefly introduces the sensor array and its pattern recognition algorithm. Finally, we discuss the challenges in developing MOS gas sensors for lung cancer screening and present the prospect of using the e-nose for large-scale early lung cancer screening.
Journal Article
Significance of the cribriform pattern in predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
A number of studies have shown that various histological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma have different clinical prognoses, but the cribriform pattern, as a unique histological subtype, plays an important role in the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
In this meta-analysis, we evaluated the role of the cribriform pattern in the overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, which may provide valuable information for the treatment of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. This also provides an important basis for dividing the cribriform pattern into a new histological subtype and classifying it.
We searched the literature from the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science online databases; extracted the data and characteristics of each study; and extracted and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the impact of the cribriform pattern on the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
A total of 10 articles were included in the study according to the preset criteria, with a total of 5487 research subjects. The hazard ratio for the relationship between the cribriform pattern and the overall survival rate of patients with lung adenocarcinoma was 2.05 (95% CI: 1.76-2.39). The prognosis of patients with positive spread through air spaces in the cribriform pattern was significantly worse than that of patients with negative spread through air spaces in the cribriform pattern, with a hazard ratio of 2.58 (95% CI: 1.84-3.62). There was a significant difference in prognosis between patients with the cribriform pattern and those with low-grade and intermediate-grade lung adenocarcinoma, but there was no significant difference in prognosis between patients with the cribriform pattern and those with high-grade lung adenocarcinoma, with hazard ratios of 2.12 (95% CI: 1.12-4.00), 7.70 (95% CI: 2.15-36.20) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.54-2.40), respectively. Therefore, the cribriform pattern should be used as a histological subtype of high-grade tumors, thus influencing the postoperative prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
The presence of the cribriform pattern is an independent risk factor for postoperative overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The cribriform pattern should be considered a new histological subtype of lung adenocarcinoma and classified with solid carcinoma and micropapillary adenocarcinoma as high-grade tumors.
Journal Article
Enhancement and Restoration of Scratched Murals Based on Hyperspectral Imaging—A Case Study of Murals in the Baoguang Hall of Qutan Temple, Qinghai, China
Environmental changes and human activities have caused serious degradation of murals around the world. Scratches are one of the most common issues in these damaged murals. We propose a new method for virtually enhancing and removing scratches from murals; which can provide an auxiliary reference and support for actual restoration. First, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the hyperspectral data of a mural after reflectance correction, and high-pass filtering was performed on the selected first principal component image. Principal component fusion was used to replace the original first principal component with a high-pass filtered first principal component image, which was then inverse PCA transformed with the other original principal component images to obtain an enhanced hyperspectral image. The linear information in the mural was therefore enhanced, and the differences between the scratches and background improved. Second, the enhanced hyperspectral image of the mural was synthesized as a true colour image and converted to the HSV colour space. The light brightness component of the image was estimated using the multi-scale Gaussian function and corrected with a 2D gamma function, thus solving the problem of localised darkness in the murals. Finally, the enhanced mural images were applied as input to the triplet domain translation network pretrained model. The local branches in the translation network perform overall noise smoothing and colour recovery of the mural, while the partial nonlocal block is used to extract the information from the scratches. The mapping process was learned in the hidden space for virtual removal of the scratches. In addition, we added a Butterworth high-pass filter at the end of the network to generate the final restoration result of the mural with a clearer visual effect and richer high-frequency information. We verified and validated these methods for murals in the Baoguang Hall of Qutan Temple. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the restoration results of the total variation (TV) model, curvature-driven diffusion (CDD) model, and Criminisi algorithm. Moreover, the proposed combined method produces better recovery results and improves the visual richness, readability, and artistic expression of the murals compared with direct recovery using a triple domain translation network.
Journal Article
Anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murray Mitigate Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress and Testicular Toxicity by Activating the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal environmental pollutant that has carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic properties. Excessive exposure to Cd can induce oxidative stress, which greatly harms the male reproductive system. Anthocyanins have remarkable antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-stress properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of anthocyanins and the underlying mechanisms through which anthocyanins mitigate Cd-induced reproductive damage. We isolated and purified Lycium ruthenicum Murray anthocyanin extract (LAE) and performed UHPLC-MS/MS to identify 30 different anthocyanins. We established an ICR mouse Cd injury model by administering 5 mg/kg/day CdCl2 for 28 consecutive days. LAE at 500 mg/kg/day effectively ameliorated testicular damage and preserved spermatogenesis. The mice in the LAE-treated group had elevated testosterone and inhibin B levels. Additionally, the treatment restored the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including T-SOD, CAT, and GR, and substantially increased the levels of the non-enzymatic antioxidant GSH. Research findings indicate that LAE can activate the SIRT1/Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway. This activation is achieved through the upregulation of both the SIRT1 gene and protein levels, leading to the deacetylation of Nrf2. Moreover, LAE reduces the expression of Keap1, alleviating its inhibitory effect on Nrf2. This, in turn, facilitates the uncoupling process, promoting the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus, where it governs downstream expression, including that of HO-1 and GPX1. LAE effectively mitigated toxicity to the reproductive system associated with exposure to the heavy metal Cd by alleviating oxidative stress in the testes.
Journal Article
Characterization of genomic instability-related genes predicts survival and therapeutic response in lung adenocarcinoma
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Its progression is characterized by genomic instability. In turn, the level of genomic instability affects the prognosis and immune status of patients with LUAD. However, the impact of molecular features associated with genomic instability on the tumor microenvironment (TME) has not been well characterized. In addition, the effect of the genes related to genomic instability in LUAD on individualized treatment of LUAD is unknown.
Methods
The RNA-Sequencing, somatic mutation, and clinical data of LUAD patients were downloaded from publicly available databases. A genetic signature associated with genomic instability (GSAGI) was constructed by univariate Cox regression, Lasso regression, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Bioinformatics analysis investigated the differences in prognosis, immune characteristics, and the most appropriate treatment strategy among different subtypes of LUAD patients. CCK-8 and colony formation verified the various effects of Etoposide on different subtypes of LUAD cell lines. Cell-to-cell communication analysis was performed using the “CellChat” R package. The expression of the risk factors in the GSAGI was verified using real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Results
We constructed and validated the GSAGI, consisting of five genes: ANLN, RHOV, KRT6A, SIGLEC6, and KLRG2. The GSAGI was an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients. Patients in the high-risk group distinguished by the GSAGI are more suitable for chemotherapy. More immune cells are infiltrating the tumor microenvironment of patients in the low-risk group, especially B cells. Low-risk group patients are more suitable for receiving immunotherapy. The single-cell level analysis confirmed the influence of the GSAGI on TME and revealed the Mode of action between tumor cells and other types of cells. qRT-PCR and IHC showed increased ANLN, RHOV, and KRT6A expression in the LUAD cells and tumor tissues.
Conclusion
This study confirms that genes related to genomic instability can affect the prognosis and immune status of LUAD patients. The GSAGI we identified has the potential to guide clinicians in predicting clinical outcomes, assessing immunological status, and even developing personalized treatment plans for LUAD patients.
Journal Article
Performance of a prestressed efficiently prefabricated beam-column connection
Analyzing the seismic performance and flexural capacity of beam-column joints is crucial in structural design phase. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the seismic performance and flexural capacity of precast prestressed efficiently fabricated frame (PPEFF) joints. Reverse cyclic load tests and flexural capacity analysis are conducted. The damage modes, hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of five PPEFF joint specimens with different reinforcement rates of the energy-dissipating bars and shear reinforcement are obtained. The results show that the damage pattern of the specimen is ideal, i.e., the plastic hinge region at the end of the beam is severely damaged, whereas the remainder of the beam is slightly damaged. Increasing the reinforcement rate of the energy-consuming steel bars enhances the load capacity, energy dissipation capacity, and initial stiffness of the joint but reduces the ductility performance. The maximum change in ductility was 5.31 for the reinforcement rate of energy-consuming steel bars ranging from 0.38% to 0.59%. In addition, the flexural capacity of the PPEFF joint is evaluated, considering the influence of the shear steel on the yielding and ultimate states. An equation of the flexural capacity is derived. A good agreement is observed between the experimental and calculation results, verifying the correctness of the proposed flexural capacity equation.
Journal Article
Cellulose-mediated floc formation by the activated sludge bacterium Shinella zoogloeoides ATCC 19623
Background
Bacterial floc formation plays a central role in the activated sludge (AS) process. The formation of AS flocs has long been known to require exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. We had demonstrated that both expolysaccharides and PEP-CTERM (a short C-terminal domain includes a near-invariant motif Pro-Glu-Pro (PEP)) proteins were required for floc-forming in
Zoogloea resiniphila
MMB, a dominant AS bacterium. However, the PEP-CTERM proteins are not encoded in the genome of AS bacterium
Shinella zoogloeoides
ATCC 19623 (formerly known as
Zoogloea ramigera
I-16-M) and other sequenced AS bacteria strains. The mechanism underlying floc formation of
Shinella
and related AS bacteria remained largely unclear.
Results
In this study, we have sequenced and annotated the complete genome of
S. zoogloeoides
ATCC 19623 (
aka
I-16-M), previously isolated in USA and treated as the neotype for the AS floc-forming bacterium
Zoogloea ramigera
I-16-M, and another AS strain XJ20 isolated in China.
Mariner
transposon mutagenesis had been conducted to isolate floc-forming-deficient mutants in the strain ATCC 19623 as previously performed by using
Tn5
transposon three decades ago. The transposon insertional sites of multiple mutants were mapped to the gene cluster for bacterial cellulose synthesis (
bcs
) and secretion, and the role played by these genes in floc-formation had been further confirmed by genetic complementation. Interestingly, the restriction map of this
bcs
locus-flanking region was highly similar to that of the previously identified DNA fragment required for floc-formation in 1980s. Cellulase treatment abolished the floc-forming phenotype of
S. zoogloeoides
ATCC 19623 but not that of
Z
.
resiniphila
MMB strain. The FTIR spectral analyses revealed that the samples extracted from
S. zoogloeoides
ATCC 19623 were cellulose polymer.
Conclusion
Our results indicated that we have largely reproduced and completed the unfinished pioneering work on AS floc-formation mechanism, demonstrating that the floc-formation and flocculating capability of
Shinella
were mediated by extracellular cellulose polymers.
Journal Article